IT technology where to learn. Universities on information technology

Being an IT specialist today is not only honorable, but also profitable!
The quality of education obtained by experts has a direct connection with the level of development and literacy of the application of information technologies.

To obtain education, it is necessary not just the process of transferring knowledge, you need to transmit more skills and skills, and this is systematically. Those who transmit knowledge, skills and skills should be literate in all respects.

The system of higher education is not the only one, but at the moment officially dominating the basic part of the Russian system of preparation of the younger generation of high-class IT specialists. In Russia, more than 270 universities work with IT. Today IT specialist is a pretty popular profession. The main focus on the IT market is "programming, development". The directions are also quite popular - "Project Management", "Engineers", "System Integration" and "Support, HelpDesk".

What universities and institutions are preparing professional IT specialists?

Based on the analysis of the largest SuperJob database and the current ratings of the Russian universities, including the expert's annual RA, the rating was drawn up among universities, which produce more popular and highly paid IT specialists. According to the site, 33 Russian universities that produce the preparation of IT specialists can be distinguished:

MSU - Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov
MEPI - National Research Nuclear University "MIII"
MFTI - Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University)
NSU - Novosibirsk State University
MSTU them. Bauman - Moscow State Technical University. N.E. Bauman
MIEM - Moscow State Institute of Electronics and Mathematics "MIEM" (Technical University)
NSTU - Novosibirsk State Technical University
NNU - Nizhny Novgorod State University. Lobachevsky (National Research University)
SPbSU - St. Petersburg State University
Urals - Ural Federal University. First President of Russia B.N.ELtsin
SSTU - Saratov State Technical University
UGATU - Ufa State Aviation Technical University
KFU - Kazan (Volga) Federal University
MAI - National Research University Moscow Aviation Institute
MIET - National Research University Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology
NSTU - Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University. R.E. Alexseeva
MEI - National Research University Moscow Energy Institute
OGU - Orenburg State University
PGU - Penza State University
VolgGTU - Volgograd State Technical University
SPbGPU - St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University
Tulgu - Tula State University
IZhSTU - Izhevsk State Technical University
VLGU - Vladimir State University. A.G. and N.G. Tabletovaya
MSU MEAA - Moscow State Technical University of Radio Engineering, Electronics and Automation
RGTU - Ryazan State Radio Engineering University
Book them. Tupolev - Kazan State Technical University. A.N.Tuolev
SPbGETI "LETI" - St. Pother's State Electrotechnical University "LETI" them. V.I. Ulyanova (Lenin)
VSTU - Voronezh State Technical University
MGUPI - Moscow State University of Instrument Engineering and Informatics
MIIT - Moscow State University of Communications
SPBSAP - St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
SPBSU ITMO - St. Petersburg State University of Information Technologies

These universities are preparing specialists in the following specialties:

Information Systems.
Information Technology.
Modeling and researching operations in organizational and technical systems.
Applied math.
Applied Informatics.
Computer security.
Computing machines, complexes, systems and networks.
Automated information processing and management systems.
Automated Design Systems.
Software computer equipment and automated systems.
Organization and technology for the protection of information.
Complex protection of informatization objects.
Comprehensive support for information security of automated systems.
Information security of telecommunication systems.

The table shows the data wages IT specialists employed in the specialty:

A qualified IT specialist is now on gold weight.

¹ Portal Superjob

Kovalchuk Tatyana
Recruiting company Aviconn.
Recruitment consultant

In the age of information technology, the most important direction of combating fraud and competitors was the protection of information. Improperness of financial flows, the secrecy of development and strategic decisions is one of the indispensable conditions for stability and business prosperity. Therefore, unemployment does not threaten unemployment specialists. And universities preparing them, do not have problems with a set of freshmen.

In modern reality, intangible assets are the most valuable assets - intellectual property and information. They are most often the object of hunting for unfair competitors, fraudsters and adventurers of all stripes. Modern technologies allow you to transfer information to dozens of methods. Exchange, Skype and other similar virtual services are not only comfortable, but also certainly vulnerable channels. The last years of twenty all over the world there is an endless struggle between those who seek by all truths and inconsistencies to maintain the confidentiality of stored and transmitted data, and those who are not averse to using "holes" in systems electronic security. With the transition to virtual payments between banks, clients and even by individuals, with the widespread introduction of electronic tickets, financial fraud received a powerful impetus to development and reached a qualitatively new level of development. And services for the protection of banking information and personal data (including logins and passwords access to their accounts of individuals) have become in demand as ever before.

Recent example: one of cellular operators announced a "launch" new services. Via plastic cards International payment systems registered with a specific phone number, all those wishing to make payments to any accounts. As a result, a good idea turned a disaster: Electronic Prokhindia learned to access subscriber numbers and, accordingly, to their bank accounts.

Today, information security becomes one of the priority directions of development and business conservation. Many companies from various sectors of the economy create their own electronic security services or, at least, refer to specialized firms. But so far, according to the annual international research in the information security information "Ernst & Young", IT-risk management program that is able to prevent threats related to the use of new technologies have been introduced in less than a third of international companies.

According to this study, half of the respondents and managers of companies in the near future plan to increase the costs of ensuring the prevention of data leakage. In this regard, they make changes to information policies, introduce encryption technologies, strengthen control of user identification.

Therefore, the demand for information protection specialists continues to exceed the offer.

The first step to promising work is a higher education in the specialties "Protection of information" (RGU, MGLU, MGUPS), "Providing information security of automated systems" (MSTU, MESI, MEPI, MGUPI), "Complex defense of informatization objects" (MIET, MAI, MIII, MEI), "Information Security of Telecommunication Systems" (MTCUY, MIREA, MATI).

