First aid for electric current. Actions and first aid with electric shock

If a person got electrode, it must be provided with urgent first aid with electric shock in a special algorithm. Household appliances that people enjoy at home can be faulty and lead to trouble. When the first help with electric shock is performed correctly, it is possible to reanimate the patient before the arrival of the doctors.

What is electric shock

The effect of current on a person leads to pathological violations in the work of the body and death. Household electricians and lightning damage have different sources of occurrence and require the right approach to treatment. It is often damaged due to non-compliance with the safety rules, in disruption of the insulation of the wiring. Injury from electric flow, due to natural atmospheric phenomena, is rare.

In the specialized premises at the enterprise, there must be an instruction on electrical safety with the sequence of first nursing assistance in the defeat of the employee with the shock with pictures and schemes.

Signs

If you have lost consciousness affected without witnesses, it is possible to determine the cause of the state by the main signs of electric shock:

Nearby are bare electric pipes.
Wounds remain from the inlet.
Pulse and breath intermittent.
Skin covers, lips have a bluish shade.

The negative effect of electricity is manifested in violation of the functioning of the internal organs. Due to the shock, the tissues are heated and the reduction of all muscle groups. The electric arc leaves marks at the entrance and outlet, hitting the deep layers of the skin. The entrance is the place of contact with the cable. The consequences become:

dizziness;
spasm of voice ligaments;
myocardial infarction;
convulsions;
heart failure;
loss of consciousness.

Action with electric shock

For a person safe is a voltage of up to 50 V, and with high humidity in the room, the threat of life is even 12 V, so at home you need to give a trial aid on time. Actions with electric damage to electric shock:

To pull the damaged device from the network, snack the wire by the passage, reflect the ax without touching it. You can use dry rubber gloves, cloth, wooden item.
If it is not possible to de-energize the source of the lesion - you need to pull out a person for several meters over the edge of the clothes. Cannot be touched by bare hands before his skin.
Evaluate the emotional and physical condition of the patient. Injury from electric cooker causes strong shock accompanied by hallucinations.

First trial aid with electric shock

The brain and heart are suffering the strongest, there is a violation of the rhythm, which leads to the cessation of respiration, therefore it is important to start providing assistance to electric shock in the first minutes after the incident. The actions of a person who has been near the affected current depends on the degree of state of the patient and the complexity of its damage, are carried out in the following sequence:

If consciousness is present - it is necessary to put on a solid surface, to ensure peace, the skin around the burns to lubricate with iodine 5% or by a manganese, impose a clean dry bandage on top of the burns. It is necessary to give analging drug analgin or aspirin, several (25-30) drops of valerian diluted in water.
If a person is fainted, but the pulse is pronounced in the area of \u200b\u200bthe carotid artery, then the first aid for electric shock is performed before the arrival of the doctors. It is necessary to free from the squeezing clothes, to bring to the consciousness by the ammonia alcohol, warm.
During the loss of consciousness and clinical death, it is necessary to reanimate, producing indirect heart massage and artificial respiration mouth in your mouth or mouth into the nose, if the muscles of the mouth are spasked.

Here is a brief description of the first measures with electric shock. The indirect massage of the heart muscle is carried out alternately with inhalation of air. The head throws back, the mouth is released from foreign items. The lips put an individual nozzle for the procedure, the nose clamp and make 5 strong breaths. Then hold 10 shoes with straight, put on each other with hands in the field of solar plexus.

First medical care for electric shock

After the arrival of experts, an additional assessment of the state of the patient at the moment and the quality of prefabricated manipulation is carried out. If the first honey. Assistance in defeating the current did not give results - actions continue using special means. Instead of artificial respiration, a portable machine for pulmonary ventilation is connected through which oxygen is supplied.

