Bbc channel history. BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) is

BBC is TV, radio, internet broadcasting in Great Britain and around the world

BBC:, news, internet, films, documentaries

BBC is, definition

The air force is non-remedy mass media The media corporation, founded in 1922, carries out both internal and external Internet broadcasting, as well as radio and television broadcasting. Outside England, they are mainly known: the BBC World Service is broadcasting in 28 different languages, as well as the TV channel BBC World News. is a public company with a supervisory board of 12 trustees selected by the Queen of Britain.

BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation, BBC) - this is radio and television broadcasting complex Britain.

BBC is one of the largest news agencies in the world, based in England in 1992.

BBC is a series of informative documentaries covering various topics.

The media corporation carries out both internal and external Internet, radio and television broadcasting by the BBC World Service. Corporation is not a state-owned media, but a public firm with a supervisory board of 12 trustees appointed by the Queen of England. Mostly known outside Britain radio BBC World Service, which broadcasts in 28 languages, and BBC World News.

Organization founded in 1922. International broadcasting began in 1932. From 1929 a transmitter in London was in use, by 1930 regular television programs were broadcast using an antenna in Brookmans Park. The Baird's company, now known as BBC One, began television production on August 2, 1932. Before the interruption in broadcasting caused by the Second World War, the channel's audience numbered 25-40 thousand homes. The break was due to the fact that VHF transmissions would serve as an excellent bearing for German bombers, and engineers and technicians were needed for military purposes.

BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) is

In 1946, television broadcasting resumed with Alexandra Palace. The BBC television Service broadcast a variety of programs reaching a wide audience. TV was renamed BBC1 in 1964, following the launch of BBC2, England's third-rated channel (second was ITV). A fire at the Battersea power plant caused an extensive blackout across London, delaying the launch of the canal, scheduled for 20 April 1964. The channel was opened by candlelight. BBC2 was the first British channel to broadcast on the UHF band.

The Alexander Palace TV tower in London has been operated by the BBC since 1936.

In 1967, BBC Two became the first channel in Europe to broadcast television in PAL color. (BBC One and ITV did not begin broadcasting in color until November 15, 1969). BBC Two did not air soap operas or regular news.

Host David Attenborough left BBC Two to work for BBC Natural History until the 1950s. The whole world knows the created data the unification of the enterprises of the David Attenborough program: "Life on Earth", "Invisible Plant Life", "Blue Planet" and "Planet Earth".

BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) is

In 1974, the BBC introduced the first Ceefax teletext system.

BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) is

In July 2003, the BBC began broadcasting programs via the Astra 2D satellite at a cost of £ 85 million to the BBC.

In July 2004, the BBC celebrated its fiftieth anniversary. The recording of this event was released on DVD. Late 2006 BBC management television, led by Jana Bennett, merged into a wider business combination: BBC Vision.

February 29, 2012 corporation celebrated the 80th anniversary of the start of international broadcasting.

BBC logos

Relatively long time The BBC dispensed with a permanent logo. In 1936, when television broadcasts began, the gaps between programs were filled with different test cards or simple inscriptions. In 1953, Abram Games drew a logo in the spirit of the time, nicknamed "Bat" s wings, with a rotating globe in the center of the logo and the lion was placed in the center.

The longest used was the idea of the logo that appeared on screens on September 30, 1963. The announcer spoke the words “This is BBC Television” as the oblique letters “BBC TV” appeared against the backdrop of the spinning globe.

In the early 1990s, the letters aligned, leaving only two colors: black and white; also the font was changed to Gill Sans. This can be traced back to 1932, when the designer of this typeface, Eric Gill, was a key sculptor in work on the project of the BBC Broadcasting House

The history of the BBC

The BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) was founded on October 18, 1922 as British Broadcasting Organization Ltd. by a group of enterprises as a private structure. The first transmission was made on November 14 of the same year. In 1927, the organization was granted a royal privilege.

She herself was nationalized by the government, although she remained independent in editorial policy and had broad self-government. Outside Britain began broadcasting in December 1932. The message of the "Imperial Service", as it was then called, was intended to unite the English-speaking population of the British Empire. Soon after the broadcast began, King George V was the first of the monarchs to go on the air with a Christmas greeting. He appealed to “people cut off by snow and deserts, who can only be reached by on-air voices.” The BBC's first regular television broadcasts began in November 1936, when all other broadcasters were experimenting with remote transmission of images. The first two non-English services (Spanish for Latin America and Arabic) began operating in 1938. And by the start of World War II, the BBC was broadcasting in seven languages. Before the break in broadcasting caused by the war, the channel's audience numbered 25-40 thousand homes. The break was due to the fact that ultra-short transmission waves would serve as an excellent bearing for German bombers, and engineers and technicians were needed for military purposes.

In 1946, television broadcasting resumed with Alexandra Palace. The BBC television Service broadcast a variety of programs to a wide audience. In the post-war period, a global "transistor revolution" took place, thanks to which the population had millions of inexpensive radios. This led to an explosive growth in radio audiences around the world, for which the BBC World Service and many other broadcasters fought.

After wars The BBC was the first television company in the world to create its own educational television programs and informative documentary television series, for example, "Wildlife" and "Walking with the Dinosaurs".

BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) is

BBC TV was renamed BBC One in 1964, following the launch of BBC Two, the third highest rated channel in England (second was ITV). Battersea Power Plant Fire Causes Extensive Blackout electricity in London, which postponed the launch of the channel, scheduled for April 20, 1964. Therefore, the channel was opened by candlelight. BBC Two was the first UK channel to broadcast in the ultra-high frequency range. The whole world knows the created data trust David Attenborough's programs: Life on Earth, Private Life of Plants, Blue Planet and planet Earth... In 1967, BBC Two became the first channel in Europe broadcasting television in color (BBC One and ITV did not begin broadcasting in color until November 1969).

In 1974, BBC introduced the first teletext system, Ceefax, a television network service providing text and simple images. In 1988, the External Service was renamed the BBC World Service.

Today the BBC owns two terrestrial and three cable TV channels. In addition, it includes 14 national digital radio stations, two Internet sites and 40 magazines. Domestically, the BBC has 20 different television channels, including the 24/7 news channel, BBC News.

The BBC is governed by a 12-member board of directors and a CEO who are appointed by the Queen on the advice of the government. Financially, the BBC's worldwide service was funded by the Foreign Office (Foreign and Commonwealth Office of Britain), but in October 2010 it relinquished these responsibilities, transferring the BBC to the main balance of the British Broadcasting Corporation. The legal basis for the organization's activities is the charter - the charter, in accordance with which the British Broadcasting Corporation exists. The current Charter entered into force in 2007 and will end at the end of 2016. The document fully recognizes the editorial independence of the BBC and defines the public objectives, role and structure of the corporation. In addition, the charter outlines the BBC's core values:

1. Trust is the foundation of the BBC; we are independent, impartial and honest.

2. The audience is at the center of everything we do.

3.We are proud of the quality of our work.

4. Creativity is the flesh and blood of our organization.

5. We respect everyone and give everyone the opportunity to do what they do best.

6. We are one BBC: when we work together, we can do a lot.

The BBC currently broadcasts in 32 languages. According to the most recent BBC global audience survey (as of May 2007), it has 183 million listeners per week. About 37.6 million of this number listen to the BBC in English. The main seat of the World Service is Bush House. It was named after the man who built it, Irving Bush, who owns the New York-based firm Bush Terminal. The BBC's mission is to enrich people's lives with programs and services that inform, educate and entertain, and to be the most creative organization.

