A hologram on a smartphone. Deception of the century or is the future already here? How to create a hologram on a mobile phone DIY holography on a smartphone

Progress does not stand still. And now, such an innovation is available as viewing a hologram on a regular phone. In just 5 minutes, you will be able to see a 3D image that will amaze not only children, but also adults.

Required items

To see a 3D image on a smartphone, you first need to make a 3D pyramid. What elements are needed for its manufacture:

• simple pencil;
• marker;
• ruler (optional long);
• paper (preferably in a cage, so as not to use a protractor);
• scissors (to cut the stencil);
• knife (clerical is ideal);
• scotch tape (transparent, not wide) or glue for plastic;
• plastic containers from CDs (transparent).

Draw a trapezoid

After all the necessary elements are prepared, you should start drawing the trapezoid (stencil). To do this, take a sheet of paper and, using a ruler and a pencil, draw a trapezoid with the following sides:

• bottom - 6 centimeters;
• top - 1 centimeter;
• height - 3.5 centimeters.

After finishing, take scissors and cut out the resulting trapezoid. This will be a stencil with which the walls of the future pyramid will be made.

Cut trapezoids from CD boxes (4 pieces)

This is the most time-consuming stage of making a pyramid and requires increased attention. The reason for the laboriousness is that the plastic from which the CD box is made is very fragile and can begin to crack under strong pressure.

1. We disassemble the container from the disk.
2. We apply the resulting stencil.
3. We outline the trapezoid with a marker.
4. We take a ruler and a knife.
5. Place a ruler along the marker line and carefully draw along it with a knife.
6. After the grooves appear, the ruler can be removed.
7. Cut out the trapezoid.
8. Cut out 3 more pieces according to the model of the resulting trapezoid. There should be 4 in total.

Fasten 4 parts

After preparing the parts, you can start connecting them. To do this, take all 4 parts and assemble them into a pyramid, where the bottom will be a side of 1 centimeter. They can be held together with strips of duct tape or glued with plastic glue. And you can do both, for the reliability of the structure: fasten it with tape so that it does not fall apart and fix the seams with glue.

Download a special video to your phone

After the 3D pyramid is ready, it remains to prepare the smartphone. There are several options available:

1. Download a special video from YouTube.
2. Download the program for playing holograms. Such a program already has a video and you can download more with it.

Put the construction on the phone

Now the last step remains and you can see a 3D hologram in the middle of the pyramid. In the first seconds after starting the video, a picture appears in the form of a cross, along the edges of which the made pyramid must be placed. For more accurate placement, it is better to pause and set as needed.

This is how, with the help of available tools, you can make a pyramid in 5 minutes, in the center of which you will see a 3D image. Thanks to the variety of videos available, you can watch people around you with different holograms and even use them as a night light.

The very news about RED and smartphones discouraged many ordinary people: “Seriously? They make cameras - what other smartphones ... "

But even more unexpected was the announcement that the smartphone will support holograms!

Many people decided that the guys were crazy, or it was some kind of deception of the century, a strange PR or ...
Is it really possible? Maybe a lightsaber is just around the corner?

- Yes it is possible.

But not as Hollywood draws us - we will not see the projection of Princess Leia. Most likely, you just don't know what a hologram is because you watched a lot of science fiction instead of studying physics. Just for such people, this article was written - just about the complex.

Holography vs Photography

- What are holograms? Let's see Wikipedia ...

Holography - a set of technologies for accurate recording, reproduction and reshaping of wave fields of optical electromagnetic radiation, a special photographic method in which, using a laser, images of three-dimensional objects that are highly similar to real ones are recorded and then restored.

Most likely, the understanding did not increase - it is better to watch the video

If it seemed to you that these are mirrors and jars from forfeits behind glass - review again.
These are real holograms. No trickery - just science.

How it works?

First, let's answer the question - how do we perceive volume in general? This is possible due to the fact that we have two eyes - each sees an object from different angles.

