Analysis of the means of checking the health of the computer hardware. Diagnostics of all PC devices

Have you encountered such a situation - the computer starts to malfunction or completely shuts down. What is the problem? It turns out that it is not always necessary to contact the service center. Try to use specialized software. The use of programs is useful not only in cases of malfunctions. Consider the best programs for determining computer hardware, and when to use them.

What is this software for?

Have you ever had a situation where you need to know some PC characteristics? And this is not the only reason to use such software. Software for determining hardware is useful if:

1. Drivers are updated;
2. To find out the temperature of HDD or CPU;
3. When the system slows down and freezes.

Sometimes you need to know the hardware model or version. Users do not remember such parameters. They may not be in the documentation. Consider what software is needed in such situations.

Speccy

Official website of the program: filehippo.com/download_speccy. On the main page there will be a link by which we download the "exe" file with the program. Installation is simple, and will not cause difficulties even for beginners. Shows information about RAM, sound devices, CPU and motherboard temperatures. Works on all versions of Windows.

The utility window displays hardware models and small icons showing temperature. By clicking on them twice, see the changes that have taken place in five minutes. The utility will not be released by the developers as a professional monitoring tool, but you can find out that it's time to change the thermal paste on the video card using the program.

Specifications Speccy:

1. Shows detailed information about the characteristics of the PC and its devices;
2. Uses system tools for diagnostics.

Program for determining computer hardware Aida64

Download the program from the official Internet project: aida64.com/downloads/latesta64xe.

Previously called Everest, but was renamed by the developers to AIDU. Shows detailed information about the system and what is installed. Aida64 is configured for advanced PC diagnostics. Has tests for RAM, CPU, video, HDD.

Important! When checking out a computer, or before buying a new one, take a stress test. If the device has worked for at least fifteen minutes, and the blue screen has not appeared, everything is fine.

Characteristics of AIDA 64:

1. Shows information in real time;
2. Creates a detailed report;
3. Completely in Russian.

Aida can:

1. Edit programs in startup. It is because of them that the PC starts to work more slowly;
2. Section displaying all connected devices. This will help determine its model and find the correct driver. Shows a link from where to download it.

HWInfo

Official website of the utility: www.hwinfo.com. Of the features, we note the ability to download the program installer, and the presence of a portable version. Once launched, HWInfo displays general information about the PC.

Small but powerful program. If you look at the temperature sensors, then in addition to the current indicators, the program will show the maximum allowable parameters for the equipment. If they are close to the maximum, think about it. Works with all versions of Windows.

Important! It is convenient to update drivers, as the utility publishes a link to the manufacturer's website.

GPU-Z

If there are malfunctions of the video card, pay attention to this application. It supports most of the existing video adapters. Shows information about frequency, RAM usage, loading. Determines the memory timings and BIOS version of the motherboard. Download it from cpuz.ru/gpuz_download.htm

Peculiarities:

• Works only with video card;
• The main feature is monitoring of the main quantities of the device;
• Minimum settings.

CPU Thermometer

Download it from cputhermometer.com

Suitable for those who know what a normal CPU temperature is. Performs one function - shows the percentage of processor cores. Minimizes to the system tray and starts with the OS.

CPU-Z

Official website of the program: cpuid.com/softwares/cpu-z.html

The utility will measure the temperature of the CPU, evaluate its efficiency and resistance to overloads. The creators have implemented many important features in the application. In addition to testing, the utility receives information about the motherboard, each bar of RAM and GPU. Creates a report that can be exported to txt or html format.

Peculiarities:

1. Shows CPU temperature;
2. Detailed information about the hardware;
3. Benchmark (solving a problem to determine performance) CPU;
4. Works on Windows and Android.

Keep track of temperature with Core Temp

Download the program from the site: alcpu.com/CoreTemp/

Receives information from PC temperature sensors. Checks if the system is using a lot of CPU. Feature of the program - function of protection against an overheat. She will report it, and take certain actions. Will put the PC into sleep mode, or turn it on (can be configured by choice).

Shows the values ​​of the CPU core, frequency and voltage on the chip. It differs from similar programs by the ability to display the maximum heating temperature depending on the processor model. Even if you are a novice user, looking at the minimum and maximum values ​​\u200b\u200bwill understand whether the temperature readings are normal.

