What search engines exist. What are search engines

Expected Google ranked first in the world ranking. His share has to more than 70% of search queries from residents from all over land. Moreover, a third of the entire Google.com traffic falls on US citizens. In addition, Google is the most visited site in the world. The average daily duration of the use of the Google search engine is 9 minutes.

The advantage of Google's search engine is the lack of unnecessary items on the page. Only the search bar and the company logo. Fishka They are animated pictures and browser games dedicated to popular and local holidays.

2. Bing.

Bing - microsoft Search Engineleading its history since 2009. From now on, it has become a mandatory attribute of smartphones on Windows. Bing also distinguishes minimalism - in addition to the header with a list of all Microsoft products, only the search string and the system name is located on the page. The most popular Bing in the United States (31%), China (18%) and Germany (6%).

3. Yahoo!

The third place was consolidated at one of the oldest search engines - Yahu. The bulk of users also lives in the United States (24%). It seems that the rest of the world consciously avoids the help of search robots ...Also the search engine is popular in India, Indonesia, Taiwan and in the UK. In addition to the search string, on the page Yahoo! Weather forecast in your region, as well as world trends in the form of news feeds.

4. Baidu.

Chinese search engine, which in Russia has gained bad fame. Due to the aggressive policies and the lack of translation into Russian or English, the expansion of this search engine is perceived as viruses. They are very difficult to remove to the end and get rid of pop-up windows with hieroglyphs. However, this site is fourth in the world By attendance. 92% of its audience make up citizens of China.

5. AOL.

AOL is an American search engine, whose name is decrypted as America Online. Its popularity is significantly lower than that previous systems. Her dawn occurred in the 90s and 00s. Almost 70% of AOL audience are residents of the United States.

6. Ask.com.

This search engine leads its history since 1995, quite unusual interface. All requests, she perceives as questions and offers answers in accordance with the search results. This is something reminded by the service response. Male. However, not answers of lovers fall into the issuance, but full-fledged articles. Over the past year, the site lost about 50 positions in the world ranking of the most popular Internet resources and today takes only 104th place.

7. Excite.

This search engine is not remarkable, and is similar to a lot of other sites. It offers users a lot of services (such as news, mail, weather, travel, etc.) The site interface also causes memories of WEBI of the 90s and, and can be assumed, has changed little since.

8. DuckDuckGo.

Developers immediately warn that this search engine does not track your actions online. Nowadays, this is a weighty argument when choosing a search engine. The site design is made in a modern manner, uses bright colors and funny pictures. Unlike other search engines, the "duck search engine" is translated into Russian. Over the past year, the site has played about 400 positions and in March 2017. It is located 504 a line of the rating of the popularity of Alexa.

9. Wolframalpha.

A distinctive feature of this search is a variety of auxiliary services designed for requests associated with those or other knowledge. That is, in extradition you will not see links to posts in social networks or yellow press articles. You will be offered specific numbers and proven facts. in the form of a single document. This browser is ideal for schoolchildren and students.

10. Yandex

The search engine is the most popular in Russia and the CIS countries. In addition, about 3% of the site audience are inhabitants of Germany. The site is notable for a large number of services for all occasions (music, radio, schedule public transport, real estate, translator, etc.) also the resource offers a large selection of individual site design, as well as setting up widgets "Under yourself". Yandex ranks 31th in the world in popularity, losing 11 positions over the past year.

The most popular web service of modernity is the search engine. Everything is explained here, because those times when representatives of the first Internet users could observe new items in the network long ago left.

The information appears and accumulates so much that the person has become very difficult to find exactly the one that he would be needed. Imagine, as if a search on the Internet, if an ordinary user would have to look for information not to understand where. It is not to understand where, because manual search You can't find a lot of information.

Search engine, what is it?

Well, if the user is already known to know sites on which it is possible to have the necessary information, but what to do otherwise? In order to facilitate the life of a person in finding the necessary information on the Internet and invented search engines or simply search engines. Search engine performs one very important functionWith which the Internet would not be as we used to see it - this is a search for information on the network.