Resuscitation with electric shock

When the resuscitation during electric shock does not have the results after 4-5 minutes, enhance the effect will help intracardiac, intravenous or intramuscular injection of 0.1%, a solution of stanfantine 0.05%, mixed with 20 ml of glucose 40%. If the consciousness is restored, then the person is placed on its side and the nurse gives him anti-deployed, painkillers that ensure normal heart work. In such a state, when the first assistance was provided during the defeat of the current, it is ready for transportation to the hospital.

Video: First aid with electric shock

Attention!The formation presented in the article is familiarized in nature. Article materials do not call for independent treatment. Only a qualified doctor may diagnose and give recommendations on treatment based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

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When working with electricity, it is important to comply with all safety rules to exclude or minimize the likelihood of electric shock.

The first trial aid with electric shock should be rendered immediately!

In general, it is believed that only a minor number of random effects of stresses per person is accompanied by a flow of high currents capable of obtaining electrical injuries. It is even less likely to have a fatal outcome (one by 140 - 150 thousand), but this is not a reason at all to ignore the safety rules or to refuse first aid.

First medical care for electric shock

The first thing to be done in such a situation is to free a person from the current. Do it follows carefully, but quickly. In the event that the victim is at the height, it is important to prevent its fall.

The exemption from the current is carried out by shutting down the installation, the truth should be considered the fact that the light goes out everywhere, so if the accident occurred indoors, it is important to have a flashlight or a candle.

Now it is necessary to drag the victim, while concerned with its unprotected parts of the body, shoes, raw clothes. Clammable for its dry things, and if there are such devices, like electric gloves, galoshes, rug, stand, etc., use them.

If the hands of the victim cover the conductor, reflect it with any sharp object with insulated handles (for example, from dry wood, plastics).

The basic rules are short:

Put on dry gloves (rubber, woolen, leather, etc.) and rubber boots;
Turn off the current source;
When approached the victim on the ground go small steps;
Remove the wire with a dry tok-conducting item with it, for example with a stick, plastic;
Take it off for clothes for not less than 10 meters from the place of touch with the wire of the Earth or from the hardware equipment.

After managed to free the affected assistance, it turns out in accordance with his condition.

In case the victim is conscious:

it is important for him to secure peace;
if he can see serious injuries (bruises, fractures, dislocations, burns, etc.), it is necessary to provide first aid before the arrival of the doctor - to fix the injured limb, for example.
To cause a doctor, even if the consciousness was not lost, as a specialist should inspect and exclude the likelihood of the development of complications due to injuries.

If a person has lost consciousness, but there is breath, you should put it on a soft litter - blanket, clothes. Then it is important to immediately call an ambulance, and before that try to reanimate the victim:

unbutton the gate, belt, remove the shy body clothes;
clean the oral cavity from the blood, mucus, ensuring this influx of fresh air;
you can give a sniffing alcohol to him;
you can spray water, lose it and try to warm the body.

If signs of life are completely absent (clinical death - there is no breathing and pulse, pupils are expanded) or with breathing intermittent follows:

it is as soon as possible to free it from the shining breath of clothing;
clear mouth
do;
to do.

A call to the doctor must follow immediately!

Electrotok damage can occur in everyday life and at work. At the same time, it is possible to obtain a very dangerous injury, even a fatal outcome is possible. Usually such injuries receive representatives of professions that are associated with an electrician. But there are cases of exposure to current and in everyday life. It is very important to know what first aid needs with electric shock. This will be discussed in the article.

Accidents most often occur due to:

Ignorance or non-compliance with safety requirements, when using electrical appliances.
Faulty household appliances.
Wire cliff high-voltage lines.

The degree of human damage is influenced:

The method of passing the electric flow through the body.
Strength and voltage in the system.
Exposure time.
Age of man.
The state of his health.
Timely rendering of prefigure aid with electric shock.

Types of electrician

To provide first aid with electric shock, you should know the impact of it on the human body in a particular situation.