Institute of Cryptography, Communication and Informatics of the Academy of FSB

The oldest educational institution of this area was founded in 1949 during the Cold War. I started my job as the closed department of Mehmat MSU - and this says to that. In defense of information and programming, people with outstanding mathematical abilities can work. Those who wish can see, for example, the movie "Hacker" with a young Angelina Jolie, where the real story of a young genius, hacked the computer codes of the New York Stock Exchange (through which multi-billion dollar financial flows pass) and has been under house arrest for 7 years.

In previous times, at the Institute of Cryptography, the FSB Academy prepared developers of ciphers and encryption equipment, now - programmers. Employees of Russian software companies state that Microsoft, Oracle Corporations, Google, almost a third consists of Russian programmers-specialists in protecting information. Now many graduates of the FSB Academy replenish the FAPSI series ( Federal Agency governmental communications and information), others work, for example, in the main intelligence department of the Russian Federation.

It was on the basis of ICSI that an educational and methodological association in all major directions, one way or another related to the protection of information. The Institute is preparing specialists in six specialties: cryptography, applied mathematics and computer science, information security of telecommunication systems, radio-electronic systems, computer security, computing machines, complexes, systems and networks.

Since the university refers to the power department, along with special items, all students undergo military training. Certain "Features" is also under admission: since October, it is necessary to begin undergoing a medical and psychological examination from October before admission, to provide a recommendation-characteristic of the familiar officer of the FSB. This measure "cuts out" a certain amount of Applicants, but the competition is still quite high: at least 3-4 people in place. The passing score on the exam is not disclosed.

Facilitate admission may be victory in the Olympics on the cryptography of the Academy of FSB or in the Olympiad in Mathematics, Physics. For applicants, there is a correspondence physico-mathematical school.

MSTU them. Bauman.

The leading technical university of the country is preparing engineers with a specialty "Computer Security" at the Faculty of Informatics and Management Systems. This is one of the most prestigious faculties MGTU, the passing score here is not less than 260 in three eg (Russian, mathematics, physics).

Therefore, all other faculties MGTU are trying to open directions close to IT to attract applicants. First of all, this faculty is engaged in creating instruments of navigation, orientation, stabilization for weapons, robots, satellites, etc. So students deeply study systems automated control, computer networks and ways to protect signals transmitted by remote objects from interception by an opponent. Specialization in the departments (only two of the ten at the faculty are directly related to cryptography and information protection) occurs after the second course. One of the real options for admission to the faculty of IU is to participate in the Olympiad "Step to the Future": Here, schoolchildren are preparing a project under the leadership of teachers from MSTU during the year. As a result, about 45% of the participants of the Olympiad receive various benefits upon admission.

Already in the Faculty Walls, many students receive "distribution" in military design and scientific institutions. The last three years of study here, as in the MFT, people at least one day per week spend, working and practicing in profile research institutes. There are the best and left to work, although salaries, unfortunately, are incompatible with banking: let's say, in the bank, an information security specialist in 4-5 years of work can easily receive 140-150 thousand rubles per month, which is a big rarity in the state structure.

Baumanka is not only an educational institution, but also a research center. Here you are developing IT systems for space industry, nuclear energy, mechanical engineering and other industries. Electronic devices and systems are actively underway. The university has several supreme lyceums and schools (Lyceum No. 1580 on the M. "Chertanovskaya", Lyceum No. 1501 at M. Mendeleevskaya, MOU "Lyceum" G. Reutova, School No. 315 at m. Sokolniki et al.) Many students are coming from there.

Personal experience
Alena Zaitseva, a MSTU graduate. Bauman:
When I entered the university, the Faculty of Informatics and Management Systems was the highest passing score. We came to Yiwu Group: I studied at the Lyceum in Baumanke, the requirements of the university knew well, so they managed to get to the most prestigious faculty.
In the university, great attention was paid to programming, even in non-core faculties. In large volumes were engaged in mathematical modeling, building systems. Much of what has now become familiar, then it was created literally before our eyes, and with our immediate participation. They studied very tensely and not only in the session: the MSTU system involves mandatory extracurricular scientific work. In our case, under the guidance of teachers, security systems were created and tested. Interesting experience is to create a program called, on the contrary, overcome any, the most affected system of protection.
There are no problems with the employment of "Baumans": the workors themselves come to the university and "make" talented students. We all started working on the third-fourth year. After graduating from the university, the professional career at my fellow students was in different ways. But with the IT-Sphere anyway, everything is connected. I work in a large company engaged in promoting IT products and services. My husband is developing databases and information sharing programs for tourist business. Our friend - manages computer security in the bank.

MFTI

"Fistech" was also created in the 40s by analogy with the American Calltech (California University of Technology, the Pentagon base). Initially, an atomic bomb was developed here, a new generation weapon and infooration systems for remote control This weapon.

Future defenders of information entering MIPT, direct road to the Faculty of Radio Engineering and Cybernetics. The "Information Protection" course is read by the Department of Radio Engineering (since the main coded information passed the "Radine Kat", and not a computer). Her base is the All-Russian Research Institute of Computing Machinery and Informatization Problems - Valery Konavsky, headed by a member of the Security Council of the Russian Federation. Students learn high-level programming languages, systems and communication networks, discrete mathematics, financial cryptography, information protection from technical intelligence. Often, they are becoming employees of the referred to themselves, but they may also solve security issues in e-commerce (Yandex.Money payment systems, etc., payments for purchases in online stores on plastic card codes). Fistech has developed its own comprehensive information training system and an information security center is opened. Students and teachers annually participate in the RusKripto Cryptograph Conference.