Advantages:

1. Consumes few system resources;
2. Clear interface;
3. Protects the system from overheating;
4. Ability to search for new drivers;
5. BIOS update;
6. Advanced diagnostic setup;
7. Free.

Open Hardware Monitor

Located at: openhardwaremonitor.org/downloads/

Dwaremonitor connects to the sensors on the motherboard, so it shows accurate and detailed information. The window displays the current and maximum temperatures. By looking at the values ​​it becomes clear whether the equipment has a tendency to overheat.

Main characteristics:

1. Reports an increase in temperature;
2. The results are logged;
3. Support for all existing processors, information about which comes from special online databases;
4. Compatible with all versions of Windows.

speedfan

The utility is located on the site speedfan.ru.softonic.com/

Displays the temperature of the CPU, SMAPT drive and other parts of the PC. A distinctive feature is the regulation of the speed of rotation of the cooler. That is what it will be used for. SpeedFan prevents overheating and helps reduce noise levels.

Important! Try different options to get the right setting. The main thing is to watch the temperature.

Peculiarities:

1. Temperature information is displayed in the system tray (near the clock);
2. The fan speed is set in the menu.

Conclusion

Use the above programs in combination with Core Temp and Hardware Monitor. The first will protect against overheating. The second one will show detailed information about other parameters. To reduce noise or optimize cooling, use SpeedFan. AIDA and CPU-Z are suitable for testing hardware. Against the background of their counterparts, they show the most truthful results. If you don't like complicated software, use the minimalist CPU Thermometer.

For many of us, the PC is the meaning of life. We cherish and cherish our computer, try to buy the best hardware for it, regularly clean it from dust, change the thermal paste on the processor and graphics card. All this is dedicated to one goal - getting the most out of our gadget. Wanting to evaluate the power of our system, we resort to various tests, available both in the form of network services and in the form of stationary programs. Below we will discuss how to perform a personal computer performance test online. And also we will give a number of stationary programs that will complement the list of tools.

Features of PC performance tests

PC performance test(or benchmark) is a set of tasks that allow you to check the speed and stability of the hardware and software components of your computer. It includes tests of the central processor, graphics card, memory, monitor, Internet speed (online), sound card and other test options.

The objectives of this test are as follows:

• Counting PC Performance Units. The result obtained allows you to compare different processors with each other in terms of their performance. The test clearly demonstrates where our system lags behind analogues, and where replacement of obsolete components is necessary;
• Stress test of PC components. Such a test allows you to load the computer or its individual components to the maximum to check the stability of their work under maximum load.

Most of the benchmarks available to us are implemented as stationary programs. Network tests, which allow you to perform online testing for PC performance, have a number of inconveniences. In particular, such checks are performed through a browser that does not always work stably at maximum system load, and sometimes simply crashes.

Therefore, most developers of such tools create tests in the form of programs installed in the system. Running such software as an administrator allows for extensive system checks and detailed end results.

However, there are several online tools to test your computer's performance. Let's look at them in order.

WEB 3.0 BASEMARK - software for checking PC online

The testing products of the Finnish company BASEMARK are known to users all over the world. In addition to well-known stationary solutions, the company offers its users performance tests. The latter is called "" and is very popular on the network. At the same time, the company notes that the test is unofficial, so you should not particularly rely on its results.

Do the following:

Speed-battle.com - online computer speed testing

The resource offers its users a quick test of the system online. To work with it, just follow the link above, and the computer will estimate the speed of your PC in just a few seconds.

The results obtained can be compared with the indicators below "Average" (average), "Best" (best), "Poorest" (lowest).

Speed-battle test scores

Scratch.mit.edu - online computer CPU performance test

The resource is a project of the Lifelong Kindergarten group at the MIT Media Lab, a laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the USA.

Among the various possibilities of the resource, there is also an online CPU speed test, which we will use:

How to determine the speed of the Internet

The list of network resources for testing a computer would not be complete without a variety of services for checking Internet speed.

• Speedtest.net is the world's most popular Internet speed test;
• Fast.com is another convenient service;
• Yandex.ru/internet - a meter from Yandex;
• Testskorosti.ru is a national online speed test.