Search system - This is a special web node or a different site that provides users with a hyperlink to pages, sites that meet the specified search query.

To be slightly more accurate, then search for information on the Internet, which is carried out by software and hardware functional setting and web interface for interacting with users.

To interact a person with a search engine and a web interface was created, that is, the visible and understandable shell. This approach of development developers facilitates the search for many people. As a rule, it is on the Internet that a search is carried out using search engines, but also there are search systems for FTP servers, individual types of goods in the World Wide Web, or news information or other search directions.

The search can be carried out not only by text filling sites, but also by other types of information that a person can search: images, video, sound files etc.

How is the search for the search engine?

The search itself is on the Internet, exactly the same as viewing web sites is possible with the Internet browser Internet browser. Only after the user asked his query in the search bar, the search itself is directly.

Any search engine contains softwarewhere the entire search engine is based, it is called the search engine - this is a software package and ensuring the possibility of finding information. After turning to the search engine, the formation of man search query And enter it into the search string, the search engine generates a page with a list of search results, the most relevant, according to the search engine here are located above.

Search relevance - search for the most responding service to the user's materials and the location of the hyperlink on them on the issuance page with more accurate results above the others. The distribution itself is called the ranking of sites.

So how does the search engine prepare for issuing your materials and how does the search engine name be found? The collection of information in the network contributes unique for each search system a robot or a different bot, which also has a number of other synonyms as a crawler or spider, and the search system itself can be divided into three stages:

To the first step of the search engine work, you can attribute scanning sites on the global network and collecting your own copies of web pages. This forms a huge number of not yet processed and not suitable information for search results.

The second stage of the search engine is reduced to bringing into order of the previously obtained, at the first stage of information from sites. This sorting is produced, which for the smallest time will favorably favors the highest quality search, which users are actually waiting for the search engine. The stage is called indexing, it means that pages are already prepared for extradition, and the current base will be considered an index.

Just the third stage and causes search issuanceAfter receiving a request from your client, based on keywords or near the keywords specified in the request. This contributes to the selection of the most relevant request for information and subsequent issuance. Since information, very, very many, the search engine performs ranking in line with its algorithms.
The best search engine is the one that can provide the most correctly responding material to the user's request. But here they can meet the results that were influenced by people interested in promoting their site, such sites are not always, but often appear in the search results, but not for a long time.

Although world leaders in many regions are defined, search engines continue to develop their high-quality, search. The better the search they will be able to provide, the more people will use it.

How to use the search engine?

What is a search engine and how it works already understandable, but how to use it right? Most sites are always present a search string, and next to it is the Find button or search. A request is entered into the search string, after which you need to press the search button or how it happens more often, press the Enter key on the keyboard and in a matter of seconds you get the result of the query as a list.

But to get the right answer to the search request, it is not always possible to get the first time. In order to search for the desired did not become painful, it is necessary to properly compose a search query and follow the recommendations below.

Make a search query correctly

Next will indicate tips on how to use the search engine. Following some tricks and rules when searching for information in the search engine will give the opportunity to get the desired result much faster. Follow these recommendations:

1. Competent writing words provides maximum amount Coincidences with the desired information facility (at least modern search engines have already learned to correct spelling errors, but it is not worth neglected by this advice).
2. Through the use of synonyms in the query, you can reach a wider search range.
3. Sometimes changing the word in the query text can bring a greater result. Request a request.
4. Promote species to the request, use the exact entry of phrases to determine the main essence of the search.
5. Experiment with keywords. Using keywords And phrases can help determine the main essence, and the search engine will give a more relevant result.

So such a search engine is nothing but the opportunity to find the information of interest and is usually completely free to use it, to learn something, to understand something or make the right conclusion for yourself. Many no longer represent their lives without voice searchWith which the text does not have to gain, you only need to give your request, and the microphone input device is here. All this indicates a constant development of search technologies on the Internet and the need for them.

Search engines are considered the most popular sites on the Internet. It is not surprising, because to find something on the network, you first have to use the search services.


