Properties of information. What should be any signal carrying information Which of the listed processes cannot be called information

Option 1

1. What does computer science study?

a) the design of the computer;

b) ways of presentation, accumulation of information processing using technical means;

c) computer programs;

d) general school disciplines.

2. On what property of information will its deliberate distortion be reflected?

a) comprehensibility;

b) relevance

c) reliability;

d) completeness.

3. Select events that can be attributed to information processes:

a) exercise on a sports equipment;

b) roll call of those present at the lesson;

c) waterfall;

d) riding a carousel.

4. Which of the following has the ability to transmit information?

a) stone;

b) water;

c) papyrus;

d) light beam.

5. Which of the following is involved in the information process?

a) sand;

b) house;

c) stone;

d) a person.

6. What property do objects have: bell, speech, fire, radio, e-mail?

a) store information;

b) process information;

c) transmit information;

d) create information.

7. What is an information explosion?

a) daily news from hot spots;

b) an increased number of newspapers and magazines;

c) the rapid growth of flows and volumes of information;

d) communication via the Internet.

8. Cybernetics is:

a) the science of artificial intelligence;

b) the science of the laws governing the processes of control and transmission of information in machines, living organisms and society;

c) computer science;

d) the science of the forms and laws of human thinking.

9. What object cannot serve as a carrier of information during its storage?

a) fabric;

b) paper;

c) magnetic materials;

d) a ray of light.

10. A person receives information:

a) magnetic field;

b) the sense organ;

c) internal organs;

d) instrumental means.

11. Information culture of a society presupposes:

a) knowledge of modern software products;

b) knowledge of foreign languages ​​and their application;

c) the ability to work with information using technical means;

d) the ability to remember a large amount of information.

12. Data is:

a) individual facts characterizing objects, processes, phenomena;

b) identified patterns in a specific subject area;

c) a set of information necessary to organize the activities of the enterprise;

d) registered signals.

13. What is a graphical form of presentation of mathematical information:

a) mathematical equation;

b) function graph;

c) a table of function values;

d) mathematical expression.

Test on the topic: “Information. Information Processes "

Option 2

1. What is the object of studying computer science?

a) computer;

b) information processes;

c) computer programs;

d) general school disciplines.

2. What should be any signal carrying information?

a) changing;

b) continuous;

c) light;

d) electric.

3. How does a person convey information?

a) magnetic field;

b) speech, gestures;

c) light signals;

d) X-ray radiation.

4. Which of the following processes cannot be called an information process?

a) weighing information;

b) information coding;

c) information storage;

d) information processing.

5. Which of the following does not have the ability to store information?

a) paper;

b) electronic current;

c) magnetic diskette;

d) papyrus.

6. What property do objects have: a door lock, a computer, a person?

a) objective;

b) relevant;

c) available;

d) reliable.

7. What is the name of the information reflecting the true state of affairs?

a) a diskette with games;

b) a book;

c) geographical map;

d) sound card.

8. Informatization of society is:

a) the process of ubiquitous distribution of PCs;

b) socio - economic and scientific - technical process of creating optimal conditions to meet the information needs of citizens;

c) the process of introducing new information technologies;

d) the process of forming a person's information culture.

9. On the information services market, the following are subject to exchange and sale:

a) licenses, information technology;

b) equipment, premises;

c) forms of primary documents, computers;

d) books, magazines, literature.

10. What is science?

a) acquiring knowledge at school?

b) the use of knowledge of working with a computer in practice;

c) the acquisition of knowledge about the surrounding world, previously unknown to mankind;

d) the acquisition of knowledge about the methods of presentation, processing, accumulation of information using a computer.

11. What concept unites stone, papyrus, birch bark, book and floppy disk?

a) natural origin;

b) historical value;

c) information storage;

d) weight.

12. The word "information" in translation from Latin means:

a) informativeness;

b) information;

c) latest news;

d) reducing uncertainty.