Programs for testing computer power

Nevertheless, the basis for calculating the performance of a PC is a variety of stationary programs recognized throughout the world. They are often paid in nature, created by professionals and allow you to check the performance of your PC under stressful loads.

Among these tools we would like to highlight the following:

Mac System Performance Checker

Conclusion

In our material, we have analyzed the list of tools that allow you to test the power and performance of a personal computer online. We also listed a number of stationary programs for Windows and Mac OS that are popular with users around the world. When conducting stress tests, keep in mind that overworking older PCs can cause them to fail. Therefore, it is necessary to be aware of the potential risks and use such services carefully, realizing the consequences of your steps.

Hello.

When working at a computer, sometimes there are various kinds of failures, errors, and getting to the bottom of the reason for their appearance without special software is not an easy task! In this help article, I want to place the best programs for testing and diagnosing a PC that will help in solving a wide variety of problems.

By the way, some of the programs can not only restore the computer's performance, but also "kill" Windows (you will have to reinstall the OS), or lead to overheating of the PC. Therefore, be careful with such utilities (experimenting without knowing what this or that function does is definitely not worth it).

Processor testing

Rice. 1. CPU-Z main window

A free program for determining all the characteristics of the processor: name, core type and stepping, connector used, support for certain multimedia instructions, cache memory size and parameters. There is a portable version that does not require installation.

By the way, processors of even the same name may differ somewhat: for example, different cores with different steppings. Some of the information can be found on the processor cover, but usually it is far hidden in the system unit and it is not easy to get to it.

Another not unimportant advantage of this utility is its ability to create a text report. In turn, such a report can be useful when solving a variety of problems with a problem with a PC. I recommend having a similar utility in your arsenal!

One of the most used utilities, at least on my computer. Allows you to solve a wide range of tasks:

Startup control (removing everything superfluous from startup);

Monitor the temperature of the processor, hard drive, video card;

Obtaining summary information on the computer and on any of its "piece of iron" in particular. Information can be indispensable when searching for drivers for rare hardware:

In general, in my humble opinion, this is one of the best system utilities that contains everything you need. By the way, many experienced users are familiar with the predecessor of this program - Everest (by the way, they are very similar).

One of the best programs for testing the health of the processor and RAM of a computer. The program is based on complex mathematical calculations that can completely and permanently load even the most powerful processor!

By the way, the program works in all popular Windows operating systems today: XP, 7, 8, 10.

Temperature monitoring and analysis

Temperature is one performance metric that can tell you a lot about a PC's reliability. The temperature is usually measured in three PC components: processor, hard drive and video card (it is they who most often overheat).

By the way, the AIDA 64 utility measures the temperature quite well (about it above in the article, I also recommend this link :).

speedfan

This small utility can not only control the temperature of hard drives and the processor, but also help to adjust the speed of the coolers. On some PCs, they make a lot of noise, thus annoying the user. Moreover, you can reduce their rotation speed without harm to the computer (adjusting the rotation speed is recommended for experienced users, operation may cause the PC to overheat!).

Core Temp

A small program that measures the temperature directly from the processor sensor (bypassing extra ports). According to the accuracy of the readings - one of the best of its kind!

Programs for overclocking and monitoring the operation of a video card

By the way, for those who want to speed up a video card without using third-party utilities (i.e., no overclocking and no risks), I recommend that you read the articles on fine-tuning video cards:

Rice. 6. Riva tuner

A once very popular utility for fine-tuning Nvidia video cards. Allows you to overclock an Nvidia video card both through standard drivers and "directly", working with hardware. That is why, you should work with it carefully, not going too far with the settings (especially if you have not had experience with such utilities yet).

Also, this utility can help with resolution settings (its blocking is useful in many games), frame rate (not relevant for modern monitors).

By the way, the program has its own “basic” settings for drivers, the registry for certain cases of work (for example, when starting a game, the utility can switch the video card operating mode to the required one).

Rice. 7. ATITool - main window

A very interesting program for overclocking ATI and nVIDIA video cards. It has automatic overclocking functions, as well as a special algorithm for "loading" the video card in three-dimensional mode (see Fig. 7, above).