The passage score on the "defense of information" in physites - 269 points from 300 possible (Russian, mathematics, physics), at the Faculty of Innovation and High Technologies - 260 points.

Mythi.

Here we are talking about protecting the security of automated nuclear management systems. At the Faculty of Information Security 50 budget places. Passing on three subjects (Russian, mathematics, physics) last year there were 240 points. Students deeply study not only discrete mathematics and programming, but also English. You can choose special courses on banking telecommunication systems and their protection tools, banking information protection systems, physical protection of critical objects. Here are also studying video surveillance systems, data collection and processing, physical protection tools, fire and security alarm systems.
The faculty holds its work in close contact with FSTEC of Russia, Rosatom, Central Bank of the Russian Federation, Sberbank of the Russian Federation, VTB (Vneshtorgbank).

RGU.

At the Faculty of Protection of Information of the Institute of Information Sciences and Technologies for the Protection of Information of the RSU, training is conducted in two specialties: "Organization and technology for information protection" and "Complex protection of information objects". The approach to the very concept of information protection in the RGGU is not like in technical universities: the main emphasis is on legal, methodological and organizational aspects. Initially, the faculty was preparing archivists and specialists for the storage of documentation with the vulture "Secret" in the libraries of the Research Institute.

The RGGU traditionally cannot "boast" a large number of budget places: in some faculties, their number does not exceed 5-10 per specialty. Against this background, the faculty of information protection is "lucky": there are about 40 budget places. Therefore, to dial on three subjects (Russian, mathematics, informatics) only 182-197 points (depending on the specialty).

MEA.

The Faculty of Cybernetics Mirea is also a typical "military" faculty. Here are studying not only mathematics, physics and programming, but also quantum and optical electronics (the direction for which the Russians were most stronger in the world in the world in the 80s), electrodynamics, the basics of qualimetry, the re-forming devices, digital processing of signals.

In Mirea 50 budget places on computer security and another 50 on the "information security of telecommunication systems". True, 40 seats in the first direction occupy "Keeffe": applicants who have concluded a contract with a certain state enterprise of the Ministry of Defense to work out 3-5 years after the release. For the target set for "computer security", people were held with 146-230 points on the three EME (Russian, Mathematics, Physics), according to a common competition - no less than 192 points on the same EGE. On the second specialty, two kinderkeys and applicants were taken with a minimum passing of 173 points on the same EGE.

Students of the direction "Information Security of Telecommunication Systems" are trained in the base department of digital devices and information protection systems. It is headed by its director of the FSUE "Research Institute of Automatics," where you will have to work with many graduates. Researchum is engaged in problems of government and classified communications, systems of undermining nuclear charges, neutron generators and many others. The export of its products is produced through Rosoboronexport, where MIREA Vexes can also work. Students of computer security - in the department of the same name, study cryptography with types of work in the FSB and FAPSI.

Moscow Academy (Moscow Institute) of Complex Security

Non-state educational institution, on the basis of which preparation under programs of higher and additional education is carried out. In 1997, the founders of the Academy made a number of force structures.

The only private institute included in the top five leading universities for information security.

Based on the university every year international Conferences According to information security, the organizers of which are the institute administration and various funds and centers.

The programs of the specialist and undergraduate of the Faculty of Information Security are made by the results of the exam in mathematics, computer science and Russian.

Compared to other universities, sending 150-170 points for three exams for admission to the academy for three exams. Truth, free learning not provided.

Julia Kochanova, magazine where to go to learn number 46

The programmer's career can be started without higher education, but there are nuances. In the field of development, "Class division" has long appeared: there are cool "scientists 'programmers" and "engineers' programmers", as well as ordinary programmers.

Here, everything is already on ordinary industries: high engineering or research positions without higher education are unattainable. And to start a simple developer career (and in the process of "pea" to a strong specialist) can be immediately after school or college.

But to start in Data Science without specialized education will be more difficult. It is necessary to know the subject area, and it is difficult to meet the highest formation.

Depending on the task, I work with different programmers. There are also our graduates who have no profile technical education. They are engaged in web interfaces. And there are also serious specialists with profile education, they develop the infrastructure of interactive courses.

There are many self-taught programmers in our team. We even have a subsidiary of League A, in which commercial orders perform only our graduates. They are self-taught from that point of view that only online courses were held, and did not receive a profile university education.

In addition, the programmer for successful work requires systemic thinking and attentiveness. And the desire to figure out the task before you start writing the code.

Ideally, if the developer always burns with the desire to find out why he solves a specific task that she will give users and his company.

Dmitry Utkin, Technical Direction Machine Learning, Neti Group

Programming is very diverse. Web development requires some skills, building integrated corporate systems - others, the creation of neural network and machine learning models - third. Combines different sectors system approach, care in the choice of data and algorithms, the scrupulousness of testing and the ability to put yourself on the role of the user.

To get to us to work, the applicant should demonstrate the system of thinking, good knowledge of the syntax of the programming language and understanding, which tasks are solved during the work.

It will be worthwhile to know the best industry practices - now they are often taught on advanced courses and in universities. I would also recommend to read Macconel, Martin, Fowler, "Gang of Four".

And, by the way, you can go through open courses from the world's leading universities - MIT, for example. Many interesting things can be found on Coursera.

The knowledge of English is highly valued - almost all new frameworks and technologies are described in English, which means that you will have an advantage per year or two before those who are waiting for the translation of the documentation into Russian.