The satellite era for the BBC began in 1991, when it was loudly trumpeted to the world on pay TV for Europe and Asia. On April 15, 1992, transmissions to Africa began. The strategic goal then was the creation of a global BBC channel, which was implemented in 1993. The program, being produced in London, consisted mainly of a mixture of existing BBC television programs. In the evenings, BBC World Service ran a half-hour news bulletin with weather and financial information. The rest of the program consisted of television essays, theatrical programs, light entertainment music, sports and children's programs, chronicles and news. BBC Worldwide television (the main commercial arm of the BBC) is responsible for everything related to the BBC's commercial and international television activities. It is the largest international broadcaster and a leading distributor and co-producer of BBC programs. BBC Worldwide television was formed in May 1994 through the merger of BBC Enterprises and the BBC World Service television business.

In 1994-95, BBC Worldwide was awarded over 14,500 hours of programming in over 80 countries making the BBC Europe's largest exporter of television programming; the most famous of them were "Great White Shark", "Mid-March", "Absolutely Incredible."

BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) is

BBC Worldwide television has dedicated teams specializing in their programming areas, working with the BBC's production department, independent producers and eight overseas offices. These commands define politics investments, market analysis and commercial strategy for key programs with possible subsequent licensing at the international level. In 1994-1995 alone, 111 cooperation agreements were concluded with broadcasting organizations 14 countries, BBC Worldwide television's MIPTV Program Market deals reached £ 15.4m. BBC Worldwide television has overseas offices in New York, Los Angeles, Toronto, Sydney, Hong Kong, Tokyo, Paris and Cologne that represent BBC Worldwide television outside England. In January 1995, BBC World Service Televisions (news and information channel) was renamed BBC World and partially reorganized for launch in Europe. New channel affiliated with BBC Prime (now BBC Entertainment), the main BBC World Service Televisions TV channels and programs relaunched.

The BBC has access to the largest libraries of film and video materials, BBC Librares Sales licenses extracts and special selections of film and video materials to users around the world. Since 25 July 2005, the BBC has introduced internal censorship. From now on, the BBC stopped showing scenes of extreme cruelty. To this end, all live broadcasts, in particular those that may contain scenes of cruelty, began to go on the air with a delay of several seconds. This time allows you to cut out all episodes of violence, which will be identified by a special commission.

The World Service has repeatedly said that it cannot afford to stand still, therefore, in order to keep up with technological changes, it constantly updates its list of services and modernizes old services. In 2006, the BBC launched a public test broadcast of HD television. BBC HD is broadcast 24/7 in terrestrial terrestrial television in Britain, as well as from the Astra 2D satellite. On 3 November 2010, the BBC launched another HD channel - BBC One HD, the second BBC HD channel. And in 2012, the BBC will only broadcast in HD format from the London Olympics.

In July 2007, the BBC began providing a new service, currently only available to residents of England. iPlayer is an easy-to-use gadget that allows you to access TV broadcasts from your computer. Thanks to him, you can watch TV programs of the past seven days, as well as listen to both live and recorded radio programs.

Residents of the United Kingdom of Great Britain get access to TV programs through iPlayer for free; they are offered in high quality and without advertising screensavers. After downloading a TV or radio program to a computer, the user has 30 days to start watching it and seven days to complete it. In the same year, the British Broadcasting Corporation BBC launched new service- Internet access via TV. If successful, this state corporation could become one of the leading speculators in the Internet access market.

In 2009, the BBC has a new digital communications department. This is due to the fact that the BBC is interested in digital broadcasting through satellite and digital services, in addition, the audience is growing rapidly. digital television... The new division is headed by Paul Elmond, who previously headed the Air Force Vision. In the same year, the BBC launched a new service - broadcasting its TV programs to mobile phones. Viewers can watch programs from channels such as BBC One, BBC Four, CBeebies and BBC News.

In March 2010, the BBC provided several high-budget documentaries to the Ukrainian entertainment channel TVi.

In 2010, the corporation decided to expand its field of activity and open its own animation studio. At the moment, the management is looking for a suitable location for the new division. BBC animators will work on both content for adults and for the younger audience of the firm. To do this, their efforts to create the studio will combine two divisions of the BBC, specializing in the production of entertainment and children's programs. The formation of the new division will be completed in early 2011.

The BBC manages to combine classic plays, fresh, new comedies, authentic stories, educational programs and programs for children, live concerts, new music, religious programs. And all this over a long period of time, especially in Britain, but it also attracts audiences from many other countries.

Over the past 2 years, the BBC has saved a total of £ 200 million through effective implementations and innovations. The BBC intends to use these funds to create new programs and invest in new digital technologies to make the organization's products even more efficient and competitive.

BBC is its own name on the market TV and radio programs. 95% of homes in the United Kingdom of Great Britain watch and listen to BBC broadcasts every week at a cost of 3.7 per hour to subscribers. The response rate to BBC programs is overwhelming. The BBC's commercial activity generates $ 72 million in annual "fees" - a successful business by all standards, but even that is small compared to the $ 1.7 billion the channel receives and spends each year on everything related to licenses and broadcast rights. .BBC places great emphasis on listening to the views of viewers and listeners during programs for the sake of communication and, of course, exploring the ideas that the audience expects from the channel. The BBC is interested in its audience to fulfill its creative ambitions.

The teletext of BBC channels is quite diverse and easy to use. Traditionally, page 100 offers a menu in the main sections. The BBC World teletext pages contain messages from hot spots of the planet, news from areas military action, and right there, along with them, a completely serious message like "is there life on Mars" about the research of scientists. Sports fans will be interested in the results of European football cup matches, news from tennis courts, as well as competition results and data on rugby, motor sports, athletics, equestrian sports, boxing, golf and cricket. The Sport Diary section offers announcements of upcoming sporting events. A fairly large section is devoted to finance and economics. Here you can find out the current ratios of world currencies, prices for metals and on various exchanges, indices, economic news, and much more from the field of financial market.

BBC radio stations

BBC radio 1: targeted at young audiences, broadcasts contemporary pop and rock music (including the top 40 most popular singles), news, studio live performances and concerts, musical documentaries

BBC radio 3: arts and culture, hobby music (classical, jazz), news, live studio and concerts, musical documentary

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Early titles Related channels Tagline

The nation must communicate peacefully with the nation (eng. Nation shall speak peace unto nation )

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K: TV channels launched in 1964

History

Launch

At the time of the launch of BBC Two, only the BBC Television Service and ITV, which were networks of small regional companies, were broadcasting in the UK. Both channels have been competing since the launch of ITV in 1955 to gain popularity among viewers. In 1962, the Pilkington Broadcasting Committee, discussing the launch of a third television channel, decided to provide a third channel to the BBC, because ITV was not seriously involved in this issue. On this occasion, the first BBC television channel was named BBC1.

The official broadcasting date was announced on April 20 at 19:20. The first program was supposed to be a comedy show "The Alberts", in which they were going to show the number of the Soviet pop actor Arkady Raikin, who was touring the UK at that time. After "The Alberts" the musical "Kiss Me, Kat" was to follow, at the end of which they were going to show a solemn fireworks display, symbolizing the opening of the TV channel. However, at 6:45 pm, a fire broke out at the Battersea power plant, causing power outages throughout West London. Fortunately, BBC1 continued to broadcast from Alexandra Palace, but the launch of BBC2 never took place. ITV submitted a request to occupy the third button, but it was refused. At 22:00 it was announced that the issue of launching the TV channel was postponed until the next morning.

Since the Alexandra Palace center was not damaged, from there at 7:25 pm announcer Gerald Priestland read out the TV guide for tomorrow evening. It was assumed that this program guide was not recorded on any medium, but in 2003 a videotape with the program guide was found in the archives.

BBC Two HD

BBC Two broadcasts in HD format originally on BBC HD alongside BBC Three, BBC Four, CBBC and CBeebies. However, CEO Mark Thompson announced on October 6 that all TV channels will soon switch to HD, and this will lead to the elimination of BBC HD. The conversion to widescreen broadcasting saved the corporation £ 2.1 million.