13. What is a symbolic form of representation of mathematical information?

a) mathematical equation;

b) function graph;

c) diagram;

d) oral formulation of the problem.

Lesson№15

date24.11.2015

Class 10

Informatics and ICT Lesson Outline

Lesson topic: Test work number 1

Purpose: checking the knowledge, skills and abilities of students on the topic.

Lesson type: lesson in control of knowledge, skills and abilities.

During the classes

1. Organizational moment

Greetings, checking those present.

2. Test work on the topic: “Information. Information Processes "

Option 1

1. What does computer science study?

a) the design of the computer;

b) ways of presentation, accumulation of information processing using technical means;

c) computer programs;

d) general school disciplines.

2. On what property of information will its deliberate distortion be reflected?

a) comprehensibility;

b) relevance

c) reliability;

d) completeness.

3. Select events that can be attributed to information processes:

a) exercise on a sports equipment;

b) roll call of those present at the lesson;

c) waterfall;

d) riding a carousel.

4. Which of the following has the ability to transmit information?

a) stone;

b) water;

c) papyrus;

d) light beam.

5. Which of the following is involved in the information process?

a) sand;

b) house;

c) stone;

d) a person.

6. What property do objects have: bell, speech, fire, radio, e-mail?

a) store information;

b) process information;

c) transmit information;

d) create information.

7. What is an information explosion?

a) daily news from hot spots;

b) an increased number of newspapers and magazines;

c) the rapid growth of flows and volumes of information;

d) communication via the Internet.

8. Cybernetics is:

a) the science of artificial intelligence;

b) the science of the laws governing the processes of control and transmission of information in machines, living organisms and society;

c) computer science;

d) the science of the forms and laws of human thinking.

9. What object cannot serve as a carrier of information during its storage?

a) fabric;

b) paper;

c) magnetic materials;

d) a ray of light.

10. A person receives information:

a) magnetic field;

b) the sense organ;

c) internal organs;

d) instrumental means.

11. Information culture of a society presupposes:

a) knowledge of modern software products;

b) knowledge of foreign languages ​​and their application;

c) the ability to work with information using technical means;

d) the ability to remember a large amount of information.

12. Data is:

a) individual facts characterizing objects, processes, phenomena;

b) identified patterns in a specific subject area;

c) a set of information necessary to organize the activities of the enterprise;

d) registered signals.

13. What is a graphical form of presentation of mathematical information:

a) mathematical equation;

b) function graph;

c) a table of function values;

d) mathematical expression.

Ic= K * IsorIc= K * i

15. A group of schoolchildren came to the pool, which has 4 swimming lanes. The coach said that the group will be swimming on lane 3. How much information did the students get from this message?

2 bits

16. The message that your friend lives on the 10th floor carries 4 bits of information. How many floors are there in the house?

16 etazhey

17. Convert to bits: 57 KB, 57 MB, 57 Gigabytes.

57*2 13 bit466944

57*2 23 bit478150656

57*2 33 bit489626271744

18. The alphabet of some sign system consists of 128 characters ( N ). How much information will a sentence of 56 characters contain ( Ic )? Write the answer in bytes.

i= 7 bits

Ic= 392 bits = 49 bytes

Option 2

1. What is the object of studying computer science?

a) computer;

b) information processes;

c) computer programs;

d) general school disciplines.

2. What should be any signal carrying information?

a) changing;

b) continuous;

c) light;

d) electric.

3. How does a person convey information?

a) magnetic field;

b) speech, gestures;

c) light signals;

d) X-ray radiation.

4. Which of the following processes cannot be called an information process?

a) weighing information;

b) information coding;

c) information storage;

d) information processing.

5. Which of the following does not have the ability to store information?

a) paper;

b) electronic current;

c) magnetic diskette;

d) papyrus.

6. What property do objects have: a door lock, a computer, a person?

a) objective;

b) relevant;

c) available;

d) reliable.