The classification of lesions by electric strokes and their features are presented in the table:

Type of defeat	Features
	The burn from the electric flow is the most encountered defeat. There are several options for such injuries: Contact form. In this case, when contacting the source, the electrotock goes through the human body. Arc defeat. At the same time, the current itself does not directly go in the body, but an electric arc acts on it. Mixed defeat. It is characterized by combining two forms.
	Electric arc is a source of UV rays, leading to irradiation and burn eye. The inflammation of the conjunctiva appears from this effect. To this not happen, it is necessary to use special protection against shocking current, and comply with the rules for working with its sources.
	In this case, the lesion of the skin, the particles of metal penetrate into it, which are melted under the influence of electric current. These are the smallest elements penetrating into the outer layers of the skin epithelium, in open areas of the body. Note! This is not fatal, soon clinical manifestations will disappear, the skin will become normal color, and pain will stop.
	Chemical and thermal impact leads to the formation of peculiar signs with sharp contours and color from gray to yellowish. Signs can be oval or rounded shape, lines and dots. Necrosis appears on the skin in this area. She hardened, due to the oversonation of outdoor reservoirs. The lesions are held after a while, due to the regeneration of the skin, while it acquires normal coloring and elasticity.
	Such damage arises from the long exposure of the electric flow, which leads to the rupture of muscles and ligaments due to muscle tension. In addition, it can get damage to the vascular-nervous beam, it is possible to obtain severe injuries, such as full dislocations and fractures. If the provision of assistance during electric shock was untimely, or too long exposure to current, even a fatal outcome is possible.

What to do after defeat

First aid for electric shock damage cannot be carried out without compliance with the main precautionary measures - to eliminate the effect of current on the rescuer.

In this case, the instruction is as follows:

The electrical installation or part of it is turned off, which is in contact with the victim.

Tip: To work in a dark place or at night, you should use to illuminate the workplace of the candle, lights.

If it is impossible to de-energize the installation, it must be remembered that the tension of the step and the body of the victim are dangerous for saving people.
At a voltage of less than 400V, a person can be drained from the zone of the lesion for dry clothes.

Electrotramma- damage to organs and organism systems under the action of electric flow.

The first mention of death from electric current was registered in 1879 in France, Lyon, a carpenter was killed from an alternator.
In developed countries, the frequency of cases of impact electrical movement on average about 2-3 cases per hundred thousand people.
Most often by the defeat of the current suffer from young people of working age.
Mortality of men from electric shocks 4 times higher than in women.

Effect of electric cooker on the human body

Electric current per person has a thermal, electrochemical and biological impact.

Thermal impact: Electrical energy, meeting resistance with the tissues of the body, goes into thermal energy and causes electrical burns. Main burns arise at the entrance and current output, that is, in places of the greatest resistance. As a result, the so-called tags or current signs.Thermal energy, converted from the electrical, destroys and changes the tissues.
Electrochemical effects:"Bonding", thickening of blood cells (platelets and leukocytes), moving ions, changing the charges of proteins, the formation of steam and gas, giving tissues with a cellular appearance, etc.
Biological action: Violation of the work of the nervous system, violation of the conductivity of the heart, reducing the skeletal muscles of the heart, etc.

What does the severity and nature of the electric trash depends?

Electric shock factors:

View, strength and voltage

AC current is more dangerous than the permanent. At the same time low-frequency currents (about 50-60 Hz), more dangerous, high-frequency. The frequency of current used in everyday life of 60 Hz. When increasing the frequency of the current, it goes on the surface of the skin, causing burns, but does not lead to a fatal outcome.
The most significant strength and voltage of electric flow.