And, of course, the ability to constantly learn. In different areas of programming, knowledge is obsolete in two or three years. So you need to constantly learn and reregly.

Evgeny Lopatin, Director of the Jet Infosystem Development Department

Of course, I would recommend future programmers not to neglect the highest technical education. It plays an important role in the career of the developer. But there is another side - the quality of education. And here not always the lack of a master's diploma plays a fatal role.

Many begin their way in developing from school bench: study profile literature, participate in communities, develop independently. Education or self-education is simply necessary - some courses are not enough.

The most important quality of the developer is to be able to and want to learn. Any knowledge in a specific area is only a basis for subsequent improvement. The one who stopped in development very quickly loses its value.

Therefore, we pay great attention to the development of the employee: seminars, individual development plans, courses, master classes are in addition to direct participation in custom-made projects.

By itself, the practice and presence of strong experts surrounded by partially compensate for the lack of profile education and bring the novice programmer to a new level.

When hiring an employee, we look at the prospects for growth and motivation. Of course, we take to work and self-taped programmers, but, as a rule, the development ceiling in such candidates is lower, and the growth rate of competencies is not so fast. In any case, the spaceship gaps will need to be filled. But today the demand for such a specialist is certainly guaranteed.

Denis Korovkin, General Director of WebProfy (Kokoc Group)

When applying for a job, the programmer is more important to show the employer class code, not certificates and diplomas. Higher education here, rather, a small plus than the need. It is necessary that the head of man worked well. Sometimes a higher education contributes to this, sometimes not. In universities, as a rule, specialists who are needed in the market are not prepared.

In work, I give preference to the guys's intelligible and inquisitive, regardless of gender, age, religion and higher education. Much more important attentiveness, learning, punctuality, critical thinking. The ability to "google" correctly, by the way, also come in handy.

In addition to the listed qualities, the programmer cannot do without the ability to concentrate, self-discipline and self-critics. Very important reading skill, including english language, and debug skill.

This is what the programmer is engaged in 80% of its time - seeks the reason why the code does not work as you want. What is amazing, a very large number of programmers do not know how to do this and spends the time of the employer to bust the options and the tyk method.

From the point of view of learning, I like the British Higher School of Design. Among the profile resources you can pay attention to UDEMY, they have a large base of English courses. I heard a lot good reviews On the school development of interfaces from Yandex. There are courses that everyone has a hearing, like Html Academy or Geekbrains, but this is more merit marketing.

In general, the topic of "work experience" seems to me more relevant than profile education.

Practical experience is better training. The more cones are naked, the more solutions found, the more efficient the person will work.

After the university or Codecademy of newly minted programmers, it is necessary to prepare more than three to six months to real tasks. I envy studios who have its own sandbox for newcomers. We yourself prefer to take people with already existing experience - so they are embedded in the process for a couple of months, and sometimes faster.

Evgeny Saltykov, Head of Projects Department of Corporate Systems Lanits

Higher education is a foundation for the further development of a programmer. In the university, he will receive skills that will help him self-study in the future. The presence of higher education shows the ability to achieve long-term goals. And together with a diploma of an eminent university, this speaks about basic discipline and skill to work in a team.

We do not give preference to graduates of specific universities, but it consists of statistics in favor of MSTU them. Bauman, MIPT and MAI (faculties of mathematics and computer science).

With the selection of specialists, we look more for experience. Programmers are needed different, each of the candidates can find their place in the team. But, first of all, a programmer is a person with analytical systemic thinking, which has the skills of the algorithmization of processes and tasks.

As for the question where to get a specialized education, I recommend the universities that me earlier, as well as popular young people, Mirea, Misis.

Andrei Kovalenko, co-founder and CTO VOXIMPLANT

Profile education, in my opinion, you need. The universities do not teach programming as such, but only the basic algorithms give. Nevertheless, higher education speaks about the presence of a person's discipline and a fundamental knowledge base for further development.

When admission to work, this item is not critical, and we can take a good specialist without a specialized education. However, in case of choosing between two candidates, preference will be given to the developer with a diploma.

So where to go to learn? There are top technical universities in the country, I will not say anything new here. This is MMTU named after Bauman, University of Communication, MISIS, MAI, MEI and MEPI. Also, this list includes Mehmat MSU, although it is more sharpened for fundamental science.

There are often very superficial knowledge on courses, and the fact that a person has passed some course does not speak of his professionalism in this area. You must always do self-education.

I can give advice to choose courses with several dive levels in the subject to get the maximum volume of knowledge without stopping at the base. However, no courses make sense without practical experience. I graduated from the technical university, and all the knowledge I possess was received during the work. It all depends on the efforts of the developer himself.

However, education is not all. Programmer is important and attentiveness.

Of course, programming is a creative profession, but the creative tasks in it is 15%, and the rest is typical processes that require accurate execution.

Also, the ability to quickly absorb new things: now the technologies appear at such a speed that the books are obsolete before entering the press, so the ability to quickly understand the novelties is necessary to any IT specialist.

Konstantin Yang, Coordinator, Technical Director of the CLOUDPAYMENTS payment service

Conducting courses can be enough if we talk about an intern or developer's position in the startup. Because to work at the initial level there is enough theoretical training and basic knowledge.

In addition, the startups do not always have the opportunity to pay high salary, but there is freedom of decision making and more space to obtain practical experience.

Higher education will be needed in order to grow in a professional sense.