When testing in 3D mode, you can find out the amount of FPS a video card gives out with one or another fine-tuning, as well as immediately notice artifacts and defects in the graphics (by the way, this moment means that it is dangerous to overclock the video card further). In general, an indispensable tool when trying to overclock a graphics adapter!

Restoring information in case of accidental deletion or formatting

Quite a large and extensive topic, deserving a whole separate article (and not just one). On the other hand, it would be wrong not to include it in this article. Therefore, here, in order not to repeat myself and not to increase the size of this article to "huge" sizes, I will only provide links to my other articles on this topic.

Recovery of Word documents -

Determination of a malfunction (primary diagnosis) of a hard drive by sound:

A huge directory of the most popular data recovery programs:

RAM testing

Also, the topic is quite extensive and can not be described in a nutshell. Usually, in case of problems with RAM, the PC behaves as follows: freezes, ““ appear, spontaneous reboot, etc. For more details, see the link below.

Hard drive analysis and testing

Analysis of the occupied space on the hard disk -

Slows down the hard drive, analysis and search for causes -

Checking the hard drive for operability, searching for bads -

Cleaning the hard drive from temporary files and "garbage" -

That's all I have today. I would be grateful for additions and recommendations on the topic of the article. Good luck with your PC.

TOP programs for computer diagnostics

Again the computer became faulty, but you do not know what the problem is? Maybe you are considering selling your hardware, but it takes a very long time to collect information with built-in applications, and you would like to find a solution faster and easier? Then you can pay attention to programs for computer diagnostics. We have compiled a small rating, all of them have already shown themselves to be reliable and fast help, so we can recommend them for work.

pivot table

Why is it necessary to monitor your PC system?

Any computer and laptop is a complex machine that performs many processes every second from displaying a picture on the screen to writing a letter pressed on the keyboard. That is why it is important to constantly monitor the status of your device, noticing problems that arise in work in time, because one incorrectly working element can break the operation of the entire machine.

Programs that conduct a complete diagnosis of the entire PC help track incorrect operation.. As an example, they can determine how much memory is installed on your laptop, as well as the type of memory and the number of slots. Why do you need this information?

The computer wizard will say that this will help find a new, more suitable RAM. With the new data, you will be able to understand whether you need to change the motherboard, whether to add memory, whether to install a more powerful processor, whether to buy an additional hard drive. Some utilities will monitor processor temperatures to tell you if thermal paste needs replacing to prevent overheating. In general, all diagnostic type applications will help you find out why your PC or any particular installed program is not working. To understand which utility to install for you, it remains to learn more about each of our ratings.

Diagnostic Highlights

Inexperienced PC users are sure that they cannot cope with the problems that have arisen, and immediately run to computer wizards and service centers without trying to figure it out on their own. However, it is enough to find out what problems may occur with your computer in order to find out what the problem is and solve it on your own.

The following can interfere with the operation of a computer or laptop:

• Overheating of microcircuits and connectors due to their dusting
• Strong oxidation of contacts
• Incorrect grounding
• Unstable power supply
• Overheating of PC components due to excessive cooling
• Burnout of components due to overvoltage or power surge

The reports that any utility will issue will tell you exactly where non-standard parameters are observed. Also, if the situation is clearly beyond your power, you can take the diagnostic result to the master or send it by e-mail.

If you have observed incorrect operation of only one element, then it is worth downloading a utility whose work is aimed at analyzing its performance. For example, for video cards, it is important that the benchmark still evaluates the performance of the PC. And to analyze the operation of hard drives, you will have to compare the results with the characteristics of drives on other devices.

Description of programs for diagnostics: top 12 leaders

We have selected all the necessary tools presented on the Internet. Programs have different purposes and diverse functionality, you just have to find the best option for you. Remember that sometimes you need to install several programs at once in order to conduct not only a general scan of the computer, but testing and comparison with analogues.

AIDA64

Tariff plans utility

AIDA64

It often stands on the devices of specialists and computer masters, because it provides comprehensive and reliable information about components, OS, other installed programs, network and external devices. This program conducts both a complete computer diagnostics, collecting the necessary system data, but tests individual elements, including RAM, helping to configure the settings for optimal operation.

