Changes are recorded in the system configuration. Configuration changes

26.11.2009 22:52

System Setup - this is diagnostic The tool created to configure the Windows 7 launch options to identify the causes of the computer and the operating system. Using the System Configuration program, you can identify drivers, programs and components due to the incorrect operation of which errors occur during the launch and operation of Windows 7.

Running the system Setup System

To start the System Setup program, open the Start menu, enter in the search string and press Enter.

You can also use the Windows + R keys combination, enter and click OK..

Tab common

On the tab You can select one of the three options for running the operating system:

Normal launch

In this mode, Windows 7 is started in the usual way. "Normal Start" is used when there are no problems with or after troubleshooting.

Diagnostic launch

In diagnostic start mode, only the main services and drivers required for the operation of the operating system and the computer are launched. If the problem does not disappear when the diagnostic start is turned on, then most likely the main files and Windows drivers are damaged. If there are no problems with the diagnostic start-up launch, then you need to use the mode Selective launch.

Selective launch

In this mode, Windows 7 is running using basic services and drivers, as well as other services and automatically downloaded programs selected by the user. Three additional parameters are available:

Download system services - If this option is enabled, the operating system is loaded with a standard set of services needed for its operation.
- If this parameter is enabled, together with the operating system, programs marked with the checkboxes on the tab are launched.
- This default parameter is turned on and shaded (it is displayed in gray). This parameter restores the original Windows 7 launch settings in the case of changes in the tab.

Selective start need to be used if diagnostic launch passed without errors. Alternately, turn on additional services and programs, and track the operation of the system until you reveal the cause of errors.

Loading tab

Default operating system

If multiple operating systems are installed on the computer, you can assign any of them by default. To do this, highlight the desired operating system and click Use default.

You can also set an arbitrary multi-load menu delay time by setting the time in seconds in the field. Time-out.

To remove the operating system from the list, highlight it and click Delete.

Safe mode

Safe mode - This is the operation of the operating system with a limited set of services, devices and drivers required for computer functioning.

Windows services that start in safe mode:

Windows event log
Support for self-adjustable Plug and Play devices
Remote Calling Procedures (RPC)
Cryptography services
Windows Defender
Windows Management Toolkit (WMI)

Devices and drivers started in safe mode:

Internal Hard Drives (ATA, SATA, SCSI)
External hard drives (USB)
Flexible disk drives (internal and USB)
Internal Drives for CDs and DVDs (ATA, SCSI)
External USB drives for CDs and DVDs
Keypad and mouse (USB, PS / 2, serial port)
VGA video card (PCI, AGP)

Check the box Safe mode And select one of the download options:

Mining - Starting Windows 7 Explorer in secure mode using only key devices, drivers and Windows services, without network support.

Other shell - Loading the command line, basic devices, drivers and Windows 7 services. Explorer and network components are disabled.

Recover Active Directory - Running Windows 7 Explorer in secure mode using only basic services, devices and drivers, as well as Active Directory directory services.

Net - Starting Windows 7 Explorer in secure mode using only the main components of the operating system, as well as the following network components:

Network adapters (wired Ethernet and wireless 802.11x)
Dynamic configuration protocol DHCP node
Network connections
NetBIOS Support Module via TCP / IP
Windows Firewall

Download log - All information about the Windows 7 boot process is saved to the file. % Systemroot% / NTBTLOG.TXT.

Basic video - Standard VGA drivers instead of drivers corresponding to the video card are loaded.

Information about OS. - During Windows 7 downloads, the names of the downloaded drivers are displayed.

Make these download parameters permanent - If this parameter is enabled, you can cancel only the system settings you can cancel. Cancel changes by selecting the "Normal Start" mode on the General tab will not work. Also you will not be able to cancel changes using the function Use the original download configuration On the tab .

To configure advanced Windows 7 download options, on the Click button. Extra options.

Number of processors

With this parameter, you can limit the number of both real and virtual processors used in the system. Check the checkbox and using the drop-down list, specify the number of processors that you want to use from the next system start.

Maximum memory

Using this parameter, you can limit the amount of physical memory used by the operating system. Check the box and in the text box, set the maximum RAM volume (in megabytes), which will be used by the system starting from the next start.