The reaction of the body for the passage of alternating current
Tok Power	What does the victim feel?
0.9-1.2 mA	Current barely notice
1.2-1.6 Ma	Feeling of "goosebumps" or shelot
1.6-2.8 Ma	Feeling of gravity in the wrist
2.8-4.5 Ma	Tugidity in the forearm
4.5-5.0 Ma	Facalry contrarity
5.0-7.0 Ma	Ship muscle contralition
15.0-20 mA	It is impossible to tear your hand from the wire
20-40 Ma	Very painful muscle cramps
50-100 Ma	Heart failure
More than 200 ma	Very deep burns

The current of high voltage (more than 1000 volts) causes more severe damage. The lesion of the high voltage current can occur even in a step from the current source ("Voltova Arc"). As a rule, fatal outcomes arise precisely as a result of high-voltage lesions. Low voltage lesions are mostly domestic and fortunately the percentage of fatal outcomes from low voltage lesion lower than with high-voltage lesions.

The path of passing the current in the body

The path that makes current through the body is called current loop. The most dangerous hinge (2 hands - 2 legs), while the current passes through the heart, causing failures in its work until the complete stops. The following loops are also considered dangerous: Hand-head, hand-hand.

The duration of the current

The longer contact with the source of the current, the expression of the defeat and above the likelihood of a deadly outcome. Under the action of high voltage current, due to a sharp cut in the muscles, the victim can be immediately discarded from the current source. With a lower voltage of the current, muscle spasm can cause long-term capture of conductor with hands. With an increase in the exposure time, the skin resistance drops, so it should be as early as possible to stop the contact of the victim with the source of the current.

External environmental factors

The risk of lesion is increasing in wet and raw rooms (bathrooms, baths, dugouts, etc.).

The outcome of the eletrotrava is also largely dependent on age and body status At the moment of defeat

Enhance the severity of the lesion: children's and senile age, fatigue, depletion, chronic diseases, alcohol intoxication.

Electric shock degree

Danger of electric shock or effects of shock

System	Effects
Nervous system	Possible: loss of consciousness of various duration and extent, the loss of memory of the events occurred (retrograde amnesia), convulsions. In light cases are possible: weakness, flashes in the eyes, breaking, dizziness, headache. Sometimes there are nerves damage, which lead to impaired motor activity in the limbs, disruption of tissue sensitivity and nutrition. It is possible to break the thermoregulation, the disappearance of the physiological and appearance of pathological reflexes. The passage of electric flow through the brain leads to the loss of consciousness and the appearance of convulsion. In some cases, the passage of current through the brain can lead to a stopping of breathing, which often causes death when shocking. Under the action of the high voltage current, the body can develop a deep disorder of the operation of the central nervous system with braking centers responsible for breathing and cardiovascular activities, leading to "imaginary death", the so-called "electric lethargy". This is manifested by invisible respiratory and cardiac activity. If resuscitation acts in such cases started during, in most cases they are successful.
The cardiovascular system	Violations from cardiac activity in most cases is functional. Violations are manifested in the form of various cardiac rhythm failures (sinus arrhythmia, an increase in the number of heart rate - tachycardia, a decrease in the number of heartbreaks - bradycardia, heart blocks, extraordinary heart abbreviations - extrasystole;). The passage of current through the heart can cause a violation of its ability to shrink as a whole, causing the phenomenon of fibrillation, in which the heart muscle fibers are reduced separately and the heart loses the ability to pump blood, which is equal to the heart stop. In some cases, the electric current can damage the wall of the vessels, leading to bleeding.
Respiratory system	The passage of electric current through the respiratory center, located in the central nervous system can cause braking or complete respiratory stop. In case of damage to the high voltage current, bruises and lung breaks are possible.
Sense organs	Noise in the ears, reduced hearing, touching the touch. Broken membranes are possible, middle ear injuries, followed by deafness (in the case of high voltage current). When exposed to bright light, damage to the visual apparatus may occur in the form of keratitis, choroidite, cataracts.
Transverse and smooth muscles	The passage of current through muscle fibers leads to their spasm, which can manifest itself with convulsions. Significant reduction in skeletal electric currents can lead to the fractures of the spine and long tubular bones. The muscular layer of vessels can lead to an increase in blood pressure or the development of myocardial infarction due to spasm of coronary heart vessels.
Causes of fatal outcome: The main causes of death during electrotrap are: stopping the heart and stop breathing as a result of the lesion of the respiratory center.
Remote complications: The effect of electric flow can cause remote complications. Such complications include: the defeat of the central and peripheral nervous system (inflammation of the nerves - neuritis, trophic ulcers, encephalopathy), cardiovascular system (violation of the heart rhythm and conductivity of nerve impulses, pathological changes of the heart muscle), the appearance of cataracts, hearing impairment, etc. Electrical burns can be healing with the development of deformations and contractures of the musculoskeletal system. The repeated effects of electric flow can lead to early arteriosclerosis, obliterating endarterity and persistent vegetative changes.