This utility will be very convenient for those who are not too versed in hardware: all the information provided is located on the right side of a separate panel, besides, it is intuitively structured according to the main parameters.

This utility is good because it performs the functions of a benchmark – that is, it determines the power of the processor and video card and gives a comparison with the data of other models. She also knows how to determine the installed drivers and even look for their latest versions, if necessary.

AIDA64 gives you the ability to monitor the system in real time to monitor the load on the key nodes of the system. Review reports are issued as a document that can be saved in any format. The reports themselves, as well as the program interface, are translated into Russian, which will allow even an amateur to work with the program. By the way, you can install AIDA64 not only on any version of Windows, but also on mobile gadgets on Android, iOS and Windows Phone platforms. Unfortunately, the utility is not free, but it has a demo version, albeit a rather limited one.

Speccy

Official site

Speccy

Now Speccy is the most effective program for obtaining detailed reports on the operation of the system, although it has not yet gained much popularity on the Internet. It is free and supported on all Windows models from XP to 10. This utility allows you to find out the necessary data about the processor, memory, video card, hard drive and the installed operating system, and it provides information complete and in an extremely convenient form, so that even a beginner will figure it out. For example, you can use it to see the number of RAM slots and decide if you need to upgrade your PC.

Importantly, Speccy not only helps to obtain information from temperature sensors, but also suggests ways to correct connection errors or simply install a ventilation system.

The program works in such a way that when it starts, it scans the entire computer. It weighs very little, so we recommend downloading it, even if you don’t need it right now: it will allow you to control PC heating, quickly make a list of components, and even monitor the list of drivers you need to install.

The data, by the way, is saved in TXT and XML formats, so in case of a breakdown, you can show the report to the master. Do not forget that the Speccy developers are the creators of CCleaner and Defraggler, which in itself is a guarantee of quality and stable operation.

HWiNFO

Program website

HWiNFO

HWiNFO is a program used mainly by professionals and hardware experts. It is necessary for anyone who digs into the depths of the hardware, because it gives out all the information about each important element. In addition to PC analysis, it is suitable for obtaining data on outdated equipment, old BIOSes, video cards, and more. It also helps to compare the performance of hardware components not only with standard indicators, but also with the characteristics of popular analogues.

The main functionality of the utility includes:

• Recognition of microprocessors with the definition of their parameters
• FSB Frequency Calculation
• Processor, memory and disk testing
• Getting information about the motherboard and BIOS
• Reading information from SPD
• Identification of a large set of video accelerators

And this is not a complete list of features. In general, HWiNFO allows you to get information about almost everything except, perhaps, drivers. She saves all received data in a log. so that they can be retrieved and used later. By the way, you can constantly track the parameters of some element by setting the icons in the tray.

CPU-Z

Official site

CPU-Z

This is a simple free program., which allows you to quickly obtain important technical information about the main elements of your computer. The utility is distributed in two versions, which differ in the need for installation, but in terms of performance, they are approximately the same.

CPU-Z can determine:

• Model, number of cores, architecture and processor socket
• CPU voltage, frequency, cache and multiplier
• Make and model of the motherboard
• BIOS version and memory type
• Volume, type and frequency of RAM
• Name, type and volume of video card

The main plus for Russian speakers is the ability to obtain accurate characteristics in Russian. Of course, the design of CPU-Z is quite poor, but for applications of this type it is not important, and minimalism does not complicate the perception of information.

The only real disadvantage is the inability to determine the temperature of the processors. But in contrast, there is a good computer scanning speed and the reliability of the utility.

HWMonitor

Program website

HWMonitor

Simple, clear and most importantly absolutely free utility.

With which you can monitor the readings of temperature sensors motherboard, CPU temperature, hard disk temperature, circuit voltage.