PCI lock

If this option is enabled, the operating system does not distribute I / O resources and interrupts on the PCI bus. In this case, the I / O resources and memory specified in BIOS are saved.

Debugging

If this option is enabled, you can set the global debug parameters in kernel mode for device driver developers.

Service tab

Tab Services Contains a list of services that run automatically when booting Windows 7. All these services are conditionally divided into two categories:

microsoft services, on which the operation of the operating system depends;
service of third-party developersnecessary for drivers and some programs.

When identifying the causes of problems arising during the launch or operation of Windows 7, you must perform the following actions:

1. On the tab

Turn on Selective launch.
Check the box Download system services.
Uncheck the checkbox Download Startup elements.

2. On the tab Services:

Check the box .
Disable the launch of all third-party services.

3. Restart the computer.

If after rebooting the problem does not occur, then Windows 7 system components are good, and the cause of errors is likely to be in the incorrect work of one or more third-party services. To reveal exactly which service causes a failure, turn you on the same service, restart the computer and follow the system status.

If, after disabling third-party services, the system still works with errors, then the basic components of the operating system are probably damaged. To identify the cause of errors, follow these steps.

1. Remove the checkbox Do not display Microsoft services.

2. Disconnect all Microsoft services, then turn them on one, restart the computer and follow the changes until I detect all the services causing a failure.

Bus load tab

In column Startup element The name of the program is displayed.
In column Manufacturer - program developer.
In column Team The executable file that starts with the OS, as well as the location of this file is specified.
In column Location The registry key is displayed that is responsible for the automatic launch of the program along with Windows 7.
In column Date of shutdown The date of disconnecting the autoload elements, which are not automatically started along with the operating system.

If there are problems in Windows 7, you can try to determine the cause of troubleshooting by alternately disable automatic program launch. To reveal exactly which program causes a failure, turn off the startup of all programs, and then turn on one program, restart the computer and follow the system status.

To make the program not started with Windows 7, you need to select the checkbox next to its name and click the button. Apply.

Tab Service

Tab Allows you to quickly run the Windows setup, administration and diagnostics tools. Highlight the desired tool and click Running.

About the program - Displays information about the Windows 7 version installed on the computer.

Changing account control settings - Setup UAC - Windows 7 security component requiring confirmation of actions requiring administrator rights.

Support Center - The main place to view alerts and perform actions that help the normal operation of Windows 7. The support center lists important messages about the security and maintenance of the computer that require the attention of the user.

- A set of means for automatically eliminating some common problems when working with a network, hardware and devices related to the use of the Internet, as well as program compatibility issues.

Computer Management - A set of tools for managing equipment, software and network components of Windows 7.

System Information - Windows 7 component displaying details on the configuration of the equipment, components and computer software, including drivers.

View events - The tool for viewing detailed information about important events arising in the system (for example, improper launch of programs or updates loaded automatically). This information may be useful for troubleshooting and errors in Windows 7 and installed programs.

Programs - Windows 7 program tools and components, designed to enable and disable Windows 7 components, as well as to remove programs or change their configuration.

Properties of the system - Basic information about equipment and operating system. Windows 7 version and activation status, performance index, computer name, domain name and working group parameters.

Properties of the Observer - Internet Explorer browser parameters.

IP protocol configuration - View and configure the network address of the computer (on the command line).

- A powerful diagnostic and performance monitoring tool built into Windows 7.

Resource monitor - means to view information about the use of the processor, hard disk, network and memory in real time.

Task Manager - Displays applications, processes and services that are currently running on the computer. With it, you can control computer performance or shut down applications that are not responding. Monitoring the status of the network and view the parameters of its operation.

Command line - The Windows 7 feature that provides the ability to enter MS-DOS commands and other commands without a graphical user interface.

Registry editor - A tool designed to view and change the parameters in the system registry, which contains information about the operation of the computer.

The article describes that the utility represents msconfigWhat is its main utility and how to use it correctly to solve emerging problems with Windows and prepare the soil for testing errors.