Electric Cleaning Sign or Electrometer

Electrometer- Separations of fabrics in the fields of entering and out of electrical current. There are due to the transition of electrical energy into thermal.
The form	Color	Characteristic signs	Photo
Round or oval, but maybe linear. Often, on the edges of damaged skin there is a roluit exaltation, while the middle of the label seems a little sparkling. Sometimes it is possible to detach the top layer of the skin in the form of bubbles, but without fluid inside, unlike thermal burns.	Usually brighter surrounding fabric - pale yellow or grayish-white.	Full painless labels, due to the damage to nerve endings. Deposition of metal conductor metal particles on the skin (copper - blue-green color, iron, etc.). When exposed to the low voltage current, the metal particle is located on the surface of the skin, and with a high voltage current, the skin is propagated. Hair in the field of spiral-shaped tags, retaining their structure.
Electrog breakers are not always limited to tags on the skin. Quite often arise damage to driving tissues: muscles, tendons, bones. Sometimes lesion foci are located under externally healthy skin.

Help when shocking

The effects of electric shock are largely dependent on the provision of timely assistance.

Is it worth calling an ambulance?

There are cases of sudden death a few hours after shocking. Based on this, any damage caused to shock must be delivered to a specialized hospital, where, if necessary, emergency care can be provided.

Helping steps with electric shock

Terminate the impact of current on the victimFollowing the established rules. Spread the electrical circuit by interrupting the chain or switch or pull the plug out of the outlet. Remove from the affected current source using insulating items (wooden stick, chair, clothes, rope, rubber gloves, dry towel, etc.). It is necessary to approach the victim in rubber or in leather shoes on a dry surface or laying a rubber rug or dry boards under the feet.

In the case of a current source above 1000 volts, special security measures should be taken to save the victim. To do this, it is necessary to work in rubber shoes, in rubber gloves, use insulating ticks for the appropriate voltage.
If necessary, drag the victim by the wolf from the step of step-in voltage (at a distance of up to 10 m), while holding it for a belt or dry clothes, while not touching the open parts of the body.

Determine the presence of consciousness

Take by shoulders, shake (if the spine is suspected, do not do), ask loudly: what's wrong with you? Do you need help?

Evaluate the state of cardiac and respiratory activities. And if necessary, carry out resuscitation activities, according to the ABS algorithm (closed heart massage, artificial ventilation of the lungs (mouth of mouth in the mouth)).