There are quite a lot of them and not even experienced users Internet, know at least 2-3 search engines.

What are the search engines? Someone knows about one search engine, some know about 10 search services, but in fact they are much more.

Of course, their popularity is different, as well as the interface, and the quality of the results. We will present you a list of different search engines so that you can compare them.

Popular search engines

Developed search services for various categories of people. The most famous covers countries or even the whole world, and less well-known are designed for regions or user interests.

Below is 10 search engines that you must know:

1. - Everything is known about this search engine, it is the most popular in Russia and provides a wide functionality to its users (starting with electronic payments, ending with a webmaster panel).
2. - Leader among all sites in the world. They enjoy people from all countries and consider the highest quality search engine. As with Yandex, clients offer many additional tools.
3. - Search and information system, taking into account the Russian-speaking morphology. The site has several separate versions, for example, Xrambler, through which you can search immediately in several services.
4. - With abroad, this system has tremendous popularity. She has long been translated into Russian, but he never received great fame in RuNet. The users are available to different search (pictures, videos, etc.).
5. - a company known in RuNet, is developing in several directions at once. In addition to its own search engine and the most popular mail service, they are owners of such projects as classmates and VKontakte.
6. - created as a state resource in Russia, but did not receive mass distribution. You can carry out different search formats through it, as well as get useful information.
7. - Designed to search for information in the Chinese Internet segment. Who knows, perhaps and it will be useful for you. You can receive news, search for pictures, music, get cards and much more.
8. - Project of the well-known company Microsoft. By volume of traffic, this site ranks second in the world search engines ranking. He has been working since 1998 and during this time it was upgraded many times.
9. - Only foreigners enjoy this service. Project American and in addition to the search engine, the company has a mass of other sites and services. It is worth noting that they have the largest directory of references to the websites of the world cobweb.

If one of the search engines fail to find information, then why not look for it through another site? Now you have several quality resources, and you will definitely find what you need.

More recently, the erudition was at a great price. But today the knowledge of all the world capitals and the smallest historical details is absolutely useless. Instead of stuffing your brain to no one with the necessary facts, it is enough just to know what kind of search engines are on the Internet. Everything else will solve the smartest software algorithm.

Brief description of search engines

Search engine is software systemwhich is designed to search for information in World Wide Web. The results of the request, as a rule, are presented in the form of a page of issuance consisting of a dozen short text blocks (snippets) in combination with multimedia content.

Today there are about one and a half dozen international data search tools. All of them operate according to the same principles:

1. Responsible for collecting information krauleler - Robot (easier - special program) who "crawls" from the site to the site and enters the index different types data (page content, software scenarios, meta-tags, etc.);
2. After adding to the index, the information becomes available to an ordinary user through the search string interface;
3. The issuance on the results page is ranked in a special way. The key indicator is relevance - Compliance with the initial request.

How to use the search engine?

The developers of these systems did their best to work with them everyone, even a child. And, you need to say, they succeeded:

1. In order to refer to the search engine, it is enough to go to her official website. Design start Pages may differ, but the line for entering the text will necessarily be in the most prominent place;
2. An even easier way is to task the request via the address bar of the browser. Most modern browsers support this function;
3. If the text set in a specific situation is difficult or impossible, you can use the voice input function (starts by pressing the icon with the microphone);
4. After a split second after circulation, the system will issue results;
5. You can use logical operators to accelerate the search. Thus, adding a "minus" sign before the word will exclude it from issuing, the "plus" sign - inform the search engine that this word must be in the artistic text, and the phrase in quotes launches the search by an exact phrase;
6. If you failed to find the necessary information is not trouble. No one bothers to take advantage of another service. We will review the main players in this market.

