SpeedFan is a powerful temperature monitoring utility. How to check the south bridge on the Aida 64 motherboard does not show the temperature of the south bridge
Sometimes there are situations when your computer stops working and you have to carry it to service center... In some cases, you can hear that the South Bridge, and you need to change the entire motherboard. The diagnosis seems to be clear, but only not every user knows the concepts of the South Bridge and the North Bridge. These two devices of the computer, or rather the motherboard, are the main functional controllers responsible for the operation of all other components of the motherboard. Together, these bridges form a chipset, but each of them is still responsible for its own functions. These square-shaped chips got such an unusual name due to their location on the motherboard: North - in the upper part under the processor, and South - in the bottom.
North bridge
The Northbridge is a control device that is responsible for how the motherboard interacts with your computer's RAM, video card, and processor. In addition, this chipset element not only interacts, but also controls the speed of the above described components. One of the parts of the North Bridge is the integrated video adapter found in some modern motherboards - the so-called integrated video card. Accordingly, this bridge additionally controls the bus of the device responsible for transmitting the image to the monitor and its speed. Additionally, the North Bridge connects all of the above devices to the South Bridge. As a rule, this chip has its own passive cooling, that is, a heatsink is installed, less often you can find active cooling with a cooler. This is done because the temperature of the North Bridge is about 30 degrees higher than the temperature of its South Bridge. This is due to the processing of commands of the most active components of the system and close proximity to the processor, due to which heating occurs from the outside.
South bridge
The South Bridge is a functional controller, the main function of which is to implement the so-called "slow" connections, which include various buses, USB, SATA and LAN controllers, power supply system, BIOS and even clock, in general, the list is quite long. That is why the failure of the South Bridge leads to the need to replace the entire motherboard. Considering that this controller interacts directly with external devices, ordinary overheating, provoked, for example, by a short circuit, can become the cause of a breakdown.
In this article, I propose an overview of such programs, I will tell you about their capabilities, about which temperatures of your PC or laptop can be viewed with their help (however, this set also depends on the availability of temperature sensors for components) and about additional features these programs. The main criteria by which programs were selected for review: shows necessary information, free, does not require installation (portable). Therefore, please do not ask why AIDA64 is not listed.
O Speccy program(from the creators of CCleaner and Recuva) to view the characteristics of a computer, including the temperature of its components, I have already written more than once - it is quite popular. Speccy is available as an installer or portable version that you don't need to install.
In addition to information about the components themselves, the program also shows their temperature, on my computer were displayed: the temperature of the processor, motherboard, video card, hard disk and SSD. As I wrote above, the temperature display depends, among other things, on the availability of appropriate sensors.
Despite the fact that the information about the temperature is less than in the previous described program, it will be quite enough to track the temperature of the computer. The data in the Speccy is updated in real time. One of the advantages for users is the presence of the Russian interface language.
You can download the program from the official website http://www.piriform.com/speccy
CPUID HWMonitor
Another one simple program, which provides comprehensive information about the temperatures of your computer components - HWMonitor. In many ways, it is similar to Open. Hardware Monitor, available as installer and zip archive.
List of displayed computer temperatures:
- Motherboard temperatures (south and north bridges, etc., according to sensors)
- Temperature of the processor and individual cores
- Graphics card temperature
- Temperature hard HDD disks and solid state drives SSD
In addition to the above parameters, you can see the voltages on various PC components, as well as the rotational speed of the cooling fans.
You can download CPUID HWMonitor from the official page http://www.cpuid.com/softwares/hwmonitor.html
OCCT
The free OCCT program is designed for system stability tests, supports Russian and allows you to see only the temperature of the processor and its cores (if we talk only about temperatures, otherwise the list of available information is wider).
In addition to the minimum and maximum values temperature, you can see it displayed on the graph, which can be convenient for many tasks. Also, with the help of OCCT, you can perform stability tests of the processor, video card, power supply.
The program is available for download on the official website http://www.ocbase.com/index.php/download
HWInfo
Well, if all of the listed utilities were not enough for some of you, I suggest another one - HWiNFO (available in two separate versions 32 and 64 bits). First of all, the program is designed to view the characteristics of a computer, information about components, BIOS version, Windows and drivers. But if you press the Sensors button in the main window of the program, a list of all sensors in your system will open, and you can see all the available temperatures of the computer.