7. What is the name of the information reflecting the true state of affairs?

a) a diskette with games;

b) a book;

c) geographical map;

d) sound card.

8. Informatization of society is:

a) the process of ubiquitous distribution of PCs;

b) socio - economic and scientific - technical process of creating optimal conditions to meet the information needs of citizens;

c) the process of introducing new information technologies;

d) the process of forming a person's information culture.

9. On the information services market, the following are subject to exchange and sale:

a) licenses, information technology;

b) equipment, premises;

c) forms of primary documents, computers;

d) books, magazines, literature.

10. What is science?

a) acquiring knowledge at school?

b) the use of knowledge of working with a computer in practice;

c) the acquisition of knowledge about the surrounding world, previously unknown to mankind;

d) the acquisition of knowledge about the methods of presentation, processing, accumulation of information using a computer.

11. What concept unites stone, papyrus, birch bark, book and floppy disk?

a) natural origin;

b) historical value;

c) information storage;

d) weight.

12. The word "information" in translation from Latin means:

a) informativeness;

b) information;

c) latest news;

d) reducing uncertainty.

13. What is a symbolic form of representation of mathematical information?

a) mathematical equation;

b) function graph;

c) diagram;

d) oral formulation of the problem.

14. How to determine the number of information messages (uncertainty of knowledge - N )?

N = 2i

15. A telegram was received: "Meet, car number 7". It is known that the train has 16 carriages. How much information was received?

4 bits

16. The message that Petya lives in the second entrance carries 3 bits of information. How many entrances are there in the house?

8 entrances

17. Convert to bits: 51 KB, 51 MB, 51 Gigabytes.

51*2 13 bit417792

51*2 23 bit427819008

51*2 33 bit438086664192

18. The alphabet of some sign system consists of 256 characters ( N ). How much information will a sentence of 40 characters contain ( Ic )? Write the answer in bytes.

i= 8 bits

Ic= 320 bits = 40 bytes

3. Lesson summary

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Differentiated credit

Option number 1

1. What does computer science study?

A) the design of the computer;

C) computer programs;

D) general school disciplines.

D) completeness.

2. Depending on the way the numbers are displayed, the number systems are divided into:

A) Arabic and Roman;

B) positional and non-positional;

B) representation in the form of a discharge grid

3. A declarative sentence in which something is affirmed or denied,

called:

A) expression; C) utterance;

B) a question; D) Inference.

4. When you turn off the computer, all information is erased:

A) on a floppy disk; B) on the hard disk;

B) on a CD-ROM; D) in RAM.

B) example.doc D) example: doc

6. Name C: has:

B) CD-ROM drive; D) file.

7. The utility is:

8. When you turn on the computer, the processor calls:

A) RAM; C) ROM;

B) hard drive; D) a floppy disk.

D) diagram.

10. In a text editor, the main parameters when setting paragraph parameters

are ...

A) typeface, size, style B) indent, spacing

B) margins, orientation D) style, pattern

12. File path specifiedC:\ DOC\ PROBA. TXT:

a) DOC c) C: \ DOC \ PROBA.TXT

b) PROBA.TXT e) C: \ DOC

13.

– – – – – – – –

Define the text of the radiogram.

13.

mathematical, biological

14.Specify the correct sequence of units of information

a) bit, byte, GB, MB

b) byte, KB, MB, GB

c) bit, byte, KB, GB

15. Insert the missing word

16. Local computer networks on the basis of "network topology" are subdivided into

a) real, artificial

c) wired, wireless

17. To set field values ​​for a new document in MS Word

necessary

b) Select the Paragraph command from the Format menu

c) Select the Page settings command from the File menu, in the window that appears, set the required attributes

18. Select the correct formula entry for the spreadsheet

19.Convert the number 217 from decimal to binary

20. Convert the number 1001101 from binary to decimal

Group _____ Full name _________________________

Differentiated credit

Option number 2

1. What is the object of studying computer science?

A) computer; C) computer programs;

B) information processes; D) general school disciplines.