Write a review on "BBC Two"

Notes (edit)

Links

- BBC Two official website



BBC TV

BBC Radio

BBC Workd Service

BBC Worldwide

Thematic services

BBC Local News

Discontinued broadcasting





BBC

British Sky Broadcasting

Channel four

Channel 5

ITV

UKTV

Excerpt from BBC Two

After talking about Princess Marya and her deceased father, whom Malvintseva apparently did not love, and asking that Nikolai knew about Prince Andrei, who, apparently, did not use her favors, the important old woman let him go, repeating the invitation to be with her.
Nikolai promised and blushed again when he bowed to Malvintseva. At the mention of Princess Marya, Rostov experienced a feeling of shyness, even fear, incomprehensible to him.
Departing from Malvintseva, Rostov wanted to return to dancing, but the little governor put her plump hand on Nikolai's sleeve and, saying that she needed to talk to him, took him to the sofa, from which those who were in her left immediately, so as not to interfere with the governor's wife.
“You know, mon cher,” said the governor's wife with a serious expression of a kind little face, “this is definitely a party for you; do you want me to pick you up?
- Who, ma tante? Nikolai asked.
- I'll marry the princess. Katerina Petrovna says that Lily, but in my opinion not, is a princess. Want? I'm sure your maman will be grateful. Really, what a lovely girl! And she's not that bad at all.
“Not at all,” Nikolai said, as if offended. “I, ma tante, as a soldier should, do not ask for anything and do not refuse anything,” Rostov said before he had time to think about what he was saying.
- So remember: this is not a joke.
- What a joke!
- Yes, yes, - as if speaking to herself, said the governor's wife. “And here's another thing, mon cher, entre autres. Vous etes trop assidu aupres de l "autre, la blonde. [My friend. You take too much care of that fair-haired woman.] The husband is too pathetic, really ...
“Oh, no, we are friends,” Nikolai said in simplicity of his soul: it never entered his head that such a fun passing of time for him might not be fun for anyone.
“What nonsense I said, however, to the governor! - Nicholas suddenly recalled at supper. “She will definitely start wooing, but Sonya? ..” And, saying goodbye to the governor, when she, smiling, once again said to him: “Well, then, remember,” he took her aside:
“But here's what, to tell you the truth, ma tante ...
- What, what, my friend; let's go sit here.
Nikolai suddenly felt the desire and the need to tell all his soulful thoughts (such that he would not have told his mother, sister, friend) to this almost alien woman. Later, when he recalled this outburst of unexplained, inexplicable frankness, which had, however, very important consequences for him, Nikolai then, it seemed (as it always seems to people) that he had found a stupid verse; and yet this impulse of frankness, together with other minor events, had enormous consequences for him and for the whole family.
“That's what, ma tante. Maman wants to marry me for a long time to a rich one, but this idea is disgusting to me, to marry for money.
“Oh yes, I understand,” said the governor.
- But Princess Bolkonskaya, that's another matter; firstly, I'll tell you the truth, I really like her, she is to my heart, and then, after I met her in such a position, it was so strange, it often occurred to me that this was fate. Especially think: maman has been thinking about this for a long time, but before I had the chance to meet her, how it all happened: we did not meet. And during the time when Natasha was the bride of her brother, because then I would not have been able to think of marrying her. I must have met her exactly when Natasha's wedding was upset, and then that's it ... Yes, that's what. I have not said this to anyone and will not tell anyone. And only you.
The governor's wife shook his elbow gratefully.
- Do you know Sophie, cousin? I love her, I promised to marry and will marry her ... Therefore, you see that this is out of the question, - Nikolai spoke awkwardly and blushing.
- Mon cher, mon cher, how do you judge? Why, Sophie has nothing, and you said yourself that your dad's business is very bad. And your maman? It will kill her, once. Then Sophie, if she is a girl with a heart, what kind of life will it be for her? Mother is desperate, things are upset ... No, mon cher, you and Sophie must understand this.
Nikolai was silent. He was pleased to hear these conclusions.
“All the same, ma tante, this cannot be,” he said with a sigh, after a pause. - Will the princess still marry me? and again, she is now in mourning. How can you think about it?
- Do you really think that I will marry you now? Il y a maniere et maniere, [Everything has a manner.] - said the governor.
“What a matchmaker you are, ma tante…” said Nicolas, kissing her plump hand.

Arriving in Moscow after her meeting with Rostov, Princess Marya found there her nephew with a tutor and a letter from Prince Andrei, who prescribed them their route to Voronezh, to Aunt Malvintseva. Concerns about the move, concern for her brother, the arrangement of life in a new home, new faces, the upbringing of her nephew - all this drowned out in Princess Marya's soul that feeling as if of temptation that tormented her during her illness and after the death of her father, and especially after meeting with Rostov. She was sad. The impression of the loss of her father, combined in her soul with the death of Russia, now, after a month that had passed since then in the conditions of a deceased life, was felt more and more to her. She was anxious: the thought of the dangers to which her brother was exposed - the only close person left with her, tormented her incessantly. She was preoccupied with raising a nephew for whom she felt constantly incapable; but in the depths of her soul there was agreement with herself, which flowed from the consciousness that she had suppressed the personal dreams and hopes that had risen in herself, connected with the appearance of Rostov.
When the next day after her evening the governor's wife came to Malvintseva and, after talking with her aunt about her plans (making a reservation that, although under the current circumstances it is impossible even to think about formal matchmaking, it is still possible to bring young people together, let them know each other ), and when, having received the approval of her aunt, the governor's wife, under Princess Marya, began to talk about Rostov, praising him and telling how he blushed at the mention of the princess, Princess Marya experienced not a joyful, but painful feeling: her inner consent no longer existed, and again desires, doubts, reproaches and hopes arose.
In the two days that passed from the time of this news to the visit to Rostov, Princess Marya did not stop thinking about how she should behave in relation to Rostov. She decided that she would not go out into the drawing-room when he came to his aunt, that it was indecent for her, in her deep mourning, to receive guests; then she thought it would be rude after what he did for her; then it occurred to her that her aunt and the governor's wife had some kind of views on her and Rostov (their views and words sometimes seemed to confirm this assumption); then she told herself that only she, with her depravity, could think this about them: they could not help but remember that in her position, when she had not yet removed her plesy, such matchmaking would have been offensive both to her and to the memory of her father. Assuming that she would come out to him, Princess Marya invented the words that he would say to her and which she would say to him; and now these words seemed to her unfairly cold, now they were of too great importance. Most of all, when meeting with him, she feared for the embarrassment which, she felt, should have taken possession of her and betrayed her as soon as she saw him.
But when, on Sunday after mass, the footman announced in the drawing room that Count Rostov had arrived, the princess did not show embarrassment; only a slight blush appeared on her cheeks, and her eyes lit up with a new, radiant light.
- Have you seen him, auntie? - said Princess Marya in a calm voice, not knowing how she could be so outwardly calm and natural.
When Rostov entered the room, the princess lowered her head for a moment, as if allowing time for the guest to greet her aunt, and then, at the very time when Nikolai turned to her, she raised her head and met his gaze with shining eyes. With a movement full of dignity and grace, she raised herself with a joyful smile, held out her thin, gentle hand to him and spoke in a voice in which, for the first time, new, female chest sounds were heard. M lle Bourienne, who was in the drawing room, looked at Princess Mary with bewildered surprise. The most skillful coquette, she herself could not have maneuvered better when meeting a person who needed to be liked.
“Either black suits her face, or she really looked so prettier, and I did not notice. And most importantly - this tact and grace! " - thought m lle Bourienne.
If Princess Marya had been able to think at that moment, she would have been even more surprised than M lle Bourienne at the change that had taken place in her. From the moment she saw this sweet, beloved face, some new force of life took possession of her and forced her, against her will, to speak and act. Her face, from the time Rostov entered, suddenly changed. Suddenly, with unexpected striking beauty, appears on the walls of the painted and carved lantern that complex skillful artwork, which seemed before coarse, dark and meaningless, when the light inside is lit up: so suddenly the face of Princess Marya was transformed. For the first time, all that pure spiritual inner work by which she had lived up to now came out. All her inner work, dissatisfied with herself, her suffering, striving for good, humility, love, self-sacrifice - all this now shone in those radiant eyes, in a subtle smile, in every line of her gentle face.
Rostov saw all this as clearly as if he had known her all her life. He felt that the being before him was completely different, better than all those that he had met so far, and better, most importantly, than himself.
The conversation was the simplest and most insignificant. They talked about the war, involuntarily, like everyone else, exaggerating their sadness about this event, they talked about the last meeting, and Nikolai tried to reject the conversation on another subject, talked about the kind governor, about the relatives of Nikolai and Princess Marya.
Princess Marya did not speak of her brother, diverting the conversation to another subject as soon as her aunt spoke of Andrei. It was evident that she could pretend to speak about the misfortunes of Russia, but her brother was an object too close to her heart, and she did not want and could not speak a little about him. Nikolai noticed this, how, with an uncharacteristic insightful observation, he noticed all the shades of Princess Marya's character, which all only confirmed his belief that she was a very special and extraordinary being. Nicholas, just like Princess Marya, blushed and embarrassed when they told him about the princess and even when he thought about her, but in her presence he felt completely free and said at all not what he was preparing, but what instantly and always at the right time came into his head.