In addition, voltages are displayed, S.M.A.R.T. for hard drives and SSD and a huge list additional parameters, maximum and minimum values. It is possible to record changes in indicators in the log, if necessary.
Finally
I think that the programs described in this review will be sufficient for most tasks that require information about the computer temperatures that you may have. You can also view information from temperature sensors in the BIOS, but this method is not always suitable, since the processor, video card and HDD are idle and the displayed values are significantly lower than the actual temperature when working on the computer.
The task of monitoring critical parameters of the hardware operation is especially often faced by overclocking enthusiasts. It is quite clear that the ultimate goal of any overclocking is to achieve the fastest system performance by increasing the speed of individual components.
Overclocking side effects
Typically, the processor, system memory and video card are overclocked. To obtain a higher clock frequency of the device, the registers of the internal and external clock generators must be programmed; often it is also necessary to make changes to the operating mode - to add latencies and latencies, otherwise the device will not function at an increased frequency. All these manipulations are performed using BIOS Setup tools - almost all boards have the appropriate settings. Or resort to the help of various overclocking utilities, which today are produced not only by independent developers, but also by the manufacturers of motherboards and video cards themselves.
Recently, a technique has been actively used that allows you to improve the frequency characteristics of the transistors that are part of the microcircuits, and thereby increase the overclocking potential of the device. It is known from theory that the switching time of a transistor will decrease if the supply voltage is increased. Therefore, motherboard manufacturers have long included the programming capabilities of VRM stabilizers, which are responsible for supplying power to board components, in the list of mandatory options. BIOS settings... And if earlier the user could only adjust the voltage of the processor core, today he has access to the voltages of almost all important components - memory, north and south bridges of the chipset, processor bus shapers, memory, internal bus between the bridges of the chipset, etc. Thanks to this overclocking, almost all system buses are amenable to overclocking, which significantly expands the field for overclocking experiments.
And even if there are no such settings (for example, the BIOS of video cards usually does not allow such manipulations, although there have already been successful experiments in this area), an experienced overclocker will always find an opportunity to increase the voltage - for example, by soldering the board (the so-called "voltmod") ...
However, the frequency boost never goes unnoticed on the system components. It is known that the power consumption of the microcircuit directly depends on the frequency. It also depends on the supply voltage. Therefore, overclocking components, an overclocker deliberately degrades the parameters of the components - increases their temperature and power consumption, often several times. High temperature negatively affects the parameters of the microcircuits; overheating can in some cases lead to the failure of the device. The use of effective cooling means during overclocking is imperative.
Another negative effect arises from a sharp increase in system power consumption during overclocking. The computer's power supply unit may not be able to cope with the stabilization of currents and voltages, which is why many critical parameters for operation begin to "float away". This is not only fraught with loss of stability, but also increased heating or malfunctioning of other devices - hard disk, optical drive, video card, etc.
Monitoring hardware
It is necessary to be aware of the critical parameters of the system - temperatures and voltages - not only when selecting overclocking parameters, but also in the future, when observing the operation of devices under stress. It would be too expensive to acquire special measuring equipment for these purposes. Moreover, motherboard manufacturers have long recognized the need to integrate simple and effective means of monitoring voltages and temperatures into their products.
In addition to monitoring, these tools are well suited for protecting the system from failures and damage in abnormal situations. In particular, the monitoring system will warn you about processor and system overheating, fan stop, power supply failure, and will also force the system to stop or slow down.
Monitoring tools were initially implemented using a special monitoring chip and external temperature sensors - thermistors, thermal diodes, etc. The monitoring chip contained a number of ADCs, the inputs of which were supplied with supply voltages and signals from temperature sensors and fan tachometers. Programmatic access to the chip was carried out via the ISA / LPC or SMBus bus, and both BIOS functions and software utilities could use its services. Later, the monitoring functions were integrated into other system components, for example, into the south bridges of the chipset or input-output bridges ("Super I / O", chips supporting old ports - LPT, COM, PS / 2, FDD). Some motherboard manufacturers use their own monitoring chips, which differ in the implementation of some specific functions.
Temperature sensors have appeared in all modern processors and graphics accelerators, which made it possible to measure their temperature more accurately. In addition, processors received means of automatic monitoring of their temperature, so the need to protect them from overheating is not so urgent today.