Fundamental education helps better understand the development processes and make decisions. The programmer needs one main skill: the ability to understand the processes, lay them on elementary steps and algorithms. In addition, the ability to be persistent and not to give up before tasks that seem impracticable. The second is just what brings up the highest school.

We prefer specialists with higher education, but it will not be a significant factor when making a decision on hiring. We are pleased to be invited to work and the self-step programmer, which has the necessary level of experience to solve our tasks.

Vadim Melnikov, Technical Director of the Travel Service "Tutu.ru"

I will not categorically argue that without higher education, it is impossible to make a programmer and successfully work. But still it is extremely desirable to finish the university, and it is technical. I recommend going to learn at Moscow State University. M. V. Lomonosov, MIPT, Baumanka, NSU, St. Petersburg State University.

There are, of course, still worthy universities. But this is my top, and most of our employees are from the listed universities. Without such a base, it is difficult to brake something new. Higher education requires four to six years of study, and this is a more systematic approach. There are no courses for such a duration.

Programmers write not only games or applications for workout statistics, but also algorithms for managing courseworthy systems by machines or the same pacemakers. Therefore, some programming courses, in my opinion, are not enough.

But there is another situation. Imagine, we have a developer with 10 years of experience, but he has not studied in a technical university. Will I take it to work? Sure, not a problem!

The solution in favor of "taking" or "not to take" is based on the set of parameters. It is not enough just to come and bring a diploma. Diploma is not a guarantee of employment.

When selecting candidates, definitely, we look at the balance of Hard skills and Soft Skill. At the same time, Hard Skeils can be pumped, even though it will take time and money.

If you think about this, the programmer should have an analytical mindset. Often you have to make decisions in terms of incomplete information, to generalize, make assumptions.

Curious curiousness and desire to learn something new in our constantly changing industry, study causal relationships.

It is also important to understand that programming is a tool for solving user tasks.

But with SOFT skills it is more difficult, they are practically not pumped. This is a team job, empathy, communication, the ability to hear and give feedback, customer orientation, positive attitude to life. Emotional intelligence must be present.

Sergey Sharov, CEO and Coordinator in Asodesk.com

We finished a business partner in the Moscow Fistech, the Faculty of Innovation and High Technologies. In addition, unambiguously we can recommend the ITMO University - the forge of the winners of the International Olympics, IMK MSU, NSU, MSTU them. Bauman, HSE.

For a more detailed study, you can see world and local ratings, such as Times Higher Education on the subject "Computer Science" - especially this is relevant to those who are looking for education abroad.

I can not advise specific courses, but, according to our CTO, everything is too depends on the direction and initial level Programming. You can see what hearing is Coursera, Code Academy, Geekbrains from Mail.Ru and courses from the Academy of Yandex.

But, to be honest, I do not remember when last time I looked at someone's diploma in employment to our company. In addition to the discrade of candidates for the necessary technological stack, there are two stages of the interview.

The first is an estimate of the level of necessary knowledge and skills in short test format. The second is the assessment of personal goals and human qualities to work in our team.

We check how interested in long-term work, is focused on the result, and look at its level of responsibility and independence. We are important to the direct experience of the applicant, its quality and motivation to develop, rather than "crust", where it is written that man - perhaps - can.

At the same time, we denied candidates with incomprehensible goals for us - there was no confidence that a person will work in one place for more than a year. Again, the diploma or courses have passed were not arguments in such situations.

Anna Airapetova, head of development of the P2B platform PENENZA.RU

In my opinion, there are not enough courses, but the incomplete technical higher (from the third course) will suit. My team had a developer who had a technical education (technical school). He was the "owner" of an independent alienated module.It is rather an exception to the rules, but at the same time, the indicator of what is not important to higher education, but a technical warehouse of the mind.

There are, in my opinion, and actual directions. One of them is data-by-scam. Because artificial intelligence is increasingly attracted to solve everyday tasks in development. Therefore, now it is the most sexy specialists in the IT market.

I have, in addition to education, and general recommendations to all developers.

33% of success is professional skills, that is, knowledge of technologies and programming languages.Now many people look towards Open Source-technologies, so specialists writing on Python, Golang, Java and have experience with postgres, MongoDB, Redis databases, KAFKA data interfaces.

Second third - personal qualities. Successfulness, responsibility, thoughtfulness, creativity, curiosity and interest in new technologies. And yes, sociability is also important, although it is believed that all the developers are introvert.

And, of course, experience!

Evgeny Cat, Frontend Team Lead, Wrike

If we talk about St. Petersburg, ITMO, Polytech, Lay are considered strong universities. About the courses are harder, they are now quite a lot. As for the frontend and expert communities, I recommend to go to several local Mitapov.

There you can get acquainted with experts and learn to many things. For example, NODESCHOOL, PITERJS, PITERCSS, SPB-FRONTEND, as well as our regular Wrike Tech Club Mitaps.

But there are two sides of the coin: on the one hand, education as a "crust" without practical knowledge is absolutely useless. The candidate who has not learned anything in either the university or courses, is unlikely to benefit the team and the company. But, of course, you can be a programmer and without any education.

The main thing is to be desire, and quite strong. Programming is not the specialty that you can master in a week-other.

However, on the Internet there are huge bases for materials in all subjects (for example, the same Coursera) and often they can be found for free. And instead of spending five years to study not completely profile items (I remember philosophy and obzh with horror), you can concentrately get those knowledge that will be accurately useful in practice.

In Wrike, we, above all, look at the skills and candidate itself, and not exactly what he finished.

For a long time there is no longer there is such a thing as simply "IT, which would be able to do everything in the world. They stayed with sweaters, floppy disks and ZX-Spectrum somewhere in the distant past.