The brain processes these two slightly different pictures and builds one volumetric model in our minds. Thanks to this, we can estimate the distance to objects just by looking at them - the brain automatically estimates the tension of the eye muscles and determines the distance with fairly high accuracy.

The eye as an optical device

The camera works on the same principles as the human eye - so let's consider the eye as an optical device.

The eye reacts to light, and light, as you know, is electromagnetic wave, exactly the same as, for example, Wi-Fi - only higher frequency.

In order for the eye to see something - light must come to it from this point, when we see some object - we register the object reflected by this object in all directions light that reflects in all directions every point of the surface

Every point on the surface reflects light in all directions!

This is an extremely important principle that needs to be understood - a whole jumble of different waves in different directions passes through each piece of space, but we see only what enters our eye through the pupil.

Of all the jumble of waves, only a small piece of the wave gets into the eye / camera, which has slipped through the pupil.

When we turn our head to see an object from the side, pieces of waves reflected from this object begin to fall into our eye.

These waves have always been here, they are simply invisible to the eye until they go into it from the front.

The camera / movie camera works on the same principle - from the whole variety of waves passing in all directions through space - only the part that goes in one direction is fixed- so the photos look flat - it's just a small part of the original information

Holography

Now we can finally move on to the principle of creation volumetric shots, consider the part of the space circled in purple, imagine that we have placed glass in front of the object.

If we could somehow freeze / remember the picture of waves passing through this glass, and then reproduce exactly all amplitudes, frequencies and phases- then we would not save a small green piece from the wave, which carries information only about one direction, but a whole picture of all waves, which contains information about all possible viewing angles.

If you don't see the difference ...

If the glass comes out exactly the same picture of the waves that the object was emitting at the moment "Sealing" this picture - it will be visually impossible to distinguish such "Photograph" from a real object, and the object will be visible from all angles as the whole picture of waves passing through space is restored

The camera sees only in one direction - so in order to capture the entire wave front, we need to take pictures in all directions, and then combine them into one volumetric picture - this is the principle of 3D scanning.

This method of shooting 3D objects is similar to FDM 3D printing with plastic, which is actually printed in 2D many times - at a qualitative level, this is "Crutch"

Implementation

The matter is small - all that remains is to figure out how to seal in space all the radio waves that pass through it, and then restore, here I probably will not go into technical details - the main thing is to understand the basic principle. (If there is interest - there is an opportunity to shoot a hologram in the spectroscopy laboratory, there are many nuances - so this is a topic for the next article).

Stop the light

The problem is that waves are in constant motion... And if we want to fix a picture in space, we must react with some kind of photosensitive material for some time and the printed the picture must be motionless at this time.

Taking a regular photograph - we do not stop the light, we cut out a narrow direction along which we expose the matrix with rays with constant amplitude, each of which connects the point of the object and a pixel on the matrix.

Standing waves

We want to capture all directions at once and we don't have Agamoto's eyes to freeze time - you have to think with your head.

It's good that this has already been done back in 1947 Denesh Gabor(one thousand nine hundred and forty-seven, Karl!). For which he received the Nobel Prize.

The bottom line is the following - if you add two waves with the same frequency and different directions, then at the intersection of the highs and lows of these waves will appear standing wave- a virtual wave (since light waves do not act on each other), which is the sum of two traveling waves of the same frequency. Due to this, it is possible to illuminate a stationary picture from the intersections of two waves in a photographic plate.

By illuminating one plate with three colors of the reference waves - red, blue and green - we get a full-color hologram, indistinguishable from the original.

If you now remove the object and shine a reference wave on the plate, an exact copy of the waves that the scanned object created will come out of the plate.

Technological requirements

Since it is very important that the frequencies of the object and reference waves are the same - an incredibly stable light source is needed for the standing wave to remain stationary - with a slight difference in frequencies, the wave will begin to move and the hologram will be smeared.

Green light

Such a source exists - it is called laser... Prior to the invention of the laser in 1960, holography had no commercial development; gas-discharge lamps were used for recording.