In addition to tracking itself, today's monitoring circuits have temperature controls. In particular, they are able to adjust the fan speed depending on the current temperature. This is done by modulating the supply voltage to the fan impeller motor using the PWM method.
There are also coolers capable of receiving control signals from the monitoring chip and controlling their rotation independently. Monitoring chips, however, so far only specialized, "know how" to regulate the frequency of the processor, tracking its load by temperature or current consumption.
Choosing a utility
It is good when the hardware implementation of monitoring has such advanced control capabilities. But often monitoring performs only a passive function, providing information upon request and not taking any active action. In this case, the hardware must be supplemented with software.
Today, almost every motherboard manufacturer offers its own set of utilities for monitoring and configuring the system. You can, of course, be limited to this option. However, it should be borne in mind that such utilities often have many drawbacks. This is also an interface: often colorful and tasteless, with a very peculiar arrangement of controls, a minimum of settings and inconvenient means of display and logging. This is also functionality: support for only a limited number of boards (your board may not be supported - and it happens), without the possibility of configuring and verifying the work. The stability of work and support for various operating systems can also be lame, and there is often no question of regular updating of versions.
However, for monitoring utilities, manual configuration tools are critical to their success. The point is that the monitoring chip or the corresponding functions of the south bridge of the chipset are just a set of contacts and means of access to them. The motherboard designer has complete freedom to choose what and how to connect to these pins. The procedure for connecting voltages, fans, types of sensors - everything remains on his conscience. Of the three available contacts for temperature sensors, it can connect all or only one, it can start two sensors at once from the processor - built-in and external, and in any order. The utility can only assume what is connected to the microcircuit. It is up to the user to check all readings himself and select the settings that give the most plausible results. The board manufacturer never informs about the layout of the monitoring system. The only alternative to this manual configuration is a database of all boards. In "proprietary" utilities, such a database is most often available.
But in other respects, third-party utilities are usually better than proprietary ones. Their authors are constantly monitoring the emergence of new chipsets and monitoring chips and make the necessary changes to ensure that all possible options are supported. By expanding functionality, they care about the compact size and high performance of their programs, otherwise users will quickly switch to competing programs. Often, developers support each other - they develop plugins, integration and management tools, and ensure program compatibility. At the same time, many truly successful monitoring programs are completely free and freely available for download.
SpeedFan is a good option for monitoring utility
For a long time, the Motherboard Monitoring (MBM) program remained the most popular and widespread monitoring program. Despite some "ponderousness" of the interface, it provided convenient tools for configuring access parameters to microcircuits, different ways of displaying results and logging. And the main feature of this utility was the presence of an extensive database of boards. MBM is still well-known and popular, its support is available in various system utilities for other purposes.
However, it was not long after a year since the author of MBM, Alexander Van Kaam, stopped supporting his successful development, and he officially notified users about it through his website (mbm.livewiredev.com). The program is still usable, but it may not support new motherboards, as the list of chipsets must be constantly updated (SMBus implementation varies from chipset to chipset) and microcircuits with monitoring support.
Among free alternatives MBM has several even more powerful monitoring programs, the most popular of which is SpeedFan. This is a utility by Italian developer Alfredo Milani Comparetti, the official website is at www.almico.com/speedfan.php. The program not only has ample opportunities for monitoring system parameters, but also allows you to overclock the system (the list of boards is limited), control fans, obtain information about memory and perform a number of related functions.
More information about SpeedFan
Let's list the main features of this great utility:
- support for reading parameters using dozens of popular monitoring chips (National, Analog Devices, Philips, Fintek) and microcircuits that have the appropriate capabilities (Winbond, ITE, VIA, NVIDIA, SIS);
- support for chipsets from various manufacturers - Intel, AMD, SIS, VIA, ULi, ATI, NVIDIA and even ServerWorks;
- support for reading the temperature of the hard drive through the SMART mechanism;
- support for reading the temperature of the graphics chip (only for NVIDIA GeForce older series);
- automatic and manual (by checkpoints) fan rotation control (not for all monitoring chips);
- control by control points of the processor bus frequency (only for a few motherboards equipped with ICS clock generators);
- output of SMART attributes of the hard drive;
- display of temperatures and other parameters in the system tray, logging;
- displaying a graph of changing parameters;
- setting up a reaction to events (changes in temperatures and other parameters) - sound signal, message, start of programs;
- support for 64-bit operating systems of the Windows family;
- multilingual interface, Russian support.
