Separation for strings, spaces and tabulation in HTML documents. Using gap symbols for HTML code formatting, non-dissolving space and other special mixers (mnemonics) HTML tab

When the document is displayed on the screen, spaces and empty lines are not saved, with the exception of the text enclosed in tags Pre. (Pre-formatted text). That is, any sequence of spaces, tab symbols and empty lines are equivalent to the only space in the HTML file. On the other hand, the gap in the HTML file can be represented using any number of spaces or new (empty) lines.

Term nEWLIN. (New line) Used to theoretically designate the end of the string. SGML determines that the string (recording) should begin with the starting symbol (newline - the translation of the string, LF, ASCII code 10) and end with the end of the recording (Return of the carriage, CR, ASCII 13). In practice, HTML documents are represented and transmitted using the newline representation matched with computer systems. Therefore, HTML browsers allow for supporting any of the three generally accepted strings separation representations denoted by the CR LF sequence, only CR, or only LF, and on the basis of such an assumption and allocate the errors of the initial and final record symbols.

Thus, it does not matter how you divide the text to the strings, as the translation of the string is equivalent to the space. Note, however, that you do not have to divide the word into the HTML into two lines. If you, for example, divided the IRNational word into two lines, as is shown below:

it will be interpreted as

Thus, for the logical presentation of your document, you must use such HTML tags like P. or Br.To ensure that the row is translated.

Browers usually do not share words for two lines, except in cases where the word contains a hyphen. Reference Specifications HTML 3.2 is not very accurate with respect to this issue and when discussing the section of the table, the following is given:

For some user agents, it may be necessary or desirable to translate the string within the word. In such cases, it is desirable to make sure that it happened.

Be afraid the length of the line went beyond the boundaries of your control.. It depends on the browser, computer and installations made by people viewing your document. Generally speaking, there is no means to prevent the translation of the string between words, but you can try to warn the row translation using continuous spaces.

As for the use of a row translation in combination with HTML tags, that is, special rules:

• The translation of the string next immediately at the initial tag is ignored. For example, strings
• Similarly, the translation of the string preceding the end tag is ignored. For example, strings

The horizontal tab symbol (HT) can be used in the HTML document. But within the element Pre. The tabal symbol has a special interpretation, equivalent to the space and does not carry information about the tabulation of any kind. (To submit tabllated data, use the item table.) It is almost better to avoid inclusion of tab characters to HTML code and use the appropriate number of spaces instead if you need to format the HTML document source code in a tabulated form.

Hello, dear blog readers Site! Those who at least superficially managed to familiarize themselves with, probably, have already taken note, albeit in general terms. So, have an idea of \u200b\u200bwhich at all HTML characters are used in the document code.

In today's article, we will try to figure out that it represents a space in HTML, in what cases can applicable symbols can be used when formatting the code itself for convenient perception. We learn when it is necessary to use an inseparable space, and also get acquainted with other special symbols (or, as they are also called, mnemonics).

In fact, I would advise not to ignore the use of various special characters, because it is an important component that allows you to make the completion of the study of the language of hypertext marking. In general, information provided in this publication will not definitely not be. Well, now to the case.

Spaces and Blind Symbols in HTML

First you need to make an important remark. On the computer keyboard there are special keys that allow you to implement the division of the text (a little more about it below). However, only a wide space key provides a section between words not only in the editor, but also in the browser window. When transferring rows and indent from the edge there are nuances.

As you know, the display of certain elements in the webbruser is determined by tags. For text formatting, a known is used, which is block. That is, its content is located throughout the available width.

To transfer lines inside paragraph PYou need to use a single BR tag, with which it can be done. Let's say we need to insert some lines from the poems that we write in a text editor:

Despite the fact that the lines of verses are located correctly and transfers are carried out in the right places, everything will look different in the browser:

To achieve the same display in the web browser window, you need to register br:

Now we have achieved the completion of the task and in the browser, the poetic lines will appear completely correctly:

Thus, the necessary string transfers are made. It also needs to be noted such a feature that multiple gaps running one by one, the webbuser displays as one. In this you can make sure that in the same editor you will try not one, but several gaps between the two words and by clicking on the "Save" button, look at the result in the browser.

Space, tab and row transfer

In principle, with these blind symbols We get acquainted right away how we start working with the text in the editor and format it in the right form. To implement such a task there are special keys, each of which corresponds to its globular symbol:

• The space is the widest key on the computer keyboard (without inscription);
• Tab - key to the left with the inscription "Tab" and two arrows directed in different directions;
• Row transfer - "ENTER" key.

However, as I said above, the final desired result is not only in the text editor, but also in the browser, we get only when using the first key. All three keys (including tab and the transfer of the string are useful to use when formatting the HTML code. Let's say, here's how the code fragment looks like in NotePad ++ (sensible material is about this editor) when all the space characters are displayed:

We get a code that is easily read and understands thanks to the spaces. An orange arrows marked indents created using the Tab key, and the CR and LF symbols of the lines carried out by Cavishi ENTER.

The containers nested one in another are visible, opening and closing tags are well allocated. In this form, this code can be calmly edited. And now compare it with the same code, in which there is no similar division of the text:

In the same way, using the space characters, the CSS rules can also be prescribed, which will visually look clear and responding:

After you bring all the styles to a common denominator and fully finish editing the style file, it will be possible to subjected to all the spaces from the code. It is necessary to increase, which is very important when promoting the resource.

Special moles (or mnemonics) in HTML code

Now we will analyze, in what cases it is necessary to use special characters that I mentioned at the beginning of the article. HTML special moles, which are sometimes called mnemonics, are introduced to solve a long-standing encoding problem that occurred in the language of hypertext markup.

When you set the text from the keyboard, the language symbols are encoded that you use. The webBrawner will be displayed in the webborer using the fonts you choose as a result of the reverse decoding operation.

The fact is that there are many similar encodings, now we have no goal to disassemble them in detail. Just in each of them can not get one or other characters that, however, you need to display. Let's say, it is impatient to prescribe a single quotes or a sign of emphasis, and these badges are not common in the set.

In order to eliminate this problem, a special symbol system was introduced, which includes a huge number of various mnemonics. All starting from the ampersand "&" icon and end with a comma point ";". At first, each special mixture corresponded to his digital code. For example, for an inseparable space, which will be considered slightly below, such an entry will be valid:

But after some time, the most common symbols were assigned letter analogs (mnemonics) so that they were easier to remember. For example, for the same inseparable space, it looks like this:

As a result, the browser displays the corresponding character. List of mnemonic is very voluminous, most frequently used special mix HTML You can detect from below the following table:

Cases of use of some special symbols, including an inseparable space and soft transfer

If you have already studied the table a little, I received confirmation by what I said above said that it uses a digital code () or its letter analog (symbol mnemonic), where the letter () is written instead of the totality of the grille and numbers.

Now let's see when you need to apply these codes. Say, in the article you need to inform some HTML tag, for example,