BBC, British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is the radio and television broadcasting complex of Great Britain. The corporation carries out internal television and radio broadcasting, as well as external broadcasting by the BBC World Service. The Corporation is not a state-owned media outlet, but a public organization with a Supervisory Board of 12 Trustees appointed by the Queen.

It was created on October 18, 1922 as the British Broadcasting Company (British broadcasting company) by a number of private corporations - Marconi's Wireless Telegraph Company (back on February 14, 1922, it launched the first radio station in Great Britain on medium waves in the western region - 2MT, but on January 17, 1923 it was closed), Metropolitan Vickers Electrical Company, Radio Communication Company, The British Thomson-Houston Company, The General Electric Company, and Western Electric Company. In 1922-1924. The BBC launched a number of regional radio stations on medium waves - 2LO in London (November 14, 1922), 5IT in the West Midlands (November 15 of the same year), 2ZY in North West England (November 15), 5NO in North East England (24 December), 5WA in Wales (13 February 1923), 5SC in Scotland (6 March of the same year), 2FL in Yorkshire and the Humber (16 November), 5PY in Southwest England (28 March 1924), 2BE in North Ireland (September 16, 1924) and 5NG in East Anglia (September 16 of the same year).

On January 1, 1927, the BBC was nationalized and renamed the British Broadcasting Corporation.

On March 9, 1930, the BBC launched the BBC National Program on long waves, regional radio stations were merged into the BBC Regional Program (regular programs were broadcast using a transmitter in Brookmans Park), in 1932 the BBC launched an international radio channel, the BBC Empire Service.

Since 1929, the transmitter has been in use in London. The Baird's company started television production on August 2, 1932. Experimental television broadcasting was carried out using Byrd's electromechanical 30-line system.

In 1934, television broadcasting became regular, albeit limited. In 1936, BBC broadcasting on meter waves in 405 line decomposition standard was launched by the BBC Television Service.

Before the interruption in broadcasting caused by the Second World War, the channel's audience numbered 25-40 thousand homes.

In 1939, the BBC National Program was closed, on its frequency the BBC launched the BBC Forces Program radio station (in 1944 it was renamed the BBC General Forces Program), the BBC Regional Program was renamed to BBC Home Service, BBC Empire Service to BBC Overseas Service.

On July 29, 1945, the BBC launched the BBC Light Program radio station on its frequency instead of the BBC General Forces Program. On March 26, 1946, the BBC's Russian service was broadcast on the territory of the Soviet Union (the first serious broadcast of the corporation in Russian was Stalin's conversation with American correspondents during World War II, when the BBC became a platform for propagating the joint military efforts of the allies, and in particular Great Britain and the USSR), but already in April 1949 the jamming of BBC broadcasts began. Television broadcasting resumed in 1946 from Alexandra Palace station. In the same year, the BBC launched its third longwave radio channel, the BBC Third Program. In 1955, VHF versions of all three BBC radio stations were launched.

For a long time the BBC remained the only television network in Great Britain, but in 1955 it got a competitor - the commercial network ITV, broadcasting on meter waves in the 405 line standard. In broadcasting, the BBC's monopoly continued until the 1970s. A 1962 Broadcasting Committee report compared the two broadcasters, resulting in the BBC's good reviews and ITV has been heavily criticized for the quality of the programs. As a result, the BBC was allowed to open another channel.

BBC TV was renamed BBC1 in 1964, following the launch on the UHF PAL band of BBC2, the UK's third-rated channel (second was ITV). A fire at the Battersea power plant caused an extensive blackout across London, delaying the canal's planned launch on 20 April 1964. The channel was opened by candlelight. BBC Two did not air soap operas or regular news.

In 1965, the BBC Overseas Service was renamed the BBC World Service. In the same year, BBC Home Service was renamed BBC Radio 4, BBC Light Program in BBC Radio 2, BBC The third program was BBC Radio 3, in the same year the BBC launched its fourth radio channel on BBC Light Program on medium waves - BBC Radio 1.

In 1967, the BBC launched regional radio stations BBC Radio Sheffield, BBC Radio Leicester, BBC Radio Merseyside, in 1968 - BBC Radio Stoke, BBC Radio Leeds, BBC Radio Durham, BBC Radio Nottingham, BBC Radio Brighton (now BBC Sussex).

On November 15, 1969, the BBC launched a PAL take on BBC One. In 1970, the BBC launched regional radio stations BBC Radio Manchester, BBC Radio Oxford, BBC Radio Solent, BBC Radio Kent, BBC Radio Bristol, BBC Tees, BBC WM, BBC Radio London, in 1971 - BBC Radio Derby, BBC Radio Humberside, BBC Radio Lancashire, BBC Radio Newcastle, in 1973 BBC Radio Carlisle (now BBC Radio Cumbria).

In 1974, the BBC introduced the first Ceefax teletext system. In 1980, the BBC launched regional radio stations BBC Radio Lincolnshire and BBC Radio Norfolk.

In 1981, the BBC launched the BBC Computer Literacy Project and Acorn Computers released home computer BBC Micro (with software in BBC BASIC language) which could also relay Ceefax and Prestel through special set-top boxes (Teletext Adapter and Prestel Adapter), and in 1986 the next model of home computers was launched - BBC Master. In 1982, the BBC launched regional radio stations - BBC Radio Cambridgeshire, BBC Radio Northampton, BBC Radio Guernsey, BBC Radio Jersey, in 1983 BBC Radio York, BBC Radio Cornwall, BBC Radio Devon. In the same year, a transmission system was launched software via Ceefax - Telesoftware.

In 1985, BBC1's 405 line broadcast was discontinued. In 1985, the BBC launched regional radio stations BBC Radio Bedfordshire (now BBC Three Counties Radio) and BBC Radio Shropshire, in 1986 - BBC Essex, in 1988 - BBC Radio Gloucestershire, BBC Somerset, in 1989 - BBC Wiltshire, BBC Hereford and Worcester.

In 1987, the BBC Radio 1 version was launched on VHF. In the same year, Telesoftware was discontinued.

On March 11, 1991, the BBC launched the international satellite channel BBC World Service Television. On January 30, 1994, it was split into BBC World and BBC Prime. On September 9, 1997 the BBC launched the BBC News satellite channel, on September 23 the BBC Choice satellite channel, on June 1, 1999 on the BBC Knowledge satellite channel, on February 11, 2002 on the CBBC satellite channel.