Unfortunately, SpeedFan must be installed. This adds a system driver to the system, with which SpeedFan gains access to the I / O ports. It is known that this is the only way to work with ports, but many system utilities start the driver automatically without requiring prior installation.
SpeedFan's interface is simple and straightforward. The program has a single window in which the program start log is displayed (it could have been hidden), data on fans, temperatures and voltages, the degree of processor load (or several processors), two buttons for minimizing (in the tray) and calling the settings. Using the bookmarks, you can switch to other modes (however, you don't have to access them): programming the clock generator (works for several boards), access to devices on the SMBus (interesting only for developers), SMART, graphics (absolutely no settings).
The settings window is not intuitively organized, so you can figure out what's what only with the help file. The configuration should start from the "Advanced" tab, where you can configure the parameters of data interpretation from the monitoring chip. Next, you should configure the outputs for controlling the speed of rotation of the fans ("Speeds"), then give names and specify the thresholds (desired and limit) of the inputs for measuring the temperature ("Temperatures"), check the data on the fans ("Fans") and voltages ("Voltages") ... Here you can also configure event triggers ("Events"), enable the log ("Log") and change a few parameters of the interface ("Options").
Perhaps, excessive complexity, an obscure interface and the need to study the documentation to complete the setup are serious disadvantages of SpeedFan, so this program cannot be recommended to inexperienced users. On the other hand, SpeedFan supports a wide variety of chips and allows them to be neatly tweaked, making it an indispensable tool in the hands of an overclocker. If you understand the settings, you can provide flexible control of the fans and a warning about parameters exceeding the specified thresholds. But, perhaps, the most useful application of SpeedFan is tracking critical system parameters during overclocking, organizing a "quiet" PC or other experiments.
P.S. It should always be remembered that the hardware monitoring data is only a reference, you can only focus on them when selecting overclocking parameters, but not take them as exact numbers. This is due to measurement errors, flaws in the board layout, and losses on the way from the source to the monitoring microcircuit. And the correct parameters for reading data can not always be guessed, even with such a powerful utility as SpeedFan at hand.
Max KURMAZ,
[email protected]
,
HW.by
- Belarusian "iron" site
We all know that overheating of the main components of a computer is very dangerous and can eventually lead to their failure. But how do you know how hot your processor or video card is? For those who have now thought about measuring the temperature of a computer using a thermometer, I advise you not to rush, since there are much more reliable methods for measuring the temperature of your PC's components. Today we will talk about a wonderful utility called Aida64, which allows you not only to find out the temperature of your computer, but also to carry out a complete diagnosis of it. We will also learn what to do if it suddenly turns out that our computer is very hot.
Signs of computer overheating
Overheating of the computer is accompanied by some alarming symptoms that an attentive user should certainly pay attention to. It is worth diagnosing the computer for overheating if:
We measure the temperature
First, we need the actual Aida64 program itself. She's shareware trial period valid for 30 days, this is quite enough for us. Install the program, run it and see this window:
Opening a branch A computer and go to the section Sensors.
Here we can see the temperature of our motherboard (motherboard), processor (CPU), south bridge chipset (MCP), GPU video cards (GPU diode), and in full version programs - also the temperature of the hard drive.
In general, Aida64 can be useful not only for temperature diagnostics. This program can be very useful if you want to buy, for example, new processor, but at the same time forgot the model of their motherboard.
Okay, we learned the temperature of the components of our system, but how now to determine which temperature is within the normal range, and which is a serious cause for concern? After all, different parts of the computer are heated in different ways, and their acceptable temperature also differs. Below are the approximate figures for the individual PC components that you can focus on.
CPU temperature
Average indicators normal temperature processor idle is considered to be 30-45 degrees, with a good load - 45-55 degrees. When the processor temperature is more than 60 degrees, problems usually begin. The main problem of the processor associated with moderate overheating is the so-called throttling, in which the processor, in order to reduce its temperature, starts to work several times weaker, while skipping clock cycles. With a very strong overheating, the processor can completely fail, which, however, is true for any component of the computer.