Now there different types Programmers who are divided into activities. There is a backend, there is a frontend. There are mobile development, but there are those who work with glands. Everywhere different requirements.

If the Frontendum has focus on the visual component (User Experience), then, for example, a task-developer has a completely in another plane. But if you try to make a portrait of a middle programmer, then it will have these qualities:

The ability to quickly assimilate information and develop professionally. In our industry, it is impossible to remember something once and then use the knowledge gained to the condation of the century. Blinker, and that's it. The fact that you once knew and skillfully becomes irrelevant.
The ability to build complex systems and calculate the effects of solutions Many steps forward . It is like the construction of the house: if the foundation is bad, then the attic will not stand. But in contrast to the house, the programmer has to take into account the fact that the customer may want a small garage, and in a short time. And then change their mind and decide that it still wants a chic mansion. If you are doing some kind of software product, then you have to calculate the action plan for a month, six months and a year ahead.
Streetness. In order to learn a lot of information or come up with something difficult, you have to sit in one place and meditate on the keyboard and monitor. I would generally said that the programmer is useful to be able to dream. As a writer thinks: "On the hero was a brown loss hat," and then a whole story is born. A programmer from one business offer should deploy a whole world. Although sometimes everything comes down to the hat.
Interest in your work. Our profession is creative, you do not drive a lot from under the stick. Well, that is, you can, of course, but is it life ...
Positive attitude. This is the advice not only for programmers, but the profession as a whole. Different legends go about us that programmers, they say, asocial and sullen. It's not so, be fun!

Artem Krotov, the next architect of applications in Raiffeisenbank

In order to become an entry-level programmer, edging university is optional - it is enough to learn one or more programming languages.

A large number of basic courses can be found on "Intuita", Coursera, Geekbrains, there are different levels in Hackeru, which also offer subsequent employment.

However, those who want to become a truly first-class engineer, the lack of a base - higher technical education - just can prevent. Of course, university programs for training engineers are not aimed at obtaining advanced knowledge and experience in developing software, but not required from academic education.

His goal is to give fundamental knowledge and teach quickly analyze large amounts of information. It expands the horizons and helps to look at the tasks comprehensively, to see problems in different planes.

It is important to understand that the graduate diploma does not guarantee success.

When searching for our future colleagues, we first appreciate not "crusts", but directly accumulated experience, completed projects and the desire to apply existing knowledge for development in new areas.

Here, besides professional characteristics, the so-called Soft-Skills is gaining importance: sociability, presentation skills, empathy. Today, the programmer does not work alone - in companies, development is usually conducted in commands, and the result largely depends on the coherence of their work.

Therefore, in addition to the "typical" skill engineer, such as analytical and systemic thinking, progress, programmer in 2019 still requires good communication skills.

They will also be useful to share experiences on the police or conferences and to discuss the use scenarios with users.

Most often, the software developers have the features of the introvert, and it helps them to concentrate on solving complex tasks. But it prevents new professional contacts and show activity in communities. The student will overcome this barrier will help participate in various events as a volunteer or organizer.

Inga Gerasimenko, HR Director "Bars Group"

One of the most sought-after today is a programmer profession. The lack of specialists in this area is so high that even a person who does not have sufficient experience can easily find a place.

We are not always gaining programmers with higher education. The main reason is that now in universities at the faculties of programming education practically nothing gives. It offers only a database and understanding of how it works at all.

But this is not a reason not to go to the university. In Kazan, you can go to study in CFU, KHTI is well prepared analysts, programmers are poorly, but nevertheless. And one should not overcome the technical school of communication. Excellent establishment in order to pump up in modern programming languages.

Therefore, in any case, you need to work out, starting from the second course. You can get on Polish or work intern. It will provide good background to release. In addition, it is necessary to develop yourself. There are good online courses, for example: Javarush, Otus, Ulearn.me, Intuitu, Microsoft Virtual Academy.

After passing them, you can get knowledge in modern language programs, but it will be the base again. It is advisable to find exactly practical use: Perform tasks on freelance sites, as well as work with modules.

Oddly enough, it is important to know the selected language well and begin to expand your database in other languages.

Suppose if this is a band-language programming language, then it is necessary to learn JavaScript. In addition, you need to know the databases, have an analyst skills.

By the way, it is not necessary to neglect to belong to the internships in the university. We are pleased to gain interns, giving the opportunity to work on serious projects and get invaluable experience.

Yuri Minkin, Head of Development Department of Unmanned Vehicles Cognitive Technologies

A diploma of higher education today is still important. And the more significant the university, who graduated from this or another candidate for the programmer's position, the higher his chances, in other things being equal. Rather, the lack of a diploma will be a specific indicator for us.

Of course, there are nuggets who do not have higher education, which perfectly own the skills of their profession. But in Cognitive Technologies there was no experience in such guys to become Team Leaders, managers or project architects.

As a rule, these are people developed quite one-sided, which have no integrated approach to solving problems and systemic thinking. Such a person needs to be extremely brightly shine at the interview to pay attention to him.

I am convinced that good mathematical preparation and the availability of fundamental knowledge in the field of natural sciences, IT are needed to work in the programmer's position.

Knowledge of English is welcomed by the knowledge of other European and Asian languages.

We work closely with Chinese and Japanese companies. Knowing these languages \u200b\u200bsignificantly increases the chances of the candidate, especially if he claims to be implied by communication with the customer.

As practice shows, most of our expectations as an employer, justify MSU graduates, MIPT, NITE MISIS, MEPI, Baumanki, as well as ITMO and SPBTU.