As well as the capacity of the battery and the degree of wear. The program shows three graphs minimum, average and peak value.

performance test

Official site

performance test

This tool is slightly different from the previous options - this is a set of tests for evaluating PC performance. As a result of each test, the program collects characteristics that it compares with those of similar devices. The latest version of this utility contains 27 functions that differ in relation to a specific category. Several can be distinguished:

• For the processor - compression, encryption and calculation speed
• For a video card, which assesses the quality of displaying two- and three-dimensional graphics and animation, as well as compatibility with DirectX and its analogues
• For a hard drive, where you can test writing, reading and speed of information retrieval
• For disk drives
• For RAM

There are many more functions, in addition, the user can create five of his own tests. By the way, the program saves test reports in many standard formats from HTML to Docx. They can be sent by email, or pasted into any text editor and printed.

The ability to import tests into another application and insert them into the site code is also very remarkable.. It is important to note that PerformanceTest is only shareware, but it can be easily downloaded and activated on many file hosting sites. It works on all versions of Windows from XP to 10.

CrystalDiskMark

Program website

CrystalDiskMark

Another program designed to conduct tests, analyze the read and write speed of a hard drive. CrystalDiskMark uses test files ranging in size from 50 MB to 32 GB, and by running them, the utility reveals the average disk speed. To identify accurate performance indicators, it makes several checks at once, the number of which you personally specify before starting testing. In the settings section, you can choose the type of data, intervals between tests, queue sizes, and the number of threads.

The program is free, Russified and suitable for any version of Windows. It is quite small in size, so it downloads quickly and takes up almost no space.

CrystalDiskMark gives the results in a convenient way. Of course, the data on the average read and write speed of the “hard” is unlikely to be of interest to an amateur, but a professional can easily understand the reporting. By the way, the more tests the program conducts, the more average results you will get.

Information about the hard disk

Hi all. In today's article, we will talk about a complete diagnosis of all devices in your computer. I will show and tell you how to independently diagnose a computer and all its component devices:

• HDD.
• RAM.
• Video card.
• Motherboard.
  
• CPU.
• Power unit.

We will check all this in this article and for each of the computer devices I will make a video in which I will clearly show how to diagnose a particular device.

In addition, by diagnostics, you will be able to determine whether it is worth it for you to completely change the device or you can repair it, we will also analyze the main sores of devices that can be determined without diagnostics. Well, let's start with the most important question of interest to everyone - the diagnosis of the HDD / SSD disk.

HDD and SSD disk diagnostics.

Disk diagnostics are done in two directions, they check the Smart systems of a hard or solid state drive and check the disk itself for bad or slow sectors in order to check the SMART HDD and SSD, we will use the program. You can download it from our website in the download section.

Well, now let's go directly to the disk diagnostics itself, after downloading the program, launch the file of the desired bitness and look at the main window if you see a blue icon with the signature good or in English good, then everything is in order with your SMART disk and further diagnostics can not be carried out.

If you see a yellow or red icon with caution, bad inscriptions, then there is some problem with your disk. You can find out about the exact problem below in the list of basic SMART diagnostic items. Wherever there are yellow and red icons opposite the inscription, it will indicate that your disk has suffered in this part.

If you have already exhausted the resource of the disk, then it is no longer worth repairing it. If you have found several broken sectors, then there is still the possibility of repair. I will talk about the repair of bad sectors later. If the disk has a lot of bad sectors, more than 10 or a lot of very slow sectors, then you should not restore such a disk. After a while, it will still fall further, it will need to be constantly restored / repaired.

Software disk repair.

By repair, I mean the relocation of bad and slow sectors on the disk. This instruction is only suitable for HDD drives, that is, only hard drive. For SSD, this operation will not help in any way, but will only worsen the condition of the solid state drive.

Repair will help extend the life of your hard drive a little more. To restore bad sectors, we will use the HDD regenerator program. Download and run this program, wait until the program collects data about your drives after the data is collected, you will see a window in which you will need to click on the inscription - Click here to bad sectors on demaget drive surfase directly under Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8 and 10. You need to click on the inscription quickly in OS 8 and 10, so the window will quickly disappear, in 7 everything is fine. Then press NO. Then select your drive from the list. Press the start process button. A command line window will appear in which you will need to press 2, Enter, 1, Enter.

After the performed operations, the system will start scanning for bad sectors and moving them to unreadable disk partitions. In fact, bad sectors do not disappear, but in the future they do not interfere with the operation of the system and you can continue to use the disk further. The process of checking and restoring the disk may take a long time, depending on the size of your disk. At the end of the program, press the button 5 and Enter. If you have any errors while testing and fixing bad sectors, then your disk cannot be recovered. If you have found more than 10 bad sectors, then restoring such a disk does not make sense, there will always be problems with it.