2. The number system is:

3. Which device has the fastest communication speed?

A) CD-ROM drive; B) floppy disk drive;

B) hard drive; D) chips of random access memory.

4. The scanner is:

A) information processing device; C) a device for inputting information from paper;

5. What are the correct file names:

A) an example ?. Doc B) example text. Doc

B) example.txt d)? Example ?. doc

6. Name A: has:

A) floppy disk drive; B) hard drive;

7. The driver is:

A) computer device; C) application program;

B) a program for working with computer devices; D) programming language.

D) somehow differently.

8. What is the most common name extension for text files?

9. A computer that provides its resources for the use of other computers when working together is called:

A) adapter; B) station; E) client-server.

B) a switch; D) server;

10. The path to the file is setC:\ DOC\ UROK. TXT:

a) C: \ DOC c) C: \ DOC \ UROK.TXT

b) UROK.TXT e) DOC

– – – – – – – – – – – –

During the transmission of the radiogram, the division into letters was lost, but it is known that only the following letters were used in the radiogram:

Define the text of the radiogram.

12. Establish correspondences between actions

			Data processing
			Information creation
	The professor wrote an article		Data storage
	The newspaper contains a note		Transfer of information

13. Complete the sentence:

14. The algorithm is

d) a set of commands for a computer

e) clear and accurate prescription of actions aimed at achieving the set actions.

15. Please indicatenamefile

16. What will be the value of cell C1, if you enter the formula = A1-B1 into it

__________

	[email protected]		Attach file field
			"To" field
	Independent work		Subject field
			The field "Text of the letter"

19.Convert the number 240 from decimal to binary

20. Convert the number 1101100 from binary to decimal

Group _____ Full name _________________________

Differentiated credit

Option number 3

1. On what property of information will its deliberate distortion be reflected?

A) comprehensibility; C) reliability;

B) relevance; D) completeness.

2.the science that studies the laws and forms of thinking is called:

A) algebra; C) philosophy;

B) geometry; D) logic.

3. Specify the computer device performing information processing:

B) monitor; D) keyboard.

D) in RAM.

4. Specify devices that are not input devices:

A) keyboard; B) monitor;

B) mouse; D) scanner.

5. Folders can store:

6. The complex of system and utility programs is called:

A) text editor; C) operating system;

B) graphic editor; D) driver.

7. BIOS is:

C) program - application

D) a program that performs testing of a computer system after turning on the computer;

8. A set of hardware and software tools that allow computers to exchange data:

A) computer network; B) interface;

B) highway; D) adapters

D) switch.

9. The modem is:

A) device, programs;

B) computer program;

B) software, computer;

D) device, disk drive;

E) device, computer;

10. Specify the correct way to write the formula expression in the document

Excel programs ...

A) = 50 $ 100 B) = A3 * B3

B) = A3 / 100A D) = 50: 100

11. A computer connected to the Internet must have:

12. File path specifiedC:\ DOC\ TEST. TXT:

What is the name of the directory where the TEST.TXT file is located

a) C: \ DOC \ TEST.TXT c) DOC

b) TEST.TXT e) C: \ DOC

13. The following encrypted radio message was received from the scout,

transmitted using Morse code:

– – – – – – – –

During the transmission of the radiogram, the division into letters was lost, but it is known that only the following letters were used in the radiogram:

Define the text of the radiogram.

14. Establish correspondences between actions

	Student uses textbooks to write term paper		Information creation
			Data processing
	The professor wrote an article		Data storage
	The newspaper contains a note		Transfer of information

15. According to the way a person perceives information, the following types of information are distinguished

text, numeric, graphic,

everyday, production, technical, managerial

visual, sound, tactile, olfactory, gustatory

mathematical, biological

16.Specify the correct sequence of information units

a) bit, byte, KB, GB

b) byte, KB, MB, GB

c) bit, byte, GB, MB

17. Insert the missing word

A file is a sequence of characters added to a name to identify its type.