The world's first was invented in 2009 semiconductor green laser(red and blue were already there). Prior to this, green lasers used frequency doubling of an infrared laser diode passed through a frequency doubling nonlinear optical crystal. However, this design has an extremely low efficiency, high cost, complexity, etc.

Invention semiconductor green laser gave the green light to the development of miniature RGB laser projectors... 9 years have passed already - quite a sufficient time for the transition of technology to industrial use - and now we are beginning to observe the most active market participants, soon there will be even more cool and interesting products

Resolution

The resolution of the recording plate should be incredibly high - after all, the distance between the illuminated nodes of the standing wave is comparable to the wavelength of light, which is ~ 600nm! That is, the resolution is at least 1666 mm ^ -1.

If, when photographing, each point of the matrix corresponds to a point on the object, then in a hologram, light from all points object, that is, each part of the hologram contains information about the entire object.

Conclusions:

1. The principle of holography was invented half a century ago, but the lack of technology, in particular lasers, recording materials, prevented it from being implemented at a good level.
2. Even using ordinary plates - creating a hologram is a rather subtle and painstaking process - making a holographic full-color scanner and a digitally controlled holographic screen in a smartphone is a very strong challenge.
3. Even the ability to make one static hologram from a tripod (not to mention recording a hologram "hand-held") and display it on a revolutionary holographic display in the form factor of a smartphone will already be an achievement that will change entire industries.

P.S. Also, holography is used in the manufacture of processors and microscopy, allowing you to overcome the diffraction limit of a conventional photomask.

UPD: thanks for the comment

Relatively recently there was an article about cameras and light field displays, it seems that RED is preparing its new product on this basis.

In this video tutorial, Roman will clearly show how you can make a 3D hologram pyramid. Such a small pyramid costs about 2,000 rubles on the Internet. However, it turns out that you can save money and make such a holographic projector that will work on the basis of a phone with your own hands. If you don't want to do it yourself or are not satisfied with the handicraft production, then you can purchase it in the online store.

To make a projector, we need:

glue gun;

stationery knife;

transparent plastic from the cd-disk case;

pliers;

mobile phone;

The photo shows a drawing of a holographic pyramid.

Please note that the angle of inclination of the side faces of the pyramid must be exactly 45 degrees.

First, temporarily glue the stencil onto double-sided tape. Next, using a clerical knife, make deep cuts and then break off with pliers, holding the workpiece in a vice. Align the chips of the resulting workpiece using sandpaper.

We repeat this operation three more times to end up with four identical blanks.

When the blanks for the 3D illusion are ready, we will free them from the substrate and glue them together to obtain a pyramid, or, more precisely, a truncated pyramid.

That's all. The holographic projector is ready!

You need to set the pyramid upside down exactly in the center of the phone display. Put a cardboard square on top, it should be dark in color.

Now we start the video and observe the hologram in action from any side.

Everybody knows that hologram is a three-dimensional image. But few people have heard that it can be created using an ordinary smartphone! Feel like a real magician, we know the secret of this miracle and we are happy to share it.

Soon there will be phones that will project a holographic image of the interlocutor during a phone call, creating the illusion of a person nearby. There are already volumetric images that you can touch with your hands! While scientists continue to make incredible discoveries, you can enjoy this spectacular experiment ...

Hologram projector for phone

You need

• transparent plastic CD box (can be replaced with a laminating sheet)
• clerical knife or glass cutter
• graph paper
• ruler
• scotch tape or superglue
• pen
• smartphone

1. Draw a trapezoid on graph or plain white paper with proportions of 1 cm x 4 cm x 6 cm (6 cm is the bottom base, 1 cm is the top, and 4 cm is the height). Carefully cut out the shape.
2. Using a ready-made paper template, cut 4 such trapezoids out of transparent plastic using a clerical knife.
3. Scrap the trapezoid with tape or superglue together on the sides. Now you just need to put the structure on your smartphone and turn on a special video with a hologram!

This short video will show you how easy it is to do this trick. The result made me absolutely delighted!

Here comes the hologram video!

I will definitely repeat this trick! I can imagine how delighted my children will be when they see this hologram projector for their phone ...