Motherboard temperature
Normal motherboard temperatures range from 25 to 45 degrees. In general, cases of overheating of the motherboard are quite rare; you should worry more about the processor and video card.
Graphics card temperature
Modern video cards heat up pretty well, and if for old models a temperature of 50-60 degrees could become fatal, then in some modern video cards this temperature is a normal indicator (under load, of course). But if your video card heats up to 75-85 degrees, then it's clearly not all right.
Southbridge Chipset Temperature
The south bridge, designated in the program as MCP, is hottest: even when the computer is idle, its temperature is 50-60 degrees. Under load on the computer, the acceptable temperature for the south bridge is 60-80 degrees.
Hard disk temperature
The normal temperature for hard drives is between 30 and 40 degrees.
How to deal with overheating
If you suddenly find that any of the components of your computer (or even several) are overheating, do not rush to panic. Overheating does not always mean that the part is out of order. Dust is one of the main causes of overheating - dust-clogged fans do not cool and ventilate the system unit well enough, as a result of which the temperature inside the latter rises sharply.
Therefore, the first thing to do when the computer overheats is to clean it from dust, paying special attention to the fans and heatsinks, including the power supply fan. When cleaning the processor heatsink, it would be nice to change the thermal paste on the processor (remove the old one and apply a new one with a very thin layer).
If a total sweep system unit from dust did not give the desired result, you can try to install more powerful cooling, for example, change the cooler on the processor and add a couple of additional fans to the case. When this does not help, then it’s time to take your computer to the master, since at home you will hardly be able to carry out a complete diagnosis of the system components and fix the problem.
We also provide computer maintenance services.
In addition, we are engaged in the repair of tablets. The experts of our company will repair your device in a timely manner.
Still have questions? - We will answer them for FREE in
One of the frequent breakdowns modern computers is the failure of the south bridge. If the south bridge is warming up in standby mode, one or all of them have failed USB ports- these are the main symptoms of its failure. Today we will show quick way how to check the south bridge on the motherboard.
Checking the F_ USB1 connector.
Let's check F_ USB2.
diodnik.com
How to check if the Intel South Bridge is burnt out?
Fig. 1 USB Data pins On the overwhelming majority of motherboards from Gigabyte, when the standby power is applied, the south bridge starts to heat up in 5-30 seconds. If, in standby mode, the bridge is cold, but immediately after switching on it starts to get very hot, this indicates a malfunction of the 1.5V bridge power supply driver. For ASUS boards this is a cascade stabilizer made on two field effect transistors(3.3 ---> 2.4 ---> 1.5), and on Gigabyte boards one or two transistors connected in parallel (in simple boards 3.3 ---> 1.5, for more sophisticated 2.5 ---> 1.5, while 2.5 V is generated by a PWM converter). The bridge itself remains alive in most cases.
In the simplest case, with a faulty south bridge, the POST indicator shows code 25 for Award BIOS and D0-D4 or DD for AMI BIOS.
In 99% of cases, one or more USB Data pins are short to ground, which can be easily checked by ringing them. In the photo, all USB Data pins for Gigabyte boards 8IPE1000 rev. 3.1, which you need to ring.
The most difficult-to-diagnose cases are when USB Data does not short to ground, standby voltages are not lost and the bridge does not heat up even after starting the board. But there were only two such cases in my practice and this is more likely an exception, but we came to the conclusion that the bridge was malfunctioning (the replacement confirmed this) after replacing the cartoon, soldering the socket and flashing the BIOS.
According to our statistics, in 60% of cases, the Chinese DATA cable for cell phones... Another 30% is accounted for by USB Flash Drive and 10% by the rest USB devices... However, there were cases when USB devices were not used on the board, but the bridge burned out by itself! For prophylaxis, with the active use of cellular DATA cables, it is recommended to install an additional PCI-USB controller.
www.rom.by
How to check the south bridge?
One of the frequent breakdowns of modern computers is the failure of the south bridge. If the south bridge is warming up in standby mode, one or all USB ports have failed - these are the main symptoms of its failure. Today we will show you a quick way to check the southbridge on your motherboard.
In most cases, for preliminary diagnostics, it is enough to check if the USB Data pins are shorting to the motherboard ground. For clarity, we will show on the Gigabyte G31M-ES2C motherboard how to make such a simple check. We only need an ordinary multimeter.