The main signs of disk failure are:

Video on how to diagnose HDD / SSD:

RAM Diagnostics

This time we will run a memory diagnostic. There are several options in which you can check the RAM, this is when your computer still turns on and somehow works, and when you can’t turn on the computer anymore, only the BIOS is loaded.
The main signs that the RAM is not working:

• When loading resource-intensive applications, the computer freezes or restarts.
• With prolonged use of the computer, more than 2 hours, Windows starts to slow down, with an increase in time, the slowdown increases.
• When installing any programs, you cannot install them, the installation fails.
• Sound and visual jamming.

The first thing we will cover is how to check the RAM if your Windows boots. It's very simple, in any of the operating systems starting with Windows Vista, you can type the Windows memory test tool in the search. We launch the shortcut that appears as an administrator and see a message stating that you can reboot and start checking right now or schedule a check the next time you turn on the computer. Choose the value you need. After the computer restarts, you will immediately automatically start the RAM test. It will be carried out in standard mode, wait until the end of the test and you will find out if everything is in order with your RAM. In addition, after you have already loaded Windows, in the event viewer section you can open the Windows logs, select the System item and find the memory diagnostic event in the list on the right. In this event, you will see all the information about the diagnostics performed. Based on this information, you can find out if the RAM is working.
The next option for diagnosing RAM is if you cannot boot Windows. To do this, you need to write the program to a disk or to a bootable USB flash drive and run it from the BIOS. In the window that appears, a test to check the RAM (RAM) will be automatically launched. Wait until the end of the test and if there are any problems with your memory, the test window will change from blue to red. This will indicate defects or damage to the RAM. That's all, you have learned - how to diagnose RAM.

Video on how to check the RAM:

Video card diagnostics

The main signs of a defective video card:

• Computer throws blue screen of death.
• Artifacts appear on the screen - multi-colored dots, stripes or rectangles.
• When downloading games, the computer freezes or restarts.
• With prolonged use of the computer in the game, performance decreases, the game starts to lag.
• Video jamming, video playback failure, problems with the flash player.
  
• Lack of smoothing in text and when rewinding documents or web pages.
• Changing colors.

All these are signs of some kind of video card defects. Testing a video card should be divided into two stages: checking the graphics chip and checking the memory of the video card.

Checking the graphics chip of the video card (GPU)

To check the graphics chip, you can use various programs that put a load on this chip and detect failures under critical load. We will use the program and FurMark.
We launch Aida at the bottom in the tray near the clock, right-click and select the system stability test. in the window that appears, check the box next to GPU Stress Test. The test will run at the bottom you will see a graph of temperature changes, fan speed, and current consumption. To check, 20 minutes of the test is enough, if at this time the bottom field with the graph turns red or the computer restarts, then there are problems with your video card.
We start OCCT. Go to the GPU 3D tab, do not change the settings and press the ON button. Next, a window will appear with a fluffy donut, which is a visual test. The test will take 15-20 minutes. I recommend monitoring the temperature and monitoring the power readings, if multi-colored dots, stripes or rectangles appear on the screen, this will indicate that there is a problem with the video card. If the computer turns off spontaneously, this will also indicate a defective video card.
Now we have analyzed the diagnostics of the video card processor, but sometimes there are problems with the memory of the video card too.

Video card memory diagnostics

For this diagnosis, we will use the program. Unpack the program and run it as administrator. In the window that appears, check the box next to the inscription signal if there are errors and press the start button. A check of the RAM of the video card will be launched if any errors are found with the memory, the program will emit a characteristic sound signal, on some computers the signal will be a system one.
That's all, now you can do video card diagnostics yourself. Check the GPU and memory of the video card.

Video on checking the video card:

Motherboard Diagnostics

The main signs of a motherboard malfunction:

• The computer knocks out the blue screen of death, reboots and turns off.
  
• The computer freezes without restarting.
  
• The cursor, music and video (friezes) stick.
  
• Connected devices disappear - HDD / SSD, drive, USB drives.
  