18.What will be the value of cell C1 if you enter the formula = A1 * B1 into it

__________

19. Convert number 342 from decimal to binary

20.Convert 110101 from Binary to Decimal

Group _____ Full name _________________________

Differentiated credit

Option number 4

1. How does a person convey information?

A) magnetic field; B) light signals;

B) speech, gestures; D) X-ray radiation.

A) 1-8; B) 0-9; B) 0-7.

3. The characteristic property of RAM is:

A) volatility; C) rewriting information;

B) non-volatility; D) long-term storage of information.

4... The file is:

5. Specify the file types. exe

A) text; C) executable;

B) graphic; D) video.

7. What character should a formula begin with in Excel?

A) = B) A C) space D) does not matter

9. Html- is an

A) a means of creating WEB-pages; C) programming system;

B) a graphic editor; D) database management system;

10. The path to the file is setC:\ DOC\ SHAG. TXT:

What is the name of the directory where the SHAG.TXT file is located

a) C: \ DOC c) DOC

b) SHAG.TXT d) C: \ DOC \ SHAG.TXT

11. The following encrypted radio message was received from the scout, transmitted using Morse code:

– – – – – – – – – – – –

During the transmission of the radiogram, the division into letters was lost, but it is known that only the following letters were used in the radiogram:

Define the text of the radiogram.

12. Complete the sentence:

“In the information society, the main resource is ______________

13. The algorithm is

a) rules for performing certain actions

b) directed graph, indicating the order of execution of a certain set of commands

c) clear and accurate prescription of actions aimed at achieving the set actions.

d) a set of commands for a computer

e) computer network protocol

14. Please indicatenamefile

A: \ WORK \ TEMP \ ASDF.TXT ____________________________

15. Local computer networks on the basis of "network topology" are subdivided into

a) real, artificial

b) networks such as "Star", "Bus", "Ring"

c) wired, wireless

16. To set field values ​​for a new document in MS Word

necessary

a) Select Templates from the File menu. In the window that appears, set the required attributes

17. Select the correct formula entry for the spreadsheet

18. What is meant by the term "Avatar" on the Internet

a) a sign in a schematic form that displays important recognizable features of the object

b) a set of test symbols used to identify the user

c) a system of signs for recording the quantitative characteristics of an object

d) the image used to personalize the user of any network resources

19.Convert the number 311 from decimal to binary

20. Convert the number 100101 from binary to decimal

Group _____ Full name _________________________

Differentiated credit

Option number 5

1. What does computer science study?

A) the design of the computer;

B) ways of presenting, accumulating, processing information using technical means;

C) computer programs;

D) general school disciplines.

2. On what property of information will its deliberate distortion be reflected?

A) reliability; C) comprehensibility;

B) relevance; D) completeness.

3.a declarative sentence in which something is affirmed or denied,

called:

A) expression; C) inference.

B) a question; D) statement;

4. Specify the computer device performing information processing:

A) external memory; B) processor;

B) monitor; D) keyboard.

5. What file names are composed, is correct:

A) "example" .doc B) doc ?. Example;

B) example.doc D) example: doc

6. Folders can store:

A) only files; C) files and folders;

B) only other folders; D) Windows windows

7. The utility is:

A) operating system; C) service program;

B) application program; D) basic input-output system.

8. BIOS is:

A) driver program; B) utility program;

C) a program that performs testing of the computer system after turning on the computer;

D) program - application.

9. The mailbox of an e-mail subscriber is:

A) a certain area of ​​the file server's RAM;

B) an area on the hard disk of the mail server, reserved for the user;

C) part of the memory on the hard disk of the workstation;

D) a special electronic device for storing text files.