On November 15, 1998, digital duplicates of all terrestrial and satellite channels of the BBC were launched in the DVB-T standard. On March 2, 2002, BBC Knowledge was renamed BBC Four. On March 11 of the same year, the BBC launched the digital radio station BBC Radio 6. On February 9, 2003, BBC Choice was renamed BBC Three. In July 2004, the BBC celebrated its 82nd anniversary. The recording of this event was released on DVD. At the end of 2006, BBC Television's management, headed by Joana Bennett, merged into a broader group: BBC Vision.

The BBC's international television coverage continued to grow during this period. On June 19, 2002, the BBC launched the international satellite channel BBC Food. In July 2003, the BBC began broadcasting programs via the Astra 2D satellite at a cost of £ 85 million to the BBC. On December 1, 2004, the BBC launched the international Japanese-language satellite channel BBC Japan. BBC Japan was closed on April 30, 2006. On 11 July 2007 the BBC launched the international satellite channels BBC Lifestyle and BBC Knowledge.

On December 1, 2007, the BBC launched the BBC HD TV channel in 1080i resolution on channel 102. On December 2, 2009, a BBC HD take on the DVB-T2 standard was launched. On November 3, 2010, the BBC launched BBC One HD in 1080i on Channel 101. On October 24, 2012, the broadcasting of analogue duplicates of all BBC TV channels stopped broadcasting, by this time the broadcasting of duplicates of all BBC radio channels on medium waves (except for BBC Radio 4) had also stopped. On 13 February 2013, BBC HD was renamed BBC Two HD.

The BBC World Service has stopped broadcasting in 10 languages since 2007. The money saved was used to create a new TV channel in Arabic. This year's reductions have mainly affected radio editions broadcasting to Central European countries. The Bulgarian, Hungarian, Greek, Polish, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian and Czech services were closed. In addition, broadcasting in the Kazakh and Thai languages was closed. Broadcasting in Brazil has also been curtailed (the BBC Brazilian Service website has survived) and Internet broadcasting in Hindi. All these transformations were planned to be completed by March 2006. The growth of international television broadcasting continued. On March 11, 2008, the BBC launched the BBC Arabic Television, an international Arabic-language satellite channel, which began broadcasting around the clock in 2009.

On April 21, 2008, BBC World was renamed BBC World News. BBC Food was closed on December 26, 2008. On 14 January 2009, the BBC launched the BBC Persian Television, an international satellite Persian-language channel. On November 11, 2009, BBC Prime was renamed BBC Entertainment. In 2011, due to the company's budget cuts, the work of the Albanian, Macedonian and Serbian services of the BBC was completely stopped. Services that produced programs for the Caribbean in English and for African countries in Portuguese were also closed. Seven services have given up radio broadcasting, continuing to work on the Internet. Among them are the Russian, Azerbaijani and Ukrainian services of the BBC. The last radio broadcast of the Ukrainian and Russian BBC services took place on April 29, 2011.

In 2014, the BBC launched the international television channel BBC First, in 2015 the BBC launched the international television channel BBC Brit, BBC Earth.

BBC is TV, radio, internet broadcasting in Great Britain and around the world

BBC: television, news, internet, radio, films, documentaries

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BBC is, definition

The air force is The non-mass media corporation, founded in 1922, carries out both internal and external Internet broadcasting, as well as radio and television broadcasting. Outside the UK, they are mainly known: the BBC World Service radio broadcasting in 28 different languages, as well as the BBC World News TV channel. The corporation is a public organization with a supervisory board of 12 trustees selected by the Queen of Brittany.

BBC (English British Broadcasting Corporation, BBC) is radio and television broadcasting complex of Great Britain.

BBC is one of the largest news agencies in the world, founded in the UK in 1992.

BBC is a series of informative documentaries covering various topics.

The media corporation carries out both internal and external Internet, radio and television broadcasting by the BBC World Service. The corporation is not a state-owned media, but a public organization with a supervisory board of 12 trustees appointed by the Queen of England. Outside the UK, the main known are the BBC World Service radio, which broadcasts in 28 languages, and the BBC World News television channel.

The company was founded in 1922. International broadcasting began in 1932. From 1929, a transmitter in London was in use, by 1930 regular television programs were broadcast using an antenna in Brookmans Park. The Baird's company, now known as BBC One, began television production on August 2, 1932. Before the interruption in broadcasting caused by the Second World War, the channel's audience numbered 25-40 thousand homes. The break was due to the fact that VHF transmissions would serve as an excellent bearing for German bombers, and engineers and technicians were needed for military purposes.

In 1946, television broadcasting resumed with Alexandra Palace. The BBC Television Service broadcast a wide variety of programs to reach a wide audience. BBC TV was renamed BBC1 in 1964, following the launch of BBC2, the UK's third-rated channel (second was ITV). A fire at the Battersea power plant caused an extensive blackout across London, delaying the canal's planned launch on 20 April 1964. The channel was opened by candlelight. BBC2 was the first British channel to broadcast in the UHF range.

The Alexander Palace TV tower in London has been operated by the BBC since 1936.

Host David Attenborough left BBC Two to work for BBC Natural History until the 1950s. The whole world knows the programs created by this association by David Attenborough: "Life on Earth", "Invisible Life of Plants", "Blue Planet" and "Planet Earth".

In 1974, the BBC introduced the first Ceefax teletext system.

In July 2003, the BBC began broadcasting programs via the Astra 2D satellite at a cost of £ 85 million to the BBC.

In July 2004, the BBC celebrated its fiftieth anniversary. The recording of this event was released on DVD. At the end of 2006, BBC Television's management, headed by Jana Bennett, merged into a broader group: BBC Vision.

BBC logos

For a relatively long time, the BBC did not have a permanent logo. In 1936, when television broadcasts began, the gaps between programs were filled with different test cards or simple inscriptions. In 1953, Abram Games drew a logo in the spirit of the time, nicknamed "Bat" s wings, with a rotating globe in the center of the logo, and for the BBC in Scotland the lion was placed in the center.

In the early 1990s, the letters aligned, leaving only two colors: black and white; also the font was changed to Gill Sans. This can be traced back to 1932, when the designer of this typeface, Eric Gill, was the key sculptor for the "Broadcasting House" project.

The history of the BBC

The BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) was founded on 18 October 1922 as British Broadcasting Company Ltd. by a group of enterprises as a private structure. The first transmission was made on November 14 of the same year. In 1927, the company was granted a royal privilege.

She herself was nationalized by the government, although she remained independent in editorial policy and had broad self-government. The company began broadcasting outside the UK in December 1932. The message of the "Imperial Service", as it was then called, was intended to unite the English-speaking population of the British Empire. Soon after the broadcast began, King George V was the first of the monarchs to go on the air with a Christmas greeting. He addressed “people cut off by snow and deserts, who can only be reached by on-air voices.” The BBC's first regular television broadcasts began in November 1936, when all other broadcasters were experimenting with remote transmission of images. The first two non-English services (Spanish for Latin America and Arabic) began operations in 1938. And by the start of World War II, the BBC was broadcasting in seven languages. Before the break in broadcasting caused by the war, the channel's audience numbered 25-40 thousand homes. The break was due to the fact that ultra-short transmission waves would serve as an excellent bearing for German bombers, and engineers and technicians were needed for military purposes.

In 1946, television broadcasting resumed with Alexandra Palace. The BBC Television Service has produced a variety of programs to reach a wide audience. In the post-war period, a global "transistor revolution" took place, thanks to which the population had millions of inexpensive radios. This led to an explosive growth in radio audiences around the world, for which the BBC World Service and many other broadcasters fought.

After the war, the BBC was the first television company in the world to create its own educational television programs and informative documentary television series, for example, "Wildlife" and "Walking with the Dinosaurs".