Among other repair utilities from Windows, msconfig.exe. (She is a utility System configurations) Certainly worth the mansion. It is most often used for:

configurations of the type of system startup (special mode selection)
changes Download procedures
selection of services and programs at the time of system launch
running special repair or statistical utilities

The configuration utility is a window of several tabs, and in the latest version of Windows, one of them () moved to the task manager. Msconfig.exe. It starts with several options, the easiest of them:

Win + R.->msconfig

Check each of the tabs:

MSCONFIG: Select Services and Drivers for Windows

First tab will General. Here we will meet several items characterizing the option of running services and drivers.

Normal launch - A variant that meets by default and saves from the installation of Windows. At this time, the system will download the driver to all installed (and installed after) devices and those services that, according to Windows, are needed to work if the system does not register any errors in operation. In this option, you do not need to change anything ... until the user has changed anything in the list of services, in the startup folder or other parameters. Once you make changes to the way forwarding, prohibit the launch of the programs, change the task schedule or add your own, the startup option automatically changes to the selective launch
Diagnostic launch - This option is somehow reminded by the secure Windows loading mode. After the reboot, only the drivers and services of the system itself will work after the reboot: no other programs and third-party drivers will turn on to work, and the upstream and updated drivers will be replaced with those that "arrived" with the installation of Windows (so to speak, international). However, often anti-virus support is also included in this privileged list. The meaning is clear - this option is applied in an attempt to identify the problem of the software at the unstable operation of the OS
Selective Run will allow you to download the system, bypassing the program, loading (or without downloading) the main services. Exposing or removing the setting with autoload can be determined whether its contents prevents the normal operation, or the reason lies not here. Changed item with the original boot configuration means you have been done in the boot record. This often happens when using a multi-loading system with 2 or more OS, when editing local drives (letters, size or removal / recreating volumes), etc.

The following tab displays a list of Windows systems as their loader sees. So, if your second is installed Linux, the bootloader rightly does not have a concept. The same applies to Windows of various generations: when it was in fashion Windows XP., its loader about Windows 7. or 10 And the layer did not hear. So pro Windows 10. In the loader OT. Windows XP. there is nothing. But 10-ka about previous versions of Microsoft OS already knows everything, so they are fine. But for security reasons, the correction of the list of systems in this part of the window is excluded: do not rename nor remove from here, nor rearrange them in places you will not be able to, since the utility of such rights is not provided. This option is presented purely informative.

However, the bottom part of the tab window already contains customizable options, among which you can find useful. The simplest but required - Time-out - changing the time display menu of the operating system selection menu (if there are several of them). By default, Windows leaves us for 30 seconds. If the system is one, the bootloader enters wisely, lowering the menu. But if Windows 2 and more copies, you may not wait half a minute, but to set the desired time.

Left are special download parameters. Among them, the notorious secure mode, which completely eliminates the launch of programs and drivers, except those that are installed by the system. Moreover, in addition to the option itself, additional parameters can be installed for a secure mode, including:

- secure mode with a full-fledged user interface, but disabled network drivers

Other shell - In safe mode, a command line will appear. But the usual graphical interface will not be. The network will also not work

Recover Active Directory - Normal safe launch, but plus to that with the services of active directories. This mode can be applied by network administrators or with multiple guest entries when editing a group policy of using the system. If you are not trying to solve the problem with delegation of authority or in a network environment, you also have nothing to do here

finally, Net - Download in secure mode with network drives support

The utility functionality continues the next settings column that will allow the user to change some boot parameters and in safe mode and in normal. Like that:

Without GUI - During boot, you will not see the familiar greeting screen, only a black screen without any information
Download log - After downloading, all information about running services and drivers is entered into a special log file with which you can find at C: \\ Windows \\ NtBtlog.txt
Basic video - A very useful parameter that allows you to load the image from the video card using only the preset drivers (and not those that you installed from the disk to the video downloaded from the Internet, etc.). An important option when, after the next update of the video device, you have something went wrong
Information about OS. - the option must be used with the exhibited Without GUI. Loading the system will be accompanied by a black screen with displaying full information by downloadable drivers. If the system "falls" while during the download, this mode can be submitted in the identification of the driver, which causes the collapse of the system.