Algorithm ABC	What to do?	How to do?
BUT	Release the breathing tracks	It is necessary to produce a number of techniques that allow you to push the root of the tongue from the back of the wall and thus eliminate the obstacle on the air flow path. The palm of one hand is put on the forehead, 2 fingers of another hand raise the chin, putting forward the lower jaw forward and up, while throwing the head back. (if there is a suspected damage to the spine, do not throw back the head)
IN	Check there is a breath	Bend to the breast of the victim and determine whether the breathing motions of the chest. If it is visually hard to determine if there is a breath or not. To the mouth, you can bring the mirror to the nose, which in the presence of breathing, or bring the thin thread, which in the presence of breathing will deviate.
FROM	Determine if Pulse	The pulse is determined on the carotid artery, the fingers bent in the phalanges.
At the present stage of medicine, it is recommended to begin resuscitation from the point C - indirect heart massage, then A-release of respiratory tract and in artificial respiration.
If breathing and pulse are not determined to begin resuscitation activities: Indirect heart massage, 100 pages per minute per chest (with an amplitude for adults 5-6 cm and with complete breastpasonment after each press). For manipulations, the patient must lie on a flat solid surface. The place of placement of hands during massage should be located on the chest between the nipples, the shoulders are right above the palms, and the elbows must be completely straightened. Mouth breathing in the mouth of 2 breaths every 30 pages on the chest. If it is impossible to perform the breath of mouth in the mouth, you can only produce an indirect heart massage. Resuscitation actions should be continued until the ambulance arrives. The optimal time to start resuscitation is 2-3 minutes after stopping the heart. The practical limit of resuscitation actions is 30 minutes, the exclusion of victims, which are in cold temperatures. The effectiveness of resuscitation actions is estimated by the color of the skin of the victim (corrosion of the face, the disappearance of the sinushesity).
Medical treatment. In case of unsuccessful measures for 2-3 minutes, 1 ml of 0.1% adrenaline (intravenous, intramuscularly or intracardo), calcium solution of chloride is 10% - 10 ml, solution of stanfantine 0.05% - 1 ml diluted in 20 ml of 40% solution glucose.
If you have breathing, the victim need to give a stable lateral position and wait for ambulance.

4. On the burned surfaces should be superimed with dry gauze or contour bandages. Focusing the overlap of oxid dressings.

5. If the victim in consciousness can be possible before the emergence of ambulance, as necessary, can be given anesthetic (analgin, ibuprofen, etc.) and / or the calming agent (Valerian tincture, Persene, Money Bekhtereva, etc.).

6. Transported the victim only in the position lying and heat covered.

Treatment in hospital

All the victims with the phenomena of shock are hospitalized into the intensive care unit and intensive therapy.
The victims without signs of electric or burning shock with limited electrogylas are hospitalized in the chamber of the surgical profile. According to the testimony, the toilet of burn wounds, dressings, drug treatment (heart and antiarrhythmic drugs, vitamins, etc.) are carried out. If necessary, complex surgical interventions are carried out to restore the integrity and functional ability of damaged tissues and organs.
Victims without local lesions, even with satisfactory condition, need hospitalization to the therapeutic department for further observation and examination. Since there are cases of late, both from the cardiovascular system of complications (stopping the heart, heart rate disorders, etc.) and from other systems (nervous, respiratory, etc.).
People who suffered an electrician often need long rehabilitation. Since the effect of electric flow can cause remote complications. These complications include: the defeat of the central and peripheral nervous system (inflammation of the nerves - neuritis, trophic ulcers, encephalopathy), cardiovascular system (heart rate disorders and the conductivity of nerve impulses, pathological changes of the heart muscle), the appearance of cataracts, hearing impairment, as well as violation functions of other organs and systems.

Electric shock protection

The best protection against electric shock is "head on shoulders." It is necessary to clearly know all the requirements and rules for security when working with an electric shock, use the necessary means of individual protection and be extremely attentive when performing any work with electrical installations.

Means of protection:

Insulating lining and stands;
Dielectric carpets, gloves, galoshes, caps;
Portable grounding;
Tools with insulating handles;
Use of screens, partitions, chambers for protection against electric power;
The use of special protective clothing (type EP1-4);
Reduce the time of stay in the danger zone;
Posters and safety signs.

Safety requirements

To approach the current-generating parts should be only equal to the length of the insulating part of the electric power supply.
Be sure to apply an individual shielding set of clothes when operating in open distribution devices with a voltage of 330 kV and higher.
In electrical installations, voltage above 1000V, use the voltage pointer to use dielectric gloves when operating in electrical dispensers over 1000V.
In conditions of approaching thunderstorm, all work in distribution devices must be discontinued.