10. The modem is:

A) device, programs;

B) computer program;

C) software, computer;

D) device, floppy drive;

E) device, computer;

11. Antivirus programs are ...

A) scanning and recognition programs

B) programs that detect and cure computer viruses

C) programs that only detect viruses

D) archiving programs, unarchiving programs

12. A computer connected to the Internet must have:

a) IP - address; c) home WEB - page;

b) WEB - page; d) domain name; e) URL - address.

13. File path specifiedC:\ DOC\ PROBA. TXT:

What is the name of the directory where the PROBA.TXT file is located

a) DOC c) C: \ DOC \ PROBA.TXT

b) PROBA.TXT e) C: \ DOC

14. The following encrypted radio message was received from the scout,

transmitted using Morse code:

– – – – – – – –

During the transmission of the radiogram, the division into letters was lost, but it is known that only the following letters were used in the radiogram:

Define the text of the radiogram.

15. According to the way a person perceives information, the following types of information are distinguished

text, numeric, graphic,

everyday, production, technical, managerial

visual, sound, tactile, olfactory, gustatory

mathematical, biological

16. Insert the missing word

A file is a sequence of characters added to a name to identify its type.

17. Local computer networks on the basis of "network topology" are subdivided into

a) real, artificial

b) networks such as "Star", "Bus", "Ring"

c) wired, wireless

18. What will be the value of cell C1 if you enter the formula = A1 + B1 into it

__________

19.Convert the number 112 from decimal to binary

20. Convert the number 1000101 from binary to decimal

Group _____ Full name _________________________

Differentiated credit

Option number 6

1. The number system is:

A) representation of numbers in exponential form;

B) representation of numbers with a constant comma position;

C) a sign system in which numbers are written according to certain rules using symbols of a certain alphabet.

2. Digits are used to represent numbers in octal:

A) 1-8; B) 0-9; B) 0-7.

3. The scanner is:

A) a device for inputting information from paper; C) information processing device;

B) information storage device; D) device for outputting information to paper

4... The file is:

A) unit of measurement of information;

B) the program in RAM;

C) the text printed on the printer;

D) a program or data on a disk that has a name.

5. Name A: has:

A) floppy disk drive; B) hard drive;

B) CD-ROM drive; D) file.

6. An operating system is:

A) application program; C) programming system;

B) system program; D) text editor.

7. What is the most common name extension for text files?

A) * .EXE B) * .BMP C) * .TXT D) * .COM

8. WinRar and WinZip programs are designed ...

A) for working with folders B) for working with files

B) for anti-virus processing D) for file compression

9. The path to the file is setC:\ DOC\ UROK. TXT:

What is the name of the directory where the UROK.TXT file is located

a) C: \ DOC c) C: \ DOC \ UROK.TXT

b) UROK.TXT e) DOC

10. The following encrypted radio message was received from the scout, transmitted using Morse code:

– – – – – – – – – – – –

During the transmission of the radiogram, the division into letters was lost, but it is known that only the following letters were used in the radiogram:

Define the text of the radiogram.

11. Complete the sentence:

“In the information society, the main resource is ______________

12. The algorithm is

a) computer network protocol

b) directed graph, indicating the order of execution of a certain set of commands

c) rules for performing certain actions

d) clear and accurate prescription of actions aimed at achieving the set

e) actions. a set of commands for the computer

13.Specify the correct sequence of information units

a) bit, byte, GB, MB

b) bit, byte, KB, GB

c) byte, KB, MB, GB

14. Specify a file name

A: \ WORK \ TEMP \ ASDF.TXT ____________________________

15. To set field values ​​for a new document in MS Word

necessary

a) Select Templates from the File menu. In the window that appears, set the required attributes

b) Select the Page settings command from the File menu, in the window that appears, set the required attributes

c) Select the Paragraph command from the Format menu

16. Select the correct formula entry for the spreadsheet

17. What is meant by the term "Avatar" on the Internet

a) a sign in a schematic form that displays important recognizable features of the object

b) a set of test symbols used to identify the user

c) a system of signs for recording the quantitative characteristics of an object

d) the image used to personalize the user of any network resources

18.Set the correspondence between the fields for creating a new letter in the mail client and their content.