• Ports, USB and network connectors do not work.
• The computer does not turn on, does not start, does not boot.
• The computer is slow, often slows down or freezes.
• The motherboard makes various sounds.

Visual inspection of the motherboard

The first thing to do to diagnose the motherboard is to conduct a visual inspection of the motherboard. What you need to pay attention to:

• Chips and cracks - in the presence of such damage, the motherboard will not turn on at all or will turn on after a time.
• Swollen capacitors - due to swollen capacitors, the computer can turn on with 3, 5, 10 attempts or after a certain time, it can also go out for no reason and slow down.
  
• Oxidation - the computer can turn on after a time, slow down. It may not turn on at all if the tracks are completely oxidized.
• Warmed chips, microchips will have small burning points or holes - because of this, the computer may not turn on or ports, network cards, sound or USB will not work.
• Scratches on the tracks - the same as with chipped cracks.
• Burn around chips and ports - leads to the complete inoperability of the motherboard or its individual parts.

Software diagnostics of the motherboard

If your computer turns on and Windows boots, but there are incomprehensible glitches and slowdowns, you should do software diagnostics of the motherboard using the program. Download and install the program, run it, at the bottom in the tray near the clock on its icon, right-click and select "service" - "system stability test". Check the boxes next to Stress CPU, Stress FPU, Stress cache, remove the rest of the checkboxes. We press the "Start" button, the computer will freeze, the test will begin. During the test, monitor the temperature of the processor and motherboard, as well as power. The test is carried out for a minimum of 20 minutes, a maximum of 45 minutes. If during the test the bottom field turns red or the computer goes out, then the motherboard is faulty. Also, the shutdown may be due to the processor, uncheckStress CPU and check again. If you find overheating, then you need to check the cooling system of the motherboard and processor. with power fluctuations, there may be problems with both the motherboard and the power supply.

If the computer starts but Windows does not boot, you can check the mainland through the boot test. It must be written to a disk or flash drive. I'll show you how to use it in more detail in the video.

Diagnostics of the power supply unit (PSU)

The main symptoms of a power supply failure:

• The computer does not turn on at all.
• The computer starts for 2-3 seconds and stops working.
• The computer turns on from 5-10-25 times.
• Under load, the computer goes dead, reboots or throws out a blue screen of death.
• When under load, the computer slows down a lot.
• Devices connected to the computer spontaneously disconnect and reconnect (screws, drives, USB devices).
• Squeak (whistling) during computer operation.
• Unnatural noise from the PSU fan.

Visual inspection of the PSU

The first thing to do if the power supply fails is to make a visual inspection. We disconnect the PSU from the case and disassemble the PSU itself. We check for:

• Cinder, melted PSU elements - we look that all the elements are intact, if you find a cinder or something obviously melted, we carry the PSU for repair or change it to a new one.
• Swollen capacitors - replace swollen capacitors with new ones. Because of them, the computer may not turn on the first time or go out under load.
• Dust - if dust is clogged in the fan and radiators, it must be cleaned, because of this, the PSU in the load may turn off due to overheating.
• Blown fuse - a fuse often burns when there is a voltage drop, it must be replaced.

We checked everything, but the power supply is behaving badly, we look.

PSU software diagnostics

Software diagnostics of the power supply can be carried out using any test program that gives the maximum load on the PSU. Before doing such a check, you need to determine whether all the elements of your PC have enough power from the power supply. You can check this as follows: run the AIDA 64 program link above and go to the site for calculating the required PSU power. On the site, we transfer the data from Aida to the appropriate fields and press the Calculate button. So we will be sure exactly how much power the power supply is enough for the computer.

We proceed to the diagnosis of PD itself. We download the program. Install and run it. Go to the Power Supply tab. check the box to use all logical cores (does not work on all computers) and press the ON button. The test lasts an hour and if at this time the computer turns off, restarts, knocks out a blue screen, there are problems with the power supply unit (Before checking the power supply unit, you must first check the video card and processor in order to avoid the test being incorrect).

I won’t show how to make a PSU diagnostic with a multimeter, because there is a lot of this information on the network, and it’s better for professionals to do such diagnostics. I will show more testing of the PSU in the video below: