Production of self-made 3G antenna for long-distance reception. Antenna Kharchenko: Calculation and manufacture

Modern life without access to the Internet is incredible. But providers are not always able to provide a high-quality connection line to their customers, because reliable communication is possible only in the field of confident reception. And it, in turn, is limited to the power of the transmitter, the location of the area (in the lowlands the signal is insecure), as well as the distance. Increase the quality of the signal and expand its reception range by connecting to the Harchenko antenna for 3G or 4G.

With the appropriate settings, this antenna is both an amplifier and a receiver. As an antenna, this bikvadrat proposed to use the inventor and scientist Harchenko. Biquadrat is a subspecies of framework antennaswhich primarily refer to the type of zigzag.

K. P. Kharchenko proposed this device as an antenna in the middle of the last century (1961) for use as a television receiver. There is a serious basis for this: it is a historical, fixed by the fact that, configuring its antenna to 14 megahertz and giving it the necessary position, the scientist received a signal from America.

Now the signal amplifier mobile communications And you can buy the Internet without any problems in special stores or perform Harchenko antenna with your own hands.

Among the factory models of the antennas amplifiers it is easy to find powerful devices with high characteristics. But it is often possible to do with a simple design, which is easy to assemble from the primary means personally. It suffices to take advantage of the well-known development of Harchenko.

According to the creator's studies, the antenna output parameters reliably enhances the operation of digital devices operating on mobile platformsBy forming an increase in signal reception to 3-4 dB, and even without the use of the reflector, and with its introduction - up to 8-9.

To create an antenna Kharchenko for a 4G modem with your own hands, as well as to enhance the 3G signal, you can do the smallest set of devices and devices that are poured from any home master. Required:

If there is no glue, you can do it yourself. To do this, we need to dissolve the usual foam of gasoline or acetone on the bottom of the glass dishes.

Device and optimal dimensions

As is known, the 4G modem operates at a frequency of 2100 MHz. She is equivalent to the wavelength of 143 millimeters. Now there are still models that are created at 900 MHz, and those that use an integral order, but they already lose their relevance.

The key hubs amplifier are:

• the vibrator - the waves of magnetoelectric oscillations are induced, which are sent by the transmitter of the 4G provider;
• antenna wire with an element of coordination that broadcasts the induced radio signal from the vibrator;
• signal transmission unit from wires to the modem input;
• a reflector that eliminates signal breaks and reflective noises - it is needed to increase the power of the reception.

It is important to pay attention to the type of metal used. For amplifier, as a rule, copper or aluminum is used. In home situations, taking into account the small parameters of the vibrator, easier to connect the cable soldering. For this reason, it is immediately necessary to dwell on copper, even without evaluating a number of other positive parties.

The configuration and dimensions of the cross section play a special role. It is recommended to build an antenna Kharchenko from the wire with a cross section of at least 5 mm² and a diameter of 2.5 mm, since these parameters, according to the folk experience, are most favorable. It is necessary to make a reservation, which is allowed to take a thickness of 2.3 mm with a cross section of 4 mm², which will not significantly reduce the characteristics of the reception. If required, it is permissible to install with a cross section of 2.5 mm², but this will spoil the quality of the signal, will increase its extinction. Although for a particular case or terrain it can be quite possible - it is necessary to approach individually.

To receive a sure signal, you must pay attention to the symmetry of the squares and the equivalent size of side surfaces.

The main difference from the standard antennas, with which a private wizard may encounter is the size of the wave counteraction, and it can be 75 or 50 ohms. To reduce the loss of power, it is more reliable to apply a wire with less resistance. It is more suitable in electronic indicators, more consistent with the smallest signal loss. However, by using one of these types of wires, it is better to more accurately choose the mechanical dimensions of the vibrator under it. In this case, the leakage of the signal power will become the smallest.

Any steel plate can be in the role of the screen. It can be cut out of fuster or cut off with a grinder of unnecessary aluminum pots. If there is no metal, you can get out of the position and take the fane or cardboard and go to the foil. You can not worry about the result - there will be no tangible difference. In any case, the resulting design will be able to overlap the walking wave background from different sides.

Perfectly shows a spent DVD. It is possible to increase its efficiency by covering aluminum foil one of the sides. This option is perfectly coping with the reflection of the waves. Its additional plus is an aesthetic appearance and a significant relief of work.

To use the disk, it will only be necessary to assimilate it with glue and fix on the lid from the plastic bottle. You also need to adjust the vibrator range from the reflector. This can be done using extra washers (you can take from screws) or trimming of superfluous thickness.

Collecting the amplifier, you need to pay attention to the parallelism of the area of \u200b\u200bthe vibrator and the reflector.

First, you should create a vibrator. The size and symmetry are of paramount importance. To make the maximum setting of the installation, you need to make all the edges of the squares are absolutely the same. It can be achieved in two ways:

• be sure to pre-mark the wire marker;
• apply the control template of a certain length.

In the first method, the Passatias put on the marking of the wire and fuses the latter at an angle of 90 degrees to control the bending of the coal.

In the second case, it is necessary to separate the part of the wire along the scale, slightly more largest than the sides of the square, and then appeal to a file or a large eyebrow to the control size. The temporary template made together with the wires in the Pollutage sponge in such a way that one end simultaneously rests on a solid plane, and the second with the output plane plane. Also, to guarantee the levels of surfaces, you can make an online calculation, using the Harchenko antenna calculator specially designed for such purposes.

After that, the hands bending the vibrator, using the control template for each edge of the square. After the wire is completely deployed, its remaining part is eliminated by the windows. Caliling measurement of faces occurs, which provides symmetry in the position of each of the sides in the same plane.

Connections and signal transmission options

In the middle of the cover from the bottle, drill drill or rolls a hole with a knife, slightly less cable diameter (so that the design is more stable). Entered the end of the wire. After that, it is disassembled so that the central lived with a place for brings and soldering.

Connecting the wires is carried out by any soldering iron (even self-made). When the soldering is over, the cover is tensioned on the vibrator, leading through the cable.

The reliability of the compound can be increased by applying glue and carrying small propuls in a plastic traffic jam.

DVD disk Through the central hole is entered into the cable and sticks to the end of the plug. In this installation, the reflector and the vibrator do not intend to be among themselves electrocontact.

In this way, an antenna vibrator, together with the reflector, guarantee a good reception of the electromagnetic wave of the signal contactless from the transmitter and redirect it along a coaxial wire. Now only remains to redirect it to the modem.

4G signal redirection on modem can be resolved in two ways:

• run a direct connection of the coaxial wire cables directly to the modem board;
• use the Harchenko antenna made an antenna as an intermediate gain and using it to transmit the received signal to the integrated antenna of the receiving device.

The first method, in turn, implies two solutions depending on whether there is a special connector on the modem to connect to the external antenna or it is missing.

If there is a connector, it will eliminate the amateur masters from solving additional tasks. Then you only need to solder the ends of the coaxial wire to the second part of the connector and connect the antenna through it.

If there is no connector, it will take not only a disassembly to organize direct connection to the modem board. coaxial cableBut also soldering the rod veins with a screen layer for microcircuit tracks. It's very complex and thin technical workwhich you want to make sure, safely and with the complete consequence of technology. Otherwise, the modem fails, and then it will have to buy again.

Any will cope with this task. It will be necessary to solder electrodes on the output points of the coaxial wire - they will become the generator node and will emit a generally accepted and intense magnetoelectric wave straight to the modem antenna. It is necessary to make any thread of one turn on the external circuit of the modem case and measure its size line. After that, it is necessary to add 5 mm and cut out of the foil or tin can a pair of strips of 75 mm in length and 45 and 27 width.

A wide part for the rod core should be used to configure the modem, and for the screen - semicircle, and then solder them to the Harchenko antenna.

The electrodes need to be dissolved on a slight distance and to direct them in such a way that they produce and address the adopted magnetoelectric signal on the integrated modem antenna. Their best location can be further expressed.

Now everything is ready. It remains only to insert a 4G modem into a laptop connector, and then check the quality of the network.

A convenient device for accessing the Internet is the so-called USB modem based on 3G mobile technology, and more modern technology 4 generations.

The difference in 3G and 4G technology is mainly lies in the data transfer rate. So the maximum speed 3G is 15-20 MB / s., While 4 generation offers a transfer rate up to 100 MB / s. Technically, there is a difference in the frequency of transmission and in a number of other parameters of the total plan. Currently, almost all operators mobile Internet: MTS, Beeline, MegaFon and Tele2, represent technologies both GSM, 3G and 4G modem. Technical support 3G and LTE differs, therefore 4G has its own frequency of work.

The dependence of the Internet connection using 3G technology from a plurality of factors leads to the fact that it is often necessary to use signal amplifiers. What to say about 4G LTE connection, which is even more demanding about the quality of the signal.

General signal enhancement principles

There are several ways to increase the signal power and create a stable connection:

• Install a USB modem as close as possible to the transmitting station, to raise it above, bring it to the window;
• To buy a signal amplification system manufactured by industrial methods;
• Create a reception external antenna Alone, using hardware for this, tin from food cans or copper wire in Kharchenko bike.

The signal amplifier works according to the following scheme:

1. The outer antenna 3 G for the modem catches a weak signal from the transmitting station of mobile communications;
2. The signal enters the repeater, if available;
3. The reinforced signal from the repeater enters the modem.

It should be noted that when making an antenna with your own hands, the repeater is usually not used. How to make an antenna? About this below.

Important! The quality of the signal is influenced by the length of the cable from the computer to the modem. Than this wire is shorter, the better the reception.

Views of antennas

For use as working materials suitable different materialsBut preferred copper alloys. Although in some cases, banks from coffee perfectly showed. The cable is shown to apply television, high-frequency. Antenna for a 3G modem with their own hands is easy, but time and labor costs are proportional to its effectiveness.

Types of performance:

• A amplifier from conventional tin cans from under coffee or canned goods posted on a high-frequency cable for window opening. At the same time, 3-4 wire turns are screwed to the modem. The disadvantages are non-primary appearance and bulky, on the other hand, a cannon antenna for a modem is unpretentious and easy to manufacture;
• The use of tin cans as a reflector, in this case, the bank is used as an antenna from under food from white metal. In the side wall, the bank is done by a hole exactly by section of the modem box. After that, the modem is simply inserted into the jar. For temporary fixation, you can use conventional plasticine or chewing gum. Good fixation gives the use of cold welding. The modem itself connects to a laptop or computer using a cable. This 3G antenna option is more efficient than the above, can give up to 20% increase;
• Use as a reflector satellite plates. A fairly interesting method, but requiring enough long and tedious setting up the location of the modem relative to the focus of plates. In addition, it will not be possible to use a plate as a television, since in the case of a modem installation it must be sent towards the station. In this case, the insulation of the modem from the impact of the external environment is obligatory. The method is complex, but in the case of visibility of the transmitting station, where it is enough to send, outstanding an excellent result;
• The use of an antenna 3 G is can be both independently performed antenna and television, the calculation of this antenna scheme is complicated, so the use of an antenna for 3G factory manufacturer is recommended. You can disassemble the pin antenna and use parts from it. The directional antennas are good enough, although they have their drawbacks;
• Using biquette antenna. Antenna Kharchenko is known since the 60s of the last century. In terms of quality and efficiency, well showed itself during their long service. Harchenko Antenna for 3G modem consists of two unlocked rhombuses connected with one angle. Behind the frame is the reflector, which can be made from a sheet of tin or copper alloy. The homemade 3G antenna perfectly showed itself in terms of efficiency and costs. The location of the antenna: the higher, the stable signal: better placethan the roof of a multi-storey house, not found. The direction of the antenna is treated with an experienced way. The antenna is directed manually. Kharchenko bikvadrat takes a signal quite well three and four Ji.

Important! When soldering, take into account the peculiarities of the metal, so most of the modern cables are bad enough, but there are excellent feeders design, to solder which is easy and simple. Do not forget that in different cases Their use will facilitate life.

Antenna connection with modem

To connect an antenna and connector, it is best to use a high-frequency television cable. Connect the elements of the antenna and the cable is best through soldering, this is achieved by the required density of the connection.

There are several options for connecting a modem to an external antenna:

• Connect the connector with the antenna can be the simplest winding turns of the bare wire on the modem housing - not the most successful, but it is very fast;
• Creating a highly efficient removable connection, in this case, you need a leaf of copper foil, which gently turns around the connector and placed with a small adhesive. After that, the foil strip is disappeared along the length and one end part is seated. The cable comes from the antenna on top of the antenna. From above, at a distance of 5 mm, the foil strip is soldered, which serves as the screen. The effectiveness of such a USB modem connection and antenna will be much higher than winding the wires on the modem. This is enough good system connections may be the best;
• The most effective will be the use of a standard antenna adapter, but, unfortunately, this method is suitable only for such a connector, which has the ability to connect an external amplifier.

Important! It should be noted that during the skills of soldering thin parts, it is possible to disassemble the modem itself and solder the antenna output directly to the inner antenna. The test of this method shows a significant signal improvement. But this method is not recommended to apply without sufficient skill with microcircuits.

Production of Harchenko Antenna for Modem

3G modem operates at a frequency of 2100 MHz. Based on the required calculation, the overall diagram of the 3 G antenna consists of two rhombuses connected by the central spike. The sides of the sides of the rhombus are 35 mm, the diameter of the copper wire is 2-4 mm, the outer angle of the rhombus is 120 degrees, and the error must be minimal.

Antenna Kharchenko for a 3G modem is done with his own hands quite easily, relative complexity is only in calculating the parameters and search for the necessary materials. It is this 4G antenna that is shown to all amateurs of surfing on the Internet in hard-to-reach places.

Armed with a ruler, transporter and scissors for metal, cut the wire. To flexing the frame of the antenna and the convenience of its soldering, you can make the simplest conductor, for this you need a scheme. In terms of transport and line, we design a wooden board according to the diagram, for the necessary dimensions. We drive 4 nails or self-proof over the corners of Rhomba, after which they hide a straightened wire on them.

The distance between the bottom and the upper frame in the connection site should be no more than 3 mm. In this place we solder the end of the high-frequency cable, covered with the feeder. The presence of a feeder will allow changing the wire to the frame without problems, since most of the modern wires are quite difficult to solder with ordinary methods.

For greater efficiency, a plate of copper foil or foil textolite is installed at a distance of 3-5 cm. This is a reflector. In order to withstand the constant distance between the frame and the deflector, in place of the connection, we set the dielectric gasket or pin with the necessary thickness. Fresh frame and deflector to her. Do not forget about the insulation pin. Thus, the gasket is a link of antenna, the requirements for it are appropriate.

In some cases, adding the third and fourth rhombus in the antenna to improve a very weak signal.

Since the main part of the device will be held on the street under the influence of rain, wind and temperature drops, it is worth covering it with a nitrola layer. This will protect the frame and the reflector from the impact of moisture.

If necessary, the parameters are calculated for the required frequency. The calculation of the antenna is not difficult. Currently, a fairly online calculator for calculating the parameters of the biquadrate for 4G modem. After that, we connect the cable with the recipe modem, and the amplifier is ready.

Video

The design of the antenna was proposed by Kharchenko K.P. In 1961, to receive the television channels of the meter range and for a long time It was the most popular television antenna, having received the name "zigzag". See the articles in the magazine "Radio" (Radio No. 3, №4, №8 1961; №11, 1962; №4, 1966; №10, 1967). Over time, the antenna was reconstructed for decimeter and other ranges. With the advent of digital 3G, Wi-Fi Nets operating at higher frequencies, the zigzag antenna swore and has established themselves to be one of the best for making with their own hands.

In the West, such antenna is called "Biquard", "Trevor Marshall" s antenna ". She, as well as triple square It is a type of frame antenna. Consider: Antenna Harchenko - this is two square frames combined into one system. Frame antennaAs you know, there are positive qualities as broadband and not critical to the accuracy of manufacture. (Of course, this is not a reason to make her crayflap

Television is transmitted in most cases a horizontal-polarized wave, and 3G, Wi-Fi, CDMA - vertically polarized. Therefore, for these Networks, the G8 should be in the "lying" position and reminds a kind of "glasses".

In the network you can find many designs of the Harchenko antenna for both Wi-Fi and 3G UMTS. Since the frequencies of these types of communication are close, it is important not to get confused here. You can use the online calculator And calculate the antenna directly to your range.

This design is quite combined for the manufacture of antenna for the CDMA-800 range (Interelecom, Peoplenet, Ukraine). At the same time, the size of the reflector approximately corresponds to the A4 sheet sheet, and the wire or copper tube must be taken a thickness of 5-8 mm (you can the copper strip of the same width). The reflector can be made from tin. Dimensions - from the same calculator!

On the CDMA-450 range, the antenna dimensions are already up to the half-meter in width, therefore, to reduce the sail, it is better to apply the reflector in the form of a grid.
You can use a building mesh with a cell no more than 1 cm, reinforced on a H-shaped supporting structure from any suitable metal. Since the edges of the frame have zero potential, it can be attached to the reflector with metal bolts. The frame is made of a 10mm wide duralumin strip, joints - on aluminum rivets.

Owners of country sites are concerned about establishing a good connection on their territory. As a rule, voice communication is well established, but the Internet on the phone is weak, pictures and videos do not open. To make it stronger, users set additional devices, one of which is an antenna for the Internet to the cottage. It allows you to establish an uninterrupted connection. This is very important to people working on a network that is not tied to one place.

Today, connect to the World Wide Web has become easy. Press the power button, connect the antenna and everything is ready. The router distributes the Internet on Wi-Fi, allows 5 users to be online without loss of quality and speed. 3 Mbps enough to watch videos, talk in Skype, flipping the Internet pages.

Pluses of high-speed Internet outside the city:

1. access to the wireless network;
2. qualitative, fast Internet to 3Mbps;
3. access to the network from any corner of the house;
4. the ability to receive Internet on 5 devices at the same time.

Antennas for amplification are set, according to the frequency range and destination. Choose them mostly square shape with contact pads connected to the grid.

To install the Internet, it will be necessary:

• 3G modem;
• sIM card with the internet service;
• USB cable;
• wi-Fi router.

When the Internet is needed only on the computer, insert uSB modem And everything is ready. If there is a need to use the worldwide web on the phone, tablet and several laptops, use the Wi-Fi router.

Equipment

A convenient tool is considered to be 3G-4G-5G modem. Mobile operators advise ordinary, fast, inexpensive options. The speed of Wi-Fi is constantly growing, ahead of the technical capabilities of operators.

The most important thing for the Internet in the country is to increase the quality of the received signal. The simplest way This is the use of different signal amplifiers and raise antennas as above.

When guests arrive at the cottage and everyone simultaneously enter the network, the speed falls. In this case, it is necessary to make the Internet strengthening in the country.

Equipment of antenna to enhance the Internet

There are 5 ways to strengthen the Internet by additional equipment:

1. replace the operator;
2. connect a special antenna;
3. take the mode only 3G Internet into the cottage;
4. lengthen the internet modem at the cottage with using USB. cable;
5. take advantage of the special UTR extension.

3G + 4Glite. Contains a portable router, antenna, a cable assembly. Support gain up to 26 dB. The wire goes long 20 meters. The complex is autonomous, makes it possible to function some time without inclusion in the power grid.

3G + 4GlTebox. This 3G internet kit is considered strong enough to the cottage. The length of the USB cable is 5-10 meters. Antenna enhancement goes up to 20 dB. The action of the Wi-Fi zone is 40 meters. Interact with different SIM cards. The number of users is quite large.

3G + 4Glteuno. This kit for the Internet on the cottage with an antenna is independently connected via the LTE 3G network. To customize it is easy. Can be installed in rural areas.

3G + 4goptima. The antenna is equipped with a gain of up to 26 dB, wire, USB modem, router.

3G + 4Gmax. Antenna for Internet receiving in the country has an increase of up to 20 dB, connected in the building itself, also outside. Functional router, two cable assemblies, adapter pair are part of the kit. The device is equipped with a SIM card of different operators. It is enough easy to place the device in the country area.

Connecting to 3G modem of a special antenna

It's long I. sophisticated way. First of all, you will have to turn on the modem, redo the input for an antenna from the internal under the outer. The painstaking work will be rewarded: the antenna made to enhance the Internet in the country will add stability and signal quality.

Then take the amplifier to the street, attach it, preferably to the roof of the building. Spin in all directions to catch the signal. When the goal is achieved, attach it to the wall of the house. The computer must be the user to check the optimal position of the antenna. This option is quite efficient when the 3G signal is on the removal.

Antenna for giving to improve the 4G signal can be made independently. But, better decision The question is the Antenna Complex StreetultraPro. It interacts with different SIM cards. You can connect it even in areas where there is no coverage of the provider's network. This amplifier has two entrances: one goes under the SIM card, a twisted pair is introduced into the second router, receiving a strong signal.

Why is an antenna in the country area? Country house without the Internet is no longer full housing. Many work online, almost everyone communicate, play online. The antenna helps strengthen the Internet, make it better and fast.

Many of us have long and enjoyed such devices as modems from cellular operatorsthat allow you to access the World Wide Web. But unfortunately, in contrast to broadband wired InternetSuch devices have several significant disadvantages. The main one is the features of the propagation of a radio signal in the surrounding space. Radio waves in 3G, 4G and LTE ranges have a bad property to reflect on obstacles, scatter and fond, the speed and quality of the Internet connection will deteriorate accordingly. What can be taken in such a situation?

The easiest and most cheap way to enhance the signal coming from base station The provider on your modem is a homemade antenna from the subwoofers made by their own hands. Let's consider together the most simplest and most popular options for making structures that enhance the radio signal entering the MODEM with BS.

Wire antenna

The simplest version of the self-made antenna is the use of a piece of copper wire of a small cross section, which you need to wind into several turns around the top of the modem. The remaining end of the wire 20-30 centimeters long extend vertically. This primitive method under certain conditions may noticeably increase the stability of the received radio signal.

Can

Probably, in any house, if you wish to find an empty used tin can from soft drinks or coffee. This simple item can be the basis of another self-made antenna. We remove the capacitance cover, we make a hole in the side wall, we insert the modem to the modem to half the housing, you connect to a computer or laptop using a USB extension. Next remains to find the best location of the design in space. The gain effect in this case can be very good.

Colander 4g.

Most people have an ordinary aluminum colander. And this item utensils can be used to create another simple antenna for a modem. You only need to fix the "whistle" in the bowl of dishes, for example, using adhesive tape. As they say, everything is ingenious simply.

Frame zigzago-shaped antenna of the famous Soviet radio amateur Kharchenko. For the manufacture of such an amplifier, a copper wire with a cross section of 2.5 mm is needed. Bend it in the form of two combined squares, to the connection point by placing the modem connected via the USB cable to the computer. From the back of the antenna, thin metal sheet as a reflector. Make such a device can be pretty quickly, and the gain coefficient under certain conditions can be very pleased.

Converted satellite antenna

Many of us use the services satellite television. And if there is an old satellite plate at your disposal, it is quite possible to redo the antenna for the 4G modem. Make it very simple. Remove the converter from the bar and in its place is secure modem. We guide the construction towards the base station of the provider, slowly rotate it until the best result is achieved.

So, we reviewed several options for the manufacture of antenna for a 4G modem with their own hands from affordable programs. You can try to make yourself any of the proposed models and noticeably enhance the signal received from the base station of the provider. Good luck!