BBC TV was renamed BBC One in 1964, following the launch of BBC Two, the third most rated channel in the UK (second was ITV). A fire at the Battersea power plant caused an extensive blackout across London, delaying the canal's planned launch on 20 April 1964. Therefore, the channel was opened by candlelight. BBC Two was the first UK channel to broadcast in the ultra-high frequency range. The whole world knows the programs created by this association by David Attenborough: Life on Earth, Private Life of Plants, Blue Planet and Planet Earth. In 1967, BBC Two became the first channel in Europe to broadcast television in color (BBC One and ITV did not begin broadcasting in color until November 1969).

In 1974, BBC introduced the first teletext system, Ceefax, a television network service providing text and simple images. In 1988, the External Service was renamed the BBC World Service.

The BBC is governed by a 12-member board of directors and a CEO who are appointed by the Queen on the advice of the government. Financially, the BBC's worldwide service was funded by the Foreign Office (Foreign and Commonwealth Office of Great Britain), but in October 2010 it relinquished these responsibilities, transferring the BBC to the main balance of the British Broadcasting Corporation. The legal basis for the company's activities is the charter - the charter according to which the British Broadcasting Corporation exists. The current Charter entered into force in 2007 and will end at the end of 2016. The document fully recognizes the editorial independence of the BBC and defines the public objectives, role and structure of the corporation. In addition, the charter outlines the BBC's core values:

1. Trust is the foundation of the BBC; we are independent, impartial and honest.

2. The audience is at the center of everything we do.

3. We are proud of the quality of our work.

4. Creativity is the flesh and blood of our organization.

5. We respect everyone and give everyone the opportunity to do what they do best.

6. We are one BBC: when we work together, we can do a lot.

The BBC currently broadcasts in 32 languages. According to the most recent BBC global audience survey (as of May 2007), it has 183 million listeners per week. About 37.6 million of this number listen to the BBC in English. The main seat of the World Service is Bush House. It was named after the man who built it, Irving Bush, who owns the New York-based Bush Terminal company. The BBC's mission is to enrich people's lives with programs and services that inform, educate and entertain, and to be the most creative organization.

The satellite era for the BBC began in 1991, when it was loudly trumpeted around the world on Pay TV for Europe and Asia. On April 15, 1992, transmissions to Africa began. The strategic goal then was the creation of a global BBC channel, which was implemented in 1993. The program, being produced in London, consisted mainly of a mixture of existing BBC television programs. In the evenings, BBC World Service ran a half-hour news bulletin with weather and financial information. The rest of the program consisted of television feature stories, theatrical programs, light entertainment music, sports and children's broadcasts, chronicles and news. BBC Worldwide Television (the BBC's main commercial arm) is responsible for everything related to the BBC's commercial and international television activities. ... It is the largest international broadcaster and a leading distributor and co-producer of BBC programs. BBC Worldwide Television was formed in May 1994 through the merger of the television portion of BBC Enterprises and the BBC business channel World Service Television.

In 1994-95, BBC Worldwide was granted a patent for more than 14,500 hours of programming in over 80 countries, making the BBC Europe's largest exporter of television programming; the most famous of them were "Great White Shark", "Mid-March", "Absolutely Incredible."

BBC Worldwide Television has dedicated teams specialized in their programming areas, working with the BBC's production department, independent producers and eight overseas offices. These teams define investment policy, marketing and commercial strategy for key programs with possible subsequent licensing internationally. In 1994-95 alone, 111 cooperation agreements were concluded with broadcasters in 14 countries, and BBC Worldwide Television's deals at the Cannes Festival (MIPTV Program Market) reached £ 15.4 million. BBC Worldwide Television has overseas offices in New York, Los Angeles, Toronto, Sydney, Hong Kong, Tokyo, Paris and Cologne that represent BBC Worldwide Television outside the UK. In January 1995, BBC World Service Televisions (news and information channel) was renamed BBC World and partially reorganized for launch in Europe. The new channel has been merged with BBC Prime (now BBC Entertainment), and the main BBC World Service Televisions television channels and programs have been relaunched.

The World Service has repeatedly said that it cannot afford to stand still, therefore, in order to keep up with technological changes, it constantly updates its list of services and modernizes old services. In 2006, the BBC launched a public test broadcast of HD television. BBC HD is broadcast 24/7 on terrestrial television in the UK, as well as on the Astra 2D satellite. On 3 November 2010, the BBC launched another HD channel - BBC One HD, the second BBC HD channel. And in 2012, the BBC will broadcast only in HD format from the London Olympics.

In July 2007, the BBC began providing a new service, currently only available to residents of the UK. iPlayer is an easy-to-use gadget that allows you to access TV broadcasts from your computer. Thanks to him, you can watch TV programs of the past seven days, as well as listen to both live and recorded radio programs.

Residents of the United Kingdom get access to TV programs through iPlayer for free; they are offered in high quality and without advertising screensavers. After downloading a TV or radio program to a computer, the user has 30 days to start watching it and seven days to complete it. In the same year, the British Broadcasting Corporation BBC launched a new service - Internet access via TV. If successful, this state corporation could become one of the leading players in the Internet access market.

In 2009, the BBC has a new digital communications department. This is due to the fact that the BBC is interested in digital broadcasting through satellite and digital services, in addition, the audience for digital television is growing rapidly. The new division is headed by Paul Elmond, who previously headed the Air Force Vision. In the same year, the BBC launched a new service - broadcasting its TV programs to mobile phones. Viewers can watch programs from channels such as BBC One, BBC Four, CBeebies and BBC News.

In March 2010, the BBC provided several high-budget documentaries to the Ukrainian entertainment channel TVi.

In 2010, the corporation decided to expand its field of activity and open its own animation studio. At the moment, the management is looking for a suitable location for the new division. The BBC's animators will work on both the production of content for both adults and the company's younger audience. To do this, their efforts to create the studio will combine two divisions of the BBC, specializing in the production of entertainment and children's programs. The formation of the new division will be completed in early 2011.

The BBC manages to combine classic plays, fresh, new comedies, authentic stories, educational and children's programming, live concert broadcasts, new music, and religious programming. And all this over a long period of time, especially in England, but it also attracts audiences from many other countries.

Over the past 2 years, the BBC has saved a total of £ 200 million through effective implementations and innovations. The BBC intends to use these funds to create new programs and investments in new digital technologies to make the company's products even more efficient and competitive.

The BBC is its own name in the TV and radio programming market. 95% of UK homes watch and listen to the BBC every week at 3.7p an hour subscriber response rate. The response rate to BBC programs is overwhelming. The BBC's commercial activity generates $ 72 million in annual "fees" - a successful business by all standards, but even that is small compared to the $ 1.7 billion the channel receives and spends each year on everything related to licenses and broadcasting rights. .BBC places great emphasis on listening to the views of viewers and listeners during programs for the sake of communication and, of course, exploring the ideas that the audience expects from the channel. The BBC is interested in its audience to meet its creative ambitions.

The teletext of BBC channels is quite diverse and easy to use. Traditionally, page 100 offers a menu in the main sections. On the BBC World teletext pages you can find messages from hot spots of the planet, news from war zones, and right there, along with them, a completely serious message like "is there life on Mars" about the research of scientists. Sports fans will be interested in the results of European football cup matches, news from tennis courts, as well as competition results and data on rugby, motor sports, athletics, equestrian sports, boxing, golf and cricket. The Sport Diary section offers announcements of upcoming sporting events. A fairly large section is devoted to finance and economics. Here you can find out the current ratios of world currencies, prices for metals and oil on various exchanges, indices, economic news, and much more from the field of the financial market.