The electrician is called the lesion of the body to the body, regardless of its strength. With electric shock, there is a concept of imaginary death. This means that a person visually does not give signs of life, but this condition is only for the period of direct exposure to the voltage. Therefore, it is necessary to start with the cessation of current flow.

If a person succumbed to the action of electric that, in no case cannot be touched by bare hands, it is necessary to stop the flow of tension.

Provide your own security. If you need to remove the wire - wear any dry gloves (better rubber). To protect yourself from the transfer of current on the floor, the shoes are suitable. Practically any with a rubber sole, therefore it is an easy task. Despite the fact that the Earth does not transmit the current flow when the high-voltage wire is influenced at the close distance, it can propagate due to the high voltage force.
From the victim to remove the wire, if necessary. Then drag a person for clothes (not for hand or leg) at least 10 meters from the exposure site. This moment is suitable for challenging ambulance.
Now you need to find the pulse on the neck on the carotid artery. On hand is inconvenient due to the fact that the vessel is smaller in diameter and through gloves can not be heard. If the victim is unconscious, check if there is a reaction of pupils to light (with the upper century lifting the diameter of the pupil).
If the above features are missing, I need urgent cardiovurable resuscitation activities (artificial respiration and indirect heart massage). When a person is in consciousness, the victim is attached to the position lying on the side, it is necessary to hide on top with a blanket or a jacket for warming. It is impossible to leave such a victim for a minute, but constantly monitor his condition before the doctor's arrival. There are cases when after successful resuscitation, cardiac arrest occurs again.

Electric shock is an unexpected shock for human assistance. In order not to be confused, it should be noted, under what conditions it is possible to obtain an impact on the body of a large voltage.

First aid in one picture:

Liberation of the victim from the current

If there are currentswhich are under great tension, are in the hands of a person, an uncontrolled maximum reduction of muscles of the brushes occurs. As a result, you can not always pull the wire from the hands.
When there is a simple touchImmediately need to remove the source or disable the device. In case of non-compliance with the above-mentioned means of self-defense, the impact will spread on a helper person to a greater extent. Nothing can be done before eliminating the effects of tension.
More secure is to turn off the current than just the physical elimination of the contact voltage contact

A special situation is work at height. When the current is turned off, it may fall by adding a mechanical effect to the electrician. It is necessary to ensure maximum safety not only in such a situation, but also the victim.

Conduct the necessary rescue activities

The help algorithm has already been listed at the beginning.

Now you need to deal in more detail from resuscitation processes:

The victim should be put on the side. Under the feet you need to put something to stimulate blood outflow and do not stop circulating blood. Next to free the chest from clothes.
Open a man's mouth and check, whether the language was not fed, if before that he was in a position lying on his back. With the loss of consciousness, the position of the tongue is not controlled, therefore, there may be asphyxia of the respiratory path due to its springs. If necessary, you need to pull it forward with your hand and lock your finger. Furning to the back will still have to resuscitate.
If resuscitation holds 1 personIt requires constant alternation of indirect massage of the heart and artificial respiration (through the nose or mouth). If several people help, the resuscitation will be easier, but it is impossible to move away from alternateness. For every 2 stimulus, breathing accounts for 3-5 powerful clicks (not shocks!) In the area of \u200b\u200bthe heart.
Even if the life of the body has not recovered, It is impossible to stop stimulating the body. Thus, the body is pumping passively, the nutrition of the tissues does not stop. It is necessary to follow the reaction of the pupil to the light. If it was not, but it appeared, this is a very good sign. It means that events are carried out successfully.

Maintaining vital functions

Resuscitation events without signs of self-breathing and there is maintaining life functions.