Button : options not for everyone

The only available button in this quadrant window is Additional download optionswhere you can get this copy of Windows to start, or ignoring data from the BIOS or vice versa by following them (this part of the tab remained developers on beta steps: they shoved some settings for testing, and so they have forgotten).

For example, you can ask to start Windows with a limited set of processors and the volume of physical memory. However, contrary to some incorrect opinion in an attempt to speed up the launch of Windows, an indication of the maximum number of processors and the entire RAM volume at the time of inclusion will not affect the boot rate.

But your system can be configured so that the redistribution of I / O and IRQ resources over the PCI bus (namely, this checkbox is engaged) will cause a system failure when loading, and you will inevitably encounter a start error: it will be either a black screen or Bsod. If you encountered this problem, try to boot in safe mode and remove the "check" from the point or you have to clean the CMOS memory or jumper memory. Nothing terrible - everything is fixable. In general, experiments in this part of MSCONFIG, remember:

By default, Windows throws all the strength and resources for starting, and it does it on the basis of the results of the POST inspection. At the same time, the parameters of start-up and work system selects every time booting, and it is better not to interfere in this process.

Next option debugging - Even more unknown for a simple mortal test function tool for drivers for new devices. Working with potential drivers is made at level, and to work it is necessary to use a special control channel. It is highlighted immediately after this option is activated. Debugger / Debugger (type Windbg.), connected to the specified port, will work out the device under study. However, if Windows does not detect it on the default COM1 port (with the wrong settings of the debugger itself), the system can even hang. Simple users who do not use debugging when resolving problems or solving tasks related to software development, there is nothing to do here.

MSCONFIG: Service tab

Everything is simple here. The list presents the services that run with the download and work right now. Useful here is often the option Do not display Microsoft services, if we are interested in the software downloaded along with Windows. You can check the influence of a program to start the influence or a check mark if you are going to hide the perpetrator of unstable work.

The settings applied here are articulated with the settings in the tab. General. Once add or remove the service on this list, the startup option in the first tab will change to Selective.

In Windows 10, the contents of the tab moved to the task manager, and the owners of previous versions could directly from here somehow control the constantly expanding list of programs that started with Windows, slowing down the boot process. Plus background depending on the running processes, slowing down and work in the current session:

list of automatically downloadable programs now here

but the autoload in Windows 7 could be

However, to get the most complete picture of the management of autoloading, it is better to pay attention to the article.

Msconfig: Tab Service

Tab, unlike the previous ones, allows you to run the selected process right now using the button. Running. Moreover, this is done on behalf of the administrator, indicating the full path to the executive file in the system directory. All the utilities listed here are not ababa that, but those belong to the number of repair or statistical. Knowledge of what means are available from here, it can be great to save time without knowing.

In addition, it is possible by adding the programs you need like already available.

The System Configuration Program (it is msconfig.exe) is used to control the loading system, auto start program and services (services). On the General tab, you can select the type of system startup type.

Normal launch - arrange in most cases, is used by default. All device drivers are downloaded, launching all services and programs (from autorun).
Diagnostic launch - only the main drivers and launch of the main services are loaded, the programs are not loaded.
Selective launch - here you can choose what to download.

Now go to the download tab. On this tab, you will see a list of installed operating systems, more precisely the list of Windows versions (if there are several versions of Windows), other operating systems, such as Linux, you will not see this list.

The Advanced Settings button allows you to set the optional parameters of the selected operating system. For example, set the maximum number of processors used, select a maximum memory.

Use the Default Button in the System Configuration window allows you to set the selected operating system as a system that will be loaded by default after the number of seconds specified in the Timeout field.

Delete Button Allows you to delete the selected operating system, but you cannot delete the default OS.

Without GUI - download without a graphical interface (command line);
Download Log - The system will log download log, which will be saved to file C: Bootlog.txt;
Basic video - the maximum screen resolution will be 640x480 (useful when problem with the video card driver);
OS information - additional information on the operating system will be displayed.