BBC radio stations

BBC Radio 1: targeted at young audiences, broadcasts contemporary pop and rock music (including the top 40 most popular singles), news, studio live and concerts, musical documentaries

BBC Radio 3: arts and culture, hobby music (classical, jazz), news, studio live performances and concerts, musical documentary

BBC Television

Europe. BBC Worldwide Television broadcasts on a 24-hour channel to Europe: BBC Entertainment Europe (formerly BBC Prime), a high quality entertainment channel with an annual fee.

Asia. BBC World News is freely available for viewing throughout mainland Asia and since June 1994 in Hong Kong on coastal cable networks. In Japan, BBC World News also broadcasts 24 hours a day, including 4 hours of Japanese coverage. Since December 2004, the entertainment channel BBC Japan began to broadcast in the Land of the Rising Sun. For a monthly fee of $ 6, viewers were able to watch popular TV shows in Britain, including EastEnders. BBC Japan was launched after another British Broadcasting Corporation television channel, BBC Prime, had success in some Asian markets. But in 2006 BBC Japan started having problems. The reason for the closure of the station was the financial problems experienced by the Japanese partner of the British broadcasting corporation - Japan MediArk Co. (JMC).

On March 4, 2008, the BBC launched a satellite and cable TV channel in Arabic. The 12-hour BBC Arabic broadcast is now free and available to anyone connected to cable or satellite TV in North Africa, the Middle East and the Persian Gulf. The financing of the new channel, which competed with Al Jazeera and Al Arabiya, was taken over by the British Kingdom. £ 25m was spent on BBC Arabic. To cover the costs of broadcasting BBC Arabic in 2005, 10 other foreign-language BBC channels had to be closed (Bulgarian, Hungarian, Greek, Polish, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian and Czech services were closed). In addition, broadcasting in the Kazakh and Thai languages was closed. “Closing multiple language services is a daunting decision,” said BBC Executive Director Nigel Chapman. “We took into account three factors - the relative geopolitical importance of each market, the availability of independent national and regional media, and our audience in these regions.” which a year earlier, in 2009, the BBC expanded the BBC Arabic broadcast network to 24 hours a day.

Middle East. In addition to the Panamsat 4 satellite, from which you can freely watch programs in the Middle East, the BBC channel is broadcast on Bahrain television and on cable TV. In addition, BBC Persian TV launched on 14 January 2009, targeting Persian speakers in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan. Broadcast from the London BBC Studios daily from 12:30 to 21:30.

America. Headquartered in New York and Los Angeles, BBC Worldwide America operates BBC Worldwide in the United States, including the BBC America cable channel and the dual coastal production unit responsible for the popular Dancing with the Stars program. stars ").

Africa. The BBC showed growing interest in the African market by announcing in 2008 the launch of a new family of channels in Africa - BBC Entertainment, BBC Knowledge, BBC Lifestyle and Cbeebies. The channels were launched on September 1, 2008, replacing BBC Food and the former entertainment channel BBC Prime. “The African market has always been very important to us. We plan to invest a significant amount of funds in it, in particular, we are now launching four thematic channels in Africa, ”said Dean Possenniski, CEO and Senior Vice President for Europe, Middle East and Africa at BBC Worldwide Channels. The channels are available 24 hours a day by subscription through a company based in South Africa.

BBC World News

BBC World News is a 24-hour international news and information channel that covers Asia, Africa, Australia, the Middle East and Europe, as well as New Zealand, Canada and selected countries in Asia and Africa. It is the most popular among all the corporation's TV channels.

Launched in October 1991 as BBC World Service Television, the channel was renamed BBC World. Broadcasts to Europe began in January 1995. BBC World broadcast news hourly and 5 review programs every day of the week. It had 250 correspondents on the BBC's global network and offered viewers a "kaleidoscope" of regular news programs, expert analytical reviews, business, sports and regional news along with frequent weather reports from the BBC Weather Center. These broadcasts complemented wide range business, documentary information and other programs. BBC World news programs were provided to such airlines as British Airways, Cathay Pacific, Air India, Royal Brunei, KLM, Air Mauritius, Lufthansa.

Initially, the channel was planned as a regular overseas broadcasting channel, although unlike the BBC world radio, which is funded by the government of England, the government of England refused to pay subsidies for the channel. The channel was launched on March 11, 1991. After two weeks of pilot programs, the channel began to broadcast permanently on January 1, 1994, the channel was split into two parts: one channel was an entertainment channel that required a special subscription, the other was a news channel. In the same year, 94, the channel underwent a minor rebranding. From 1994 to 1997, the graphics and studio design of the news programs were very similar to those used on regular BBC channels in England.

New design The channel and updates came after the new corporation logo appeared on October 4, 1997, and the graphics changed on November 9, 1997. Another major change in the appearance on the channel came in 1999, when the news acquired the same corporate colors both red and cream, as well as the uniform score for the "back report", which was written by composer David Lowe, thus deviating from the main melodies with the orchestra.

In 2003, it underwent a new rebranding, using the same "COUNTDOWNS" as the background music. The graphics have also changed. The music was changed a little while the graphics were changed to black and red, using frosted glass in the studio, as well as reds and whites. Later, in 2004, the channel's slogan was changed, which directly indicated that the channel was completely news. In 2008, the channel was renamed BBC World News. New graphics were created as well as reworked music by David Lowe.

BBC Entertainment Channel

Alongside BBC World News, it is the second largest 24-hour coded entertainment channel available in continental Europe alone to over 4.2 million subscribers. Beginning in 1995, BBC Prime became the BBC's international entertainment channel. It has been broadcast in Europe, Africa and the Middle East via satellite and cable television systems to over 11 million subscribers in 100 countries. In terms of distribution, the channel was one of the most popular European channels. Data from an EMS 2002 survey showed that BBC Prime is ranked fourth among all European channels in terms of weekly views of 24/7 channels.

In 2009, he changed his name from BBC Prime to BBC Entertainment. The channel name change was sacrificed in line with the BBC Worldwide channel rebranding. By the end of its broadcast, BBC Prime reached about 12 million households in Europe and the Middle East. BBC Entertainment began broadcasting in Asia in 2006. In addition, it has several localized versions in India, Poland, Africa, Scandinavia and South America.

BBC Entertainment now presents a mixture of entertainment programs, films of all genres, The best music, children's programs, games (by the way, the Weak Link program first appeared on BBC Prime), films of all genres for the whole family.

The current state of the BBC

The BBC owns two terrestrial and three cable / satellite / digital TV channels in the UK, 14 national digital radio stations, several internet sites, and about 40 magazines. BBC Worldwide owns the international channels BBC Prime, BBC Canada and BBC America. BBC revenues in 2005 - $ 7.205 billion In the UK, the BBC has more than 20 different TV channels, including the 24-hour news channel - BBC News. Radio broadcasting is carried out on 14 different channels, broadcasting news, radio shows, sports and music of different styles and trends.

The corporation also owns the international news channel BBC World News, thanks to its coverage, is the most popular BBC TV channel.

Financially, the BBC subsists on a special fee that is paid by all residents of the country who have a TV at home, as well as any device that allows you to view a video signal in real time, including mobile phone... This amount is £ 2.8 billion (almost $ 5.4 billion) annually. Legally, the BBC operates in accordance with the Charter (the statute by which the British Broadcasting Corporation exists). The BBC's charter, which defines the tasks, role and structure of the corporation, first came into force in 1927. It is updated every 10 years.

The BBC World Service (formerly the Reich Service) began operations in 1932. Today it broadcasts in 28 languages, including English. Total number of all listeners included in the World Branch Service exceeds 150 million people.

The main seat of the World Service, Bush House, gets its name from Irving Bush, who built it, owner of the New York-based Bush Terminal company and a relative of former United States President George W. Bush.

Like the American radio stations Voice of America and Liberty, Free Europe, the BBC, in the light of the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the USSR, as well as in connection with the fight against international terrorism, changed the priorities of foreign broadcasting. The BBC World Service has stopped broadcasting in 10 languages since 2007. The money saved was used to create a new TV channel in Arabic.