Browse key services

At the turn of centuries, almost every state had its own national search engine. However, after a few years, competition has left only several global players:

• Google - indisputable market leader. It accounts for the lion's share of world search traffic. In developed countries, its proportion ranges from 80 to 90%. In Russia, the successes of the machine are not so impressive: only 40% share;
• Yandex - The main competitor for Google in Russia is currently occupied by a leading place, according to the change of the search algorithm in 2017, gradually began to lose its position;
• - ranked third in RuNet (about 5%), the search from the famous russian company, is part of Mail.Ru Group, which belongs social networks "VKontakte", Odnoklassniki, Nigma search engine (describing it below), payment system QIWI and a lot of other.
• Bing. - Service from Microsoft. The best results gives primarily on english language. The Russian-speaking segment is practically not developed. This, however, does not prevent Bing to be a search engine number 2 in the world (7%);
• Next, a small margin follows a Chinese company "Baid"which serves in the main markets of East Asia (China and Japan). In the West and in Russia, it is known little;
• Yahoo! - stood at the origins of the modern sphere of high technologies, but lost in a competitive struggle. Today uses the decision from "Microsoft";
• Nigma. - once popular search engine, founded by Russian programmers in 2005, is now almost lost a fraction of traffic;
• Duckduckgogo. - positions itself as a service, carefully related to user data of users (there is no cache collection and personalization).

Yandex: "Our all" in RuNet

The conversation about the search for information on the network would be incomplete without mentioning a key player in the Russian market - Yandex. Her founders of Arkady Volozh and Ilya Segalovich launched a joint venture long before the new Google brand appears. For many decades, the search engine has gave out in the top of the largest in the world (№4 since 2014).

The main reason for such a phenomenon is highest quality Service:

• Yandex first launched a search with Russian morphology. This innovation allowed him in 2001 to zounce the then Giant of the IT-Industry of Rambler;
• Since 2009, the service has begun to take into account the area of \u200b\u200bthe user. Thanks to this, regional sites received an impetus to development;
• In the same year, the Matrixnet's machine learning algorithm was launched, which significantly increased the speed and quality of service;
• In parallel, the English-speaking site was developed, for which Yandex rented an office in California;
• In 2012, the results of the request began to take into account the personal preferences of a particular user.

The popularity of the system is constantly growing: from 2001 to 2017 the volume of traffic increased 280 times. But, as we wrote earlier, after the cardinal shift of the algorithm in 2017, Yandex began to lose the share of its visitors in favor of Google, to see the full statistics of Runet traffic on this moment You can link.

How to delete information about yourself from the search engine?

The Internet is not only a blessing for all mankind, but also a potential source of threats. Some of them create a significant danger to personal data of ordinary users. After entering the network, even the most offensive information is impossible.

So at least it was until recently. From January 2016 in Russia there is a law "On the right to oblivion". Now every person who does not suit his reputation in virtual worldmay clean it quite a legal way. For this you need:

1. Submit an appropriate statement organization providing search services;
2. Attach all possible evidence of the falsity and irrelevance of the data that is proposed to be removed from the issuance;
3. Most search engines facilitate the task of users. You can send the appropriate request through a special online form (for Yandex);
4. For ten days, the company will check the application for the presence of legal grounds;
5. With a positive outcome, the information is to be removed from the index;
6. If the reasons for removal are not established, the organization shall notify the applicant about this.

Yuri Vymeminsky's permanent lead program in one of the interviews mentioned, as Bulgakova discovered an unusual word at Bulgakov and tried to find his meaning. The work in the library took the whole year (!). Today it is impossible to submit this situation: there are many search engines on the Internet. One click - and everyone can connect to world mind.

Video review anonymous search engines

In this video, Anton Morozov will tell you what kind of search engines that preserve the full user's confidentiality are:

Search engines (PS) for a decent time is a mandatory part of the Internet. Today they are huge and most complicated mechanisms that are not only a tool for finding any necessary information, but also quite exciting spheres for business.

Many search users have never thought about the principles of their work, about how to handle user requests, how the system data is built and functioning. This material will help people who are engaged in optimization and, understand the device and the basic functions of search engines.

Functions and concept PS

Search system - This is a hardware and software package that is intended to implement the Internet search function, and responding to a user query that is usually specified as a text phrase (or more accurate search query), issuing a reference list to information sources carried out by relevance. The most common and large search systems: Google, Bing, Yahoo, Baidu. In RuNet - Yandex, Mail.Ru, Rambler.

Consider in more detail the value of the search query itself, taking the Yandex system for example.

The request must be formulated by the user in full compliance with the subject of his search, as simple as possible and briefly. For example, we wish to find information in this search engine: "How to choose a car for yourself." To do it, open main page And enter a request to search "how to choose a car." Then our functions are reduced to enter the links to information sources provided on the network.

But even acting in this way, you can and not get the information you need. If we got a similar negative result, you just need to reform your request, or in the search database there is really no useful information by this kind The query (such is quite possible at the specified "narrow" query parameters, like, for example, "how to choose a car in Anadyri").

The most basic task of each search engine is to deliver to people exactly the type of information they need. And to commit users to create "correct" type of requests for search engines, that is, phrases that will correspond to their principles of work, practically impossible.

That is why search engine development specialists make such principles and algorithms of their work that would give users to find their information. This means that the system should "think" just as a person thinks when finding the necessary information on the Internet.

When he enters his request to the search engine, he wishes to find what he needs, as easy as possible and faster. Having received the result, the user accounts for its assessment of the system, guided by several criteria. Did he get to find the necessary information? If not, how many times did it have to reformate the text of the query to find it? How relevant information was they obtained? How quickly the search engine has processed its request? How comfortable were search results? Was the necessary result first, or was located on a 30th place? How many "garbage" (unnecessary information) was found with useful information? Will there be a relevant information for it, when using PS, in a week, or in a month?

In order to get the right answers to such questions, the search developers are constantly improving the principles of ranking and its algorithms, add them new opportunities and functions and are trying to make any means faster work Systems.

The main characteristics of search engines

Denote the main search characteristics:

Fullness.

Fullness is one of the most important search characteristics; it is the ratio of the numbers found on request information documents to their total number On the Internet belonging to this request. For example, there are 100 pages with the phrase "how to choose a car", and in the same query there were only 60 out of total, then in this case the search full of 0.6 is 0.6. It is clear that the larger the search itself, the greater the likelihood that the user will find exactly the document that he needs, of course, if he exists at all.

Accuracy.

Another basic function of the search engine is accuracy. It determines the degree of compliance with the user's request for the found pages on the network. For example, if the key phrase "how to choose a car" there is a hundred documents, in half of them contain this phrase, and in the rest you simply have such words (how to choose a car radio, and install it in the car "), then search accuracy equal to 50/100 \u003d 0.5.

Than the search is more accurate, the sooner the user will find the information you need, the less diverse "garbage" will meet among the results, the less documents found not to correspond to the meaning of the request.

Relevance.

This is a significant component of the search, which characterizes the time passing from the moment of publishing information on the Internet until it is published in the search engine index base.

For example, the day after the emergence of the output information new iPad.Many users addressed to search with relevant types of requests. In most cases, information about this news is already available in the search, although very little has passed since its appearance. This is due to the presence of "fast base" from large search engines, which is updated several times per day.

Search speed.

This function as the search speed is closely related to the so-called "stability of loads". Every second search is drawn by a huge number of people, such a workload requires a significant reduction in time to handle one request. Here, the interests of both the search engine and the user coincide: the visitor wants to get results as quickly as possible, and the search engine must work it up as quickly as possible, so as not to slow down the processing of subsequent requests.

Visuality.

A visual representation of the results is an essential element of search convenience. According to a multitude of requests, the search engine finds thousands, and in some cases millions of different documents. Due to the fuzziness of the compilation of key phrases for search or its not accuracy, even the very first query results do not always have only the necessary information.

This means that a person often has its own search among the results provided. A variety of components of PS issuing pages help to navigate in search results.

The history of the development of search engines

When the Internet began to develop, the number of its regular users was small, and the amount of information for access was relatively small. Mostly access to this network had only specialists of research areas. At that time, the task of finding information was not so relevant as now.

One of the very first methods of organizing wide access to information resources was the creation of site catalogs, and the references to them began to be grouping on topics. So the first project was the resource Yahoo.com, which opened in the spring of 1994. Subsequently, when the number of sites in the Yahoo directory increased significantly, the option of finding the necessary information on the catalog was added. It has not yet been fully a search engine, since the area of \u200b\u200bsuch a search was limited only by sites included in this directory, and not absolutely all resources on the Internet. Link catalogs were quite widely used earlier, but at present, almost fully lost their popularity.

After all, even today, huge catalogs have information about slightly part of the websites on the Internet. The most famous I. big catalog The world has information about five million sites when Google base contains information about more than 25 billion pages.

The very first real search engine was Webcrawler, which arose in the 1994th year.

Next year, Altavista and Lycos appeared. Moreover, the first was the leader in the search for information a long time.

In 1997, Sergey Brin, together with Larry Page created the car search Google As a research project in Standford University. Today, Google, the most popular and popular search engine in the world.

In September 1997, the Yandex PS was announced (officially), which currently He is the most popular search system in RuNet.

According to N. September 2015.The share of search engines in the world is distributed as follows:

• Google - 69.24%;
• Bing - 12.26%;
• Yahoo! - 9.19%;
• Baidu - 6.48%;
• AOL - 1.11%;
• ASK - 0.23%;
• Excite - 0.00%

According to N. december 2016., Signs of search engines in RuNet:

• Yandex - 48.40%
• Google - 45.10%
• Search.mail.ru - 5.70%
• Rambler - 0.40%
• Bing - 0.30%
• Yahoo - 0.10%

Principles of search engine

In Russia, the main search system is Yandex, then Google, and then [email protected]. All large search systems have their own structure, which is very different from others. But still you can select the main elements common to all search engines.

Indexing module.

This component consists of three robot programs:

Spider. (in English. Spider) - a program that is intended to download web pages. "Spider" downloads a certain page, at the same time removing all links from it. Downloads hTML code Practically from each page. For this, robots use HTTP protocols.

"Spider" functions as follows. Robot transmits a request to the "Get / Path / Document" server and other commands query http.. In response, the robot program receives a flow of text that contains the information of the service type and, of course, the document itself.

• URL of the downloaded page;
• date when the page is downloaded;
• hTTP response server header;
• hTML code, "body" pages.

Crawler. ("Traveling" Spider). This program Automatically enters all links that are found on the page, and also highlights them. His task is to decide where in the future the spider should be found, based on these links or based on the specified list of addresses.

Indexer (Robot indexer) is a program that analyzes the pages that spiders downloaded.

The indexer fully disassembles the page on composite elements And analyzes their analysis, applying their morphological and lexical types of algorithms.

The analysis is carried out over a variety of parts of the page, such as headlines, text, links, stylistic and structural features, hTML tags and etc.

Thus, the indexing module makes it possible to undergo the references of the specified number of resources, download pages, extract the reference mass to new pages from the received documents and make their detailed analysis.

Database

Database (or the search engine index) is a set of data storage, an array of information in which the adjusted parameters of each processed indexing and downloaded document are stored.

Search server.

This is the most important element of the entire system, because the speed and, of course, the search quality depends on the algorithms underlying its functionality.

The search server works as follows:

• The request that comes from the user is subjected to morphological analysis. The information environment of any document available in the database is generated (it will continue to display as a snippet, i.e. the text information field of the corresponding request).
• The data obtained transmits as the input parameters with a specialized ranking module. They are processed in all documents, and in the end, for each such document, its rating is calculated, which characterizes the relevance of such a document as a user's request, and other components.
• Depending on the conditions of the user specified by the user, this rating may well be adjusted by additional.
• It is then generated by SNIPPET himself, i.e. For any document found from the corresponding table, the title, annotation that most meets the query is retrieved, and the link to this document, while the found wordforms and words are highlighted.
• The results of the search received are transmitted to the person in the form of a page that search results (SERP) are issued.

All these elements are closely related to each other and function, interacting, forming a distinct, but rather difficult mechanism for the functioning of the PS, which requires enormous costs of resources.