To do this, you need to put the multimeter in the dial mode and alternately check the Data outputs of each USB port.
You need to check not only the ports that go to back panel, but also the connectors to which USB are connected from the front panel, we'll start with them. For convenience, below is indicated pinout USB on the motherboard (there are two USB ports in this connector).
We install one probe of the multimeter on the ground of the motherboard, with the second probe, alternately touch the Data + and Data contacts - of each port. The multimeter readings on different ports should not differ much.
Checking the F_ USB1 connector.
As you can see, F_ USB1 has normal readings.
Let's check F_ USB2.
Everything is obvious here, both USB ports on F_ USB2 are short to ground.
The conclusion is obvious. The south bridge is out of order. Replacing the south bridge is not a cheap thing, it cannot be done at home, in this case, repairing such a motherboard is not advisable.
What causes the south bridge to burn down?
There can be a lot of reasons, ranging from banal overheating due to an ill-conceived or improperly assembled cooling system, to low-quality Chinese phone cables or flash drives. Also, the culprit may be a power supply that is out of order.
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diodnik.com
South and northbridge on the motherboard
The motherboard of a computer is a technically complex device that deserves close attention. It ensures the interconnection of all the most important components of any computer, such as the central processor, RAM, video subsystem. Any construct motherboards based on the chipset, which is formed from the north and south bridges. About what the north bridge is responsible for on the motherboard, what the south bridge is responsible for and where they are located - further.
What is the North Bridge responsible for?
First, let's figure it out - what is a north bridge on a motherboard? The North Bridge is a controller that coordinates the work of the most active and power-consuming components, such as the processor, RAM and integrated graphics. It is not difficult to guess that the duties assigned to it entail increased heating, as a result of which this controller has its own cooling system. Most often it is of the passive type, but there are instances with an active cooling system.
Where is the northbridge on the motherboard
If you look at the motherboard, the north bridge is in the upper half, closer to the central processor. This location was not chosen in vain. Firstly, there are all the devices that are controlled by this controller. Second, an active cooling system central processing unit partly participates in its cooling. This technique can be seen with the naked eye, where there is a passive controller cooling system. If you look closely, you will see that this controller is located in such a way that its radiator is in the zone of the passage of cooled air forced by the CPU cooler.
What is the south bridge of the motherboard responsible for?
The South Bridge coordinates the so-called "slow operations", the list of which is impressive. In particular, it controls the power saving system, system clock, BIOS, IDE interfaces, SATA, USB, LAN, Embeded Audio, etc. The south controller is located at the bottom of the motherboard and is not equipped with a cooling system. it design feature often becomes the cause of its overheating and, ultimately, the failure of the entire motherboard.
In a normally functioning computer, the temperature of the south bridge is 30 ° C lower than that of its northern counterpart. Therefore, there is usually no reason to worry. The reasons for its overheating, leading to a fatal outcome, may be different - poor contact of the chip with motherboard, short circuit in the USB connector or static electricity transmitted by USB interface.
Canal-IT.ru
How to check the bridges on the motherboard?
Save urgently!)) One person told me that the bridges on the motherboard burned down (or on the way to another world). How can you check this, having only straight arms), desire and a multimeter? Of iron, there are only 2 power supplies, this is the motherboard, 3 video cards (one of them is 100% working, this system was once launched on it) and a processor and an operating system for it.
By the way, the board is old, it has all sorts of LPT and COM connectors, in addition to USB, so you can (maybe) observe some diagnostic signals on them.
- Asked over a year ago
- 3,799 views
- hmm .. well, the north bridge is slots for ddr. memory does not see - the north bridge is out. the north bridge also rules the graphics card slot. the south bridge rules everything else - pci slots, connectors on the motherboard any type of ide, sata, usb, lan, audio Like 2 2 comments
- What kind of mother? Disconnect all peripherals, video and memory from the motherboard with the exception of the processor, connect the speaker. Check: resistance between RESET and common, USB D +, D- and common. Try to put an eraser on the bottom of the motherboard under the bridge and press the heatsink CAREFULLY WITHOUT SKINS to the board with your hand and try to turn it on. Does the speaker make sounds? What are the voltages on the process, memory, etc.? Like 1 Comment
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