The Arab TV channel became the first international TV service of the BBC in a language other than English. The new channel began broadcasting in 2008. In 2009, it began broadcasting around the clock.

The reductions in 2006 mainly affected radio editions broadcasting to the countries of Central Europe. The Bulgarian, Hungarian, Greek, Polish, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian and Czech services will be closed. In addition, broadcasting in the Kazakh and Thai languages will be closed. There were also plans to curtail radio broadcasting in Brazil (the BBC Brazilian Service website will remain) and Internet broadcasting in Hindi. All these transformations were planned to be completed by March 2006.

In 2011, due to the company's budget cuts, the work of the Albanian, Macedonian and Serbian services of the BBC was completely stopped. Services that produced programs for the Caribbean in English and for African countries in Portuguese were also closed. Seven services have given up radio broadcasting, continuing to work on the Internet. Among them are the Azerbaijani and Ukrainian services of the BBC. The last radio broadcast of the Ukrainian BBC service took place on April 29, 2011.

bbc ctujlyz

BBC in Russia

On June 23, 1941, speaking in parliament, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill announced to his compatriots about Germany's attack on the Soviet Union. The BBC decided to translate Churchill's historic speech into Russian and broadcast to radio listeners in the USSR. This broadcast laid the foundation for the Russian-language broadcast of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). was called the BBC World Service), disputes about the advisability of regular broadcasting in Russian began to be heard more and more actively.

Opponents argued that the USSR was not interested in news from Great Britain and that very few people there had shortwave receivers. In addition, after the broadcast of the translation of Churchill's speech, Soviet diplomats accredited in London "softly" made it clear that Moscow did not see the point in broadcasts of this kind. As a result, the regular broadcasting of the British Broadcasting Corporation in Russian began only five years later, after the famous Fulton Churchill's speech on the "Iron Curtain".

On March 24, 1946 at 7:45 pm Moscow time, Sonya (Betty) Horsfall hosted the first program prepared by the BBC's Russian Section, which included reports of talks between Iran and the USSR on the withdrawal of Soviet troops announced by the Soviet Union. evacuations from Manchuria, the upcoming session of the UN Security Council and the arrival in India of a British government delegation to negotiate self-government. The second half of the program consisted of light music.

BBC broadcasting in Russian has always been conducted in accordance with the principles formulated by the founder of the BBC Lord Riet: "to inform, educate, entertain."

Anatoly Goldberg was the personification of the BBC's "gentlemanly" style.

Since the BBC did not see itself as an alternative to domestic broadcasting in the USSR, the programs in Russian did not place much emphasis on events in Russia. The main focus of the programs was on life in the UK.

This was the fundamental difference between Russian-language broadcasting from, for example, the American radio "Osvobozhdenie" (later - Radio "Liberty"), which was initially noticeably politicized and focused on reports about Soviet Russia. However, there were some critical moments. So, in 1949, the former head of the provisional government of Russia, Alexander Kerensky, spoke on the waves of the BBC. In his speech, he essentially called for an uprising, which immediately sparked a protest from the Kremlin.

Earlier, in January 1948, the British government ordered an anti-communist propaganda policy, and the then head of the BBC's Eastern European Service supported the initiative. Later, together with the staff of the British Foreign Office, he singled out those strata of Soviet society that, in principle, could show disloyalty to the existing regime: prisoners of labor camps, dudes and students, low-paid workers, representatives of national minorities and believers - and proposed to directly or indirectly encourage their moods. On April 24, 1949, the USSR first began jamming BBC broadcasts. The BBC retaliated by negotiating with other Western radio stations, primarily Voice of America, and began bombarding the USSR with radio broadcasts in such a way that they would go out. at the same time, but at different frequencies. The tactic worked. Effective work jammers were achieved only in Moscow, Leningrad and several other large cities.

The BBC remained the most moderate and unbiased of all Western radio stations broadcasting to the USSR.

One of the most prominent figures in the Russian service of that time was Anatoly Goldberg. For many listeners, his calm voice has embodied the spirit of the BBC Russian Service for nearly 40 years. In Moscow, Goldberg was once branded as a spy and was forbidden to come to the USSR.

Since the 1950s, the BBC's jamming has become a kind of barometer of relations between Moscow and London. It stopped and then renewed.

During the years of the Khrushchev thaw, a weekly pop-music program was broadcast, which became the forerunner of a very popular rock program, created later by Seva Novgorodtsev. It was hosted by Anthony (Anthony) Cash, who accompanied the programs with funny ditties.

At the same time, the BBC began organizing quizzes. First, books about Great Britain were raffled off as prizes, and in 1965 winners of a particularly challenging quiz were offered a two-week trip to Great Britain. Hundreds of letters have arrived. But the two winners were not allowed to leave the USSR.

After 1968, it made no sense at all to conduct quizzes.

The secrecy and lack of promptness of the Russian media gave foreign broadcasters a significant advantage. So, in 1964, the BBC, long before Soviet journalists, announced the removal of Khrushchev from power. In addition, BBC listeners were able to hear an analysis of this event and the reaction of the world to the change of the Kremlin elite.

Since 1992, several programs have been rebroadcast weekly by Radio Russia. In 1999, the audience was 6 million people a week. FM rebroadcasting was discontinued in November 2006. Broadcasts continue on medium wave in large cities and on shortwave and satellite. The Russian BBC service ceased broadcasting on March 26, 2011, while continuing to broadcast on the Internet and via satellite.

In 2005, radio host of the BBC Russian Service Seva Novgorodtsev became a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire. This award was presented to him at Buckingham Palace personally by Queen Elizabeth II for outstanding achievements in radio journalism. The news program "Looking from London" and the comments of the day by Anatoly Maksimovich Goldberg were very popular.

The station's waves included the famous musical program of Seva Novgorodtsev, which aired at midnight on Fridays and repeated on Saturdays. This program lasted 30 minutes and introduced radio listeners to the latest British charts, and also included interesting stories about Western bands and musicians. In 2005, radio host of the BBC Russian Service Seva Novgorodtsev became a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire. This award was presented to him at Buckingham Palace personally by Queen Elizabeth II for outstanding achievements in radio journalism. The news program "Looking from London" and the comments of the day by Anatoly Maksimovich Goldberg were very popular.

BBC Russian service official website

The Internet domain was registered in January 1998.

Initially, the site bbcrussian.com, which hosted the broadcast schedule with the coordinates of the London edition, was made by a group of enthusiasts from the staff of the service.

Over the next two years, a team of journalists appeared on the site, preparing and updating news materials. In the late 1990s, the BBC Russian Service began broadcasting on the Internet.

In 2000, the management of the BBC World Service decided to develop a single design and introduce a single publication system for the sites of all language services. Since the fall of 2000, the BBC Russian Service website has been updated around the clock, seven days a week.

Initially, the website of the Russian Service existed in a fixed format with a width of 600 pixels, but in May 2003 the site's design underwent major changes, and the page width increased to 800 pixels.

Since March 2006, the site has started to publish news videos of its own production, which have been updated around the clock since spring 2009. In addition, since 2007, podcasting has appeared on the bbcrussian.com site. Today on home page site contains regularly updated podcasts of programs "BibiSeva", "You have the word", "Fifth floor", as well as lessons of English language.

Since April 2009, the site of the Russian Service has completely changed its appearance again, having switched to a fixed width of 1024 pixels.

Sources and links

bbc.co.uk - the official website of the BBC

ru.wikipedia.org - Wikipedia-free library

kremlin.ru - official website of the President of Russia

o-dengah.ru - information site about money

ria.ru - information site

bse.sci-lib.com - Great Soviet Encyclopedia

beriuk.blogspot.com - Forex Blog

ru.reuters.com is the official website of Reuters in Russian Federation and CIS