	[email protected]		Attach file field
	I am sending an assignment for independent work. You need to complete it within a week		"To" field
	Independent work		Subject field
			The field "Text of the letter"

19. Convert number 352 from decimal to binary

20. Convert the number 1010101 from binary to decimal

	Option 1	Option 2	Option 3	Option 4	Option 5	Option 6
						Information
				Information
		information
	expansion
					Expansion
			Expansion

Like any object, information has properties. A characteristic distinguishing feature of information from other objects of nature and society is dualism : the properties of information are influenced by both the properties of the initial data that make up its content, and the properties of the methods that record this information. From the point of view of informatics, the following general qualitative properties seem to be the most important: objectivity, reliability, completeness, accuracy, relevance, usefulness, value, timeliness, comprehensibility, accessibility, brevity, etc.

Objectivity of information ... Objective - existing outside and independently of human consciousness. Information is a reflection of the external objective world. Information is objective if it does not depend on the methods of its fixation, someone's opinion, judgment.

Example... Let's compare two such concepts as information and energy, let's say heat. Let's ask two different people to estimate the room temperature. One may say that he is hot, while the other person is quite happy with this temperature regime. People's opinions about room temperature are subjective. If we measure the temperature with a device, in this case a thermometer, then we will receive an objective assessment that does not depend on someone's opinion. The information is the same.

Objective information can be obtained, for example, using serviceable sensors, measuring instruments. Reflecting in the consciousness of a particular person, information ceases to be objective, since it is transformed (to a greater or lesser extent) depending on the opinion, judgment, experience, knowledge of a particular subject.

Reliability of information ... Information is reliable if it reflects the true state of affairs. Objective information is always reliable, but reliable information can be both objective and subjective. Reliable information helps us make the right decision. Inaccurate information may be due to the following reasons:

deliberate distortion (misinformation) or unintentional distortion of a subjective property;

distortion as a result of interference ("damaged phone") and insufficiently accurate means of fixing it.

Availability of information: A measure of the ability to obtain this or that information. The degree of accessibility of information is influenced simultaneously by both the availability of data and the availability of adequate methods

Completeness of information ... Information can be called complete if it is sufficient for understanding and making decisions. Incomplete information may lead to erroneous conclusions or decisions.

Accuracy (adequacy) of information is determined by the degree of its proximity to the real state of an object, process, phenomenon, etc. It characterizes the degree of compliance with the real objective state. Inadequate information can be generated when new information is created based on incomplete or inaccurate data.

Good data + inadequate methods = inadequate information

1. Relevance of information - importance for the present time, topicality, urgency. Only timely information can be useful. Reliable and adequate outdated information is irrelevant.

   Usefulness (value) of information ... Usefulness can be assessed in relation to the needs of its specific consumers and is assessed according to the tasks that can be solved with its help.

The most valuable information is objective, reliable, complete, and up-to-date. It should be borne in mind that biased, unreliable information (for example, fiction) is of great importance for a person. Social (public) information also has additional properties:

has a semantic (semantic) character, that is, conceptual, since it is in the concepts that the most essential features of objects, processes and phenomena of the surrounding world are generalized.

has a linguistic nature (except for some types of aesthetic information, such as fine arts). The same content can be expressed in different natural (spoken) languages, written in the form of mathematical formulas, etc.

Over time, the amount of information grows, information accumulates, it is systematized, evaluated and generalized. This property was called growth and accumulation information.

Aging of information is about decreasing its value over time. It is not time itself that ages information, but the emergence of new information, which clarifies, supplements or rejects in whole or in part the earlier one. Scientific and technical information ages faster, aesthetic (works of art) - slower.

Consistency, compactness, convenient form of presentation facilitates understanding and assimilation of information.