"Presented the ranking of Russian universities, which are preparing specialists for the software industry. For the first time, the rating was compiled in 2014 on the basis of a survey of Russian developers software For 4 years (from 2011 to 2014).

Universities are ranked by the number of mentioned by software companies specific universities as sources of replenishing their state new personnel. When conducting a survey in the framework of the annual RUSSFOR study, respondents answered the question of universities whose graduates enjoy the greatest demand among the IT enterprises in the region. Since large companies have development centers in various cities, they called universities not only to the city in which the head office is located (as a rule, this is Moscow or St. Petersburg), but also universities of other cities.

According to the rating methodology, one company can take part in the ranking only by one voice, regardless of its staff. To give more votes to large companies does not make sense, because in this case only universities in Moscow will be on top of the rating, where the largest companies in Russia are concentrated. Then the universities of St. Petersburg will follow, and so on, depending on how much the big city is presented in the survey and how many companies participated from him. The rating obtained in that way will still reflect the real state of affairs. The application of the method of one vote from one company is also not ideal, but still allows for the available ranking is quite objective, although with some reservations.

An even greater confidence in objectivity appears, if we compare universities of one city, if it is presented in a survey at least 10 companies. These cities include Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Tomsk and Chelyabinsk.

Since the study annually covered more than 130 companies (in 2017 - 152), and each year the participants have changed by 70-80%, the final rating of 4 years reflects the opinion of more than 300 employers representing the Russia's software coof.

In total, 119 universities of Russia are mentioned as the best in the last years, but most of them have no more than one vote. If there are two votes in the university for several years, it is also difficult to make some conclusions about the quality of the preparation of students of a particular university, but we still decided in new version Rating to take into account universities that received at least 2 estimates from employers. This is done so that universities that do not belong to the lead, in sight and had an incentive to promote. As a result, the full rating of 2017 consists of 51 universities, and not from 19, as in its previous version.

Place in 2017	Place in 2014	The name of the university	Number of references in 2014-2017	League
1	2	Moscow State Technical University IM. Bauman	72	League A.
2	1	St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO)	69
3	5	St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University	66
4	4	Moscow State University	64
5	3	St. Petersburg State University	63
6	6	Moscow Physics and Technology	41	League B.
7	7	St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University	37
8	8-9	Novosibirsk State University	31
9	8-9	Moscow Engineering Institute	27
10	10	Novosibirsk State Technical University	22
11	11	South Federal University	20
12	>19	Tomsk Polytechnic University	15	League C.
13	12	St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation	14
14	>19	Tomsk State University	14
15-16	15-19	Izhevsk State Technical University	12
15-16	>19	Tomsk State University of Management Systems and Radio Electronics	12
17	>19	Penza State University	9	League D.
18-20	13-14	Voronezh State University	7
18-20	>19	South Ural State University	7
18-20	>19	Chelyabinsk State University	7
21-24	15-19	National Research Technology University (Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys)	6
21-24	15-19	Ural Federal University named after the first president of Russia B.N.ELtsin	6
21-24	15-19	Belgorod State University	6
21-24	>19	Ulyanovsk State Technical University	6
25-27	13-14	Omsk State Technical University	5
25-27	>19	Donskaya State Technical University	5
25-27	>19	High School of Economics	5
28-33	15-19	Moscow State Institute of International Relations	4	League E.
28-33	>19	Samara State Aerospace University (Kuibyshev Aviation Institute)	4
28-33	>19	Kazan (Volga) Federal University	4
28-33	>19	Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University (NSTU)	4
28-33	>19	Nizhny Novgorod State University. N.I. Lobachevsky (NNU)	4
28-33	>19	St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications. prof. MA Bonch-Broevich	4
34-41	>19	Udmurt State University	3
34-41	>19	Moscow State Construction University	3
34-41	>19	Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev	3
34-41	>19	Moscow Energy Institute	3
34-41	>19	Volga State Technological University (Yoshkar-Ola)	3
34-41	>19	Saratov State University named after N.G. Chernyshevsky	3
34-41	>19	Ryazan State Radio Engineering University	3
34-41	>19	Belgorod State Technological University. V. G. Shukhov	3
42-51	>19	Ulyanovsk State University	2
42-51	>19	Altai State Technical University	2
42-51	>19	Baltic State Technical University "Military	2
42-51	>19	Vladimir State University	2
42-51	>19	St. Petersburg State University of Communications	2
42-51	>19	Omsk State University named after F.M.Dostoevsky	2
42-51	>19	Moscow State University of Economics, Statistics and Informatics	2
42-51	>19	Vyatsky State University	2
42-51	>19	Vologda State University	2

Leaders and significant permutations

At the very top of the rating there was a casting: the Moscow State Technical University of Bauman's Moscow State Technical University was raised on the first, followed by the St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO). However, the difference between them is insignificant and is within the error.

An essential margin is available only between universities, which occupy the 5th and 6th place, respectively. Therefore, it is possible to speak quite confident about the five leading universities that are approximately one level (in the previous version of the rating, the first 7 universities could be distinguished).

In the first five, you can note the transition from the 5th to the 3rd place of the St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University, which is hardly random. This university demonstrates its development in various directions, which should also affect the quality of personnel training for high-tech industries.

From the 6th to the 11th place, the universities are placed in pairs, judging by the proximity of the frequency indicator by employers. Compared with previous version Roting All of them retained their positions.