The minimum is the minimum boot of Windows, usually this mode is most suitable for the restoration of the OS;
Another shell - an alternative shell will be used. Instead of the conductor, a command line with administrator rights will be launched. No need to confuse this mode with the mode without GUI. In this mode, the graphic subsystem will be loaded, which will allow you to run graphic applications through the command line, the Windows conductor will not be loaded simply.
Recovery Active Directory - Active Directory Recovery Mode;
Network - Safe mode with downloading network drivers (network will be supported).

The parameters you choose are saved exactly to one reboot. Starting from the second reboot (after setting parameters), the default parameters will be used. If you want to save the changes, check the box to make these download parameters permanent check box (you must definitely be sure about what you are doing, because for normal Windows downloads, you usually do not need to change anything on this tab).

The service tab allows you to enable / disable system services (services). Disabling services - the responsible occupation (it is important not to disable the service, without which it will not work in half the system), so we will consider in detail the service in the chapter of Windows 7, and the MSConfig program is not as convenient, like the SERVICES.MSC equipped.

Automatically launched programs are "prescribed" in the HKLM / Software / Microsoft / Windows / Currentversion / Run registry key or in the HKCU / Software / Microsoft / Windows / CurrentVersion / Run. Use the registry editor to disable the programs in the autorun is not very convenient (although it is an amateur), so you can use the MSCONFIG program.

The MSCONFIG program is also convenient for the fact that it allows you to disconnect the autorun program, even if the last "registered" is not in the registry, but in the software group autoload (start \u003d\u003e all programs \u003d\u003e Auto-loading).

So, in any case, the MSConfig program is more convenient than the registry editor (specifically to edit the autorun).

It remains to consider the service tab. Here you can run various service programs. Just select the program from the list and click on the Start button. It makes no sense to list the program because it is briefly described in front of each program.

As already noted, when working with distributed IB, the system configuration can be changed only in the central node.

To register configuration changes and transfer it to peripheral IB, the same mechanism is used as for data objects. When writing a modified configuration, record changes in the number of known peripheral IB are recorded by records that fix the configuration change.

After recording the modified configuration, a distributed IB is developing such a situation that the central and peripheral IB work actually with different configurations. In this state, the data transfer files created on the peripheral Ib cannot be loaded on the central IB for the reason that in the conditions of various configurations the information contained in the file cannot be correctly interpreted. The exchange will be restored only after the changed configuration from Central IB will be loaded into the peripheral IB. That is, after changing the configuration, you need to transfer from the central IB to each of the peripherals, and then carry out the transfer from peripheral IB to the center.

Transferring a modified configuration to peripheral IB is carried out in the same way as the transfer of changed data objects. In the process of the next unloading from the Central IB, a changed configuration is turned on to the data transfer file, unless the change in the change table is recorded that the modified configuration should be transferred to the corresponding peripheral IB. Configuration unloading will also be made before receiving a changed configuration.

Note that the configuration is considered to be modified with any changes to metadata, modules, modules, configuration tables, sets of rights, user interfaces, descriptions. The configuration does not include a list of users, as well as external configuration file (1cv7.md) files (external reports, separately recorded tables and texts). And these external files are not transferred to the control mechanism of distributed IB. Therefore, when configuring a distributed system, it is not recommended to use modules, tables and reports in the configurations in separate files.

To change the already working configuration, you can recommend using a modified configuration loading mechanism. It allows a specialist to copy the configuration, perform all the necessary changes in it, debug the changes made (this process can take several days), and then download the changed configuration to the central IB, after which the changes will be distributed to all peripheral IB with the next transmission of changes. Such a sequence will avoid multiple transmission of the modified configuration into the peripheral IB in the process of its upgrades.

When loading the data transfer file on the peripheral IB, the download stage of the modified configuration (unless, it is contained in the data transfer file) precedes the download step of the modified data objects. In case of failure to complete the download of the configuration, the download of data objects will not be made and the information base will remain in the same state as it was before the download. Loading the modified configuration may fail if the modified configuration does not comply with existing data. For example, the number of reference levels was reduced, and the new number of levels turns out to be smaller than actually contained in the directory or in other similar cases. If this happened, then the data should be given in accordance with the new configuration or change the configuration in the central IB and reload to eliminate the resulting contradiction.