In addition, it is necessary to ensure the overall maintenance of the body:

If a man is cold, it needs to be covered.
Burned areas Must remain open, otherwise the pain effect will only be stronger.
Give a convenient position.
In secondary injuries with bleeding, make emergency measures to stop it. It is important to remember that arterial bleeding is a blood jet under pressure of scarlet or bright red. Venous bleeding pulsating, i.e. Blood comes out of purses and the color is dark. To stop, you need to impose 2 harness. One immediately to the place of cuts, if possible. The second harness is tied with arterial bleeding at a certain distance above the focus, with venous - below the place of damage.
When signs of fracture limbs, It is necessary to secure the tire. Any solid smooth thing is suitable to which a hand or foot is attached. Moves the person is recommended smaller, if there is a probability of the spinal fracture.
Dislocation to go on their own not needed without knowledgehow to do it right. This state will suffer before the specialist's arrival. Because with the wrong bone and joints, you can only exacerbate the situation and provoke bundles or even a fracture.

Assessment of the state of the victim

Only a doctor can define an accurate estimate of the state.

But previously on general features you can distinguish a slight lesion from a large severity:

Primarilywhether the victim is conscious.
Pulse and its frequency.
Signs of self-breathing and its severity (frequent surface, normal, rare deep, with pathological noise)
The severity of pain syndrome from the degree of burn. After all, the loss of consciousness may be due to painful shock.
The presence of secondary injury (fractures when falling, bruises, bleeding, etc.)

All data on these criteria must be communicated to the ambulance brigade. Still fix current and resuscitation time.

What can I do?

When the first medical care is provided during electric crash, it is impossible:

Touch with bare arms The current source and its conductors, the person himself.
Prohibited Putting a victim sitting or standing at a relatively normal state of consciousness.
Prohibited Process thermal current burns. Never impose ointments, folk medicine and ice.
Reception of drugs At its discretion is also banned. Specialists will assist, and if suddenly it turns out that they repeated the reception of a similar group of drugs, an overdose may occur. And this is an additional burden on the body. Moreover, it is necessary to clearly understand that it is from pharmacological agents that can be used in each case.
If there are no signs of life, Cannot throw the victim. He needs to continuously carry out resuscitation events even in the absence of consciousness to maintain blood supply, passive breathing.

Where can a person get an electrician?

The place and circumstance of the emergency determines the classification of electricians.

Therefore, where a person may face it, it is more convenient to disassemble it:

Production. The largest share among other species belongs to such injuries. At any enterprise, workers face currents, so many options for lesion.
Natural. The punch with a thunderstorm is a powerful electric shock. Most often, the defeat is not compatible with life. Nevertheless, resuscitation activities remain the same.
Household. When a person is in a private house, and amenable to exposure to electric current, it is household injury. But if a specialized electrician got an electrician in the same house, then this is already referred to in production.

You need to be prepared for the fact that under the domestic lesion current in the dark, to eliminate the exposure of the current will have to urgently turn off the electroderubable. Therefore, it is worth thinking about the lantern so as not to assist in the dark.

Regardless of the method of damage, the same pathological processes occur in the body.

What is happening in the body when electric crash?

man's hand after shock

First, there is a notion of lightning death when the current and time of its impact turned out to be more than it was endowed.

If a person managed to escape, the following processes occur in his body:

The first thing is visible is thermal burns. At the exposure site there is a huge amount of heat, which destroys healthy fabrics. It may be superficial defeat and deep up to the bone. The very first nerves are affected, the walls of small cavities of the body (for example, nose), lens, etc. Burns are prone not to spread to extensive parts of the body, but deep into the thickness of the fabrics.
A distinctive feature of the defeat It is current that the appearance of a dense stamp, which, with accuracy, repeats the outlines of that cable or wire, with which there was direct contact.
When fireing a victim's clothing, Typical burns arise with fire.
To pathological conditions According to system of organs, referred to: disorder of the central nervous system, convulsive seizures, loss of consciousness and speech, blood circulation failure and breathing.

Now you need to stay at some first-aid points in more detail.

What should not be done not to become affected by electric current?

Human health is in his hands. It is necessary not only to abide by all the prescriptions, but also bring them to those who surrounding people.