It is worth noting the appearance of three Universities in Tomsk in the second twenty (they have a slight difference between the number of mentions, and therefore they can be attributed to one category), Penza and Chelyabinsk state universities, as well as South Ural state University (Chelyabinsk). Such a lift is associated with more active participation in the survey of 2017. Companies of Tomsk, Chelyabinsk and Penza. If they were also active in the previous three years, their positions could be even higher. It can be said that the universities of these cities now occupied about those places that they deserve, because at least 100 software companies operate in Tomsk and Chelyabinsk (in Penza, they are slightly smaller - 30-40).

It is known that there are also many software developers in Tatarstan. However, we have not yet managed to fully cover the company of this republic by their annual survey, although there were attempts to connect local development institutions to the study. Because of the lowest representation of the companies of the republic, the highest position in the ranking (28-33 place) from Kazan universities occupies Kazan (Volga) Federal University. Most likely, the positions of universities of the capital of Tatarstan should be higher.

It should be noted that in some regions not so many software companies are concentrated, which does not allow local universities to gain enough rating points. Nevertheless, the quality of education in them is at a fairly high level.

Also, some universities can prepare high-class specialists, but significantly give way to competitors in the number of graduates going to work in the region's software companies, since their graduates go to other industries of the Russian economy. It is known that from all working programmers for software companies account for 25-30%, and the rest work in other IT companies or IT departments of various enterprises, organizations and state structures. Thus, the demand for software companies of this or that university does not always reflect the quality of their preparation by 100%, although the presence in some city the mass of competent specialists with good university education provides that there should be successful software companies in this city.

2014: RUSSOFT DATA

Within the framework of its own annual study, the Association of Software Manufacturers of NP RUSSOFT has amounted to the rating of Russian universities in November 2014, determining the level of success of the preparation of IT professionals.

Range was carried out in terms of mentioning software companies specific universities as sources of staff replenishment with new personnel over the past 4 years.

When surveying respondents, they requested the universities, whose graduates enjoy the greatest demand among IT enterprises of that region in which the company surveyed are located.

Since the study annually covered at least 130 companies annually, and each year the participants have changed by 70-80%, the final rating reflects the opinion of more than 300 employers representing the Software industry in Russia.

In total, more than 100 universities of Russia mentioned in 4 years, but most of them have no more than one vote.

Because software developers are focused in Moscow and St. Petersburg, then the Top-10 fell on 4 universities from these two largest Russian cities. Two more universities in the top ten represent Novosibirsk.

The best university, according to the RUSSOFT Association, became the St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO). However, his separation from the second and third place of the Moscow State Technical University of Bauman (MGTU) and St. Petersburg State University (St. Petersburg State University) and St. Petersburg State University (St. Petersburg State University).

Top-10 Russian universities based on the results of a poll of software companies in the last 4 years, the number of references.

St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics 82
Moscow State Technical University IM. Bauman 77
St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University 56
St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University 47
Novosibirsk State Technical University 19

The first place is naturally natural, since in some other ratings it is on the same position not only in Russia, but also in the world.

Global Leadership This University retains the last 15 years on the results of the performance of his teams at the World Programming Championship. This is the only university who is the five-time absolute champion of the most prestigious programmers competitions.

In addition, one of the participants of the survey, the Perm Company "forecast" ranked universities in terms of the ratio of average wage in the IT industry in the region and the cost of training in the university. For this indicator, ITMO also turned out to be in the first place.

Finally, St. Petersburg University of ITMO is among the leaders in Russia, another indicator - the share of graduates who got a job on the specialty received at the university (76%). In the overwhelming majority of universities, which are preparing specialists in the field of software development, this share is much less - in the area of \u200b\u200b50%.

In some regions, not so many software companies are concentrated, which does not allow local universities to gain enough rating points. Nevertheless, the quality of education in them can be at a fairly high level.

Also, some universities can prepare high-class specialists, but significantly give way to competitors by the number of graduates going to work in the IT company.

Thus, the relevance of graduates of a university is not always 100% reflecting the quality of their preparation.

The RUSSOFT study showed that in 2013 the importance of universities' work for surveyed companies has even more increased.

First, up to 54% the share of companies collaborating with universities in various joint programs increased to 54%. Previously, for the previous 4 years, this indicator decreased from 58% to 47% (the decline began after the global financial crisis).

Secondly, the share of university graduates in the total number of employed increased in 2013 from 4.6% to 8.4%. The study of the recruiting portal Superjob.ru revealed similar trends for the entire Russian economy: employers every year are more willing to work for young people who have just graduated from the university.

2013: Plans to create breakthrough IT research centers in Russia

The initiative of the authorities

In May 2013, during the Extended Collegium of the Ministry of Communications, the head of the department Nikolay Nikiforov Reported that on the basis of existing Russian universities and research institutes, it is planned to create up to 50 centers of breakthrough research in the field of information technology.

The amount of necessary funding of the authorities was estimated to 4 billion rubles. For five years, and it was proposed to implement it by allocating a separate block in the direction of IT in the Federal Target Program "Frames", calculated for 2014-2020.

This specialty in the spirit of time, if you can say so. She can give you knowledge that will definitely be in demand in the modern information technological world. Information System everywhere. The ability to work with information in all senses will give you a guaranteed place in the labor market. As part of the specialty, students will study a number of highly specialized disciplines (may vary and supplemented depending on the profile): Tools, modeling and architecture of IP, computer graphics, programming technology and databases, information processing technology, theory of informatics, information and network technologies. The priority task of the course is to train a young specialist who can implement himself in any areas related to computerization, automation, information technologies. It is not necessary to do without love to accurate sciences whose knowledge is also tested by applicants. *

* Set of training disciplines and bias