Special keys on the keyboard. Name of special keys on the keyboard

Keyboard - Main Computer Management Tool. Its development is a primary task for any user. And having mastered the purpose of the special keys and their combinations, you will get the opportunity to speed up and facilitate your work.

Basic Keyboard Key Blocks

The usual keyboard consists of 5 key blocks:

1. Symbolic (depicting the letters of Russian and English alphabets, numbers and punctuation marks). Instead of the numbers to print signs, you must click and hold the SHIFT key.
2. Additional block of digital keys (on the right side of the keyboard). Here is the button Num Lock.which includes and turns off this unit.
3. Special keys:
   • CAPS LOCK - Changes the keyboard register (uppercase letters on the line). By default, most computers are configured to print line letters, after one time pressing the CAPS LOCK button, capital prints are printed;
   • ENTER - is usually used to translate the flashing cursor to the string below;
   • Tab - makes an indent, "red" string;
   • Alt, Ctrl - Expand the capabilities of the keyboard, while pressing other characters serves specific commands to the computer.
4. Cursor keys in graphic and text editors with an image of arrows who translate the cursor up, down, left, right. As well as buttons:
   • INSERT - allows you to activate the text insert / replacement mode on the page;
   • Delete - removes a symbol to the right of a text cursor or selected text;
   • Backspace - removes the symbol before the cursor;
   • Home - Moving the flashing cursor to the beginning of the text / paragraph;
   • End - Move the cursor to the end of the page;
   • Page Up - turns the page up;
   • Page Down - turns the page down.
5. In addition, there are still keys:
   • ESC - Closes some programs (browser windows, computer games and others);
   • long empty button - space;
   • Print Screen - makes the "photo" of the screen, saves it in the clipboard.
6. Function keys (top row, signed by Latin F and numbers from 1 to 12) - together with the previous block, allow you to use the keyboard without a mouse.
   • F1 - Calling Windows help;
   • F2 - edit the selected object (rename files, folders);
   • F3 - search activation. Calls the search window in the system or includes a search by text in the browser;
   • F4 - activates the address bar in Windows Explorer and opens the address string history in the browser Internet Explorer.;
   • F5 - executes the "Update" command, for example, a page on the Internet or system operation;
   • F6 - translates the flashing cursor to the address bar of browsers or is used in computer games to save the achieved level;
   • F7 - F9 - Do not have standard functions, their purpose varies depending on applications. In Games F9, it usually causes a quick saving load F6;
   • F10 - Calling the program menu;
   • F11 - translates the window mode in full screen and vice versa, it is convenient, for example, when watching movies;
   • F12 - B. text editor Microsoft Word. Allows you to save the current document.

In general, when meeting with any annex, it makes sense to figure out which functions perform function keys. It can help you facilitate and speed up work.

"Hotkeys

Simultaneous pressing of some keys provides a quick execution of a computer even more commands. Such key combinations are called hot. The most common of them:

• Alt + Shift - Switching the keyboard layout (changes the input language);
• Alt + F4 - closing the current window;
• Alt + Ctrl + Del - opens a "Task Manager";
• Ctrl + A - executes the command "Select All";
• Ctrl + X - Cut into the clipboard;
• Ctrl + C - copy to the clipboard;
• Ctrl + V - insert from the clipboard;
• Ctrl + P - Printing a document;
• Ctrl + S - Save the current document.

Features of the laptop keyboard

Those who had to work on a laptop keyboard, probably drawn attention to that part of the characters and pictograms differ in color or taken into the frame. Also highlighted the Fn button in the bottom row to the left of the space button. With the simultaneous press of Fn and the keys of one color, special tasks are performed.

Thus, you can change the volume of the sound volume and screen illumination, turn on / off the touchpad ( touch panel) Translate a laptop to sleep mode and perform other actions. What exactly the keys are responsible for one or another function depends on the model of the laptop and manufacturer's company, this information can be found in the accompanying documents to the computer or decrypting the pictograms.

We have already learned. Now it's time to study the keyboard. In order to write a letter, or the request in the Internet search engine, without the keyboard, we can not do. In addition, if you do not work the mouse, you can use the keyboard. It is enough to know a few simple commands. Real programmers and hackers do not work at all. For them, the main tool is the keyboard. Perhaps you will also ever work, but for now we will study the basics of work on the keyboard.

Location of keys

The entire keyboard, depending on the functions, can be visually divided into several groups:

• Function keys (F1-F12) - Used to perform special tasks. If you re-press the same key, then the action is canceled. The F1 key - calls the help of the program in which you are currently at the moment;
• Alphanumeric - These are keys with letters, numbers, punctuation and symbols.
• Control keys- These include keys HomeEnd,PageUp,PageDOWN,Delete. and Insert..
• Control keys cursor- Used to move the cursor by documents, web pages, edit text, etc. Control keys (modifiers) (CtrlAlt,Caps.LockWINFN.) - Used in various combinations and separately.
• Digital keys- For quick input numbers.
• Editing keys– Backspace, Delete..

The keyboard layouts may differ slightly. Often there are still multimedia keys on modern keyboards. Such as the inclusion / disconnection of the sound, the volume control, transition to mailbox etc.

Keypad key destination

Each key performs a specific action:

• SPACE KEY- The longest key on the keyboard. Located at the very bottom in the middle. In addition to its main function, do
  The gap between the words, it also removes the "dedicated" object.
• ESC- cancels the last action (closes unnecessary windows).
• PRINT SCREEN.- a "snapshot" of the screen. This screen snapshot can be inserted into Word or Paint. This screen of the screen is called a screenshot. As well as this key displays the contents of the screen.
• Scroll Lock.- Used, to scroll up-down information, but not on all computers this button works.
• Pause / Break- Restore the current computer process, but also does not work on all computers.
• Insert.- It serves to print the text over the already printed. If you click on this key, the new text will be printed erase old. To cancel this action, you need to press the INSERT button again.
• Delete.(on the keyboard is often designated abbreviated Del.) - Delete. Removes signs on the right side of the flashing cursor. Deletes "selected" objects (lines of text, folders, files).
• HOME- Go to the beginning of the filled line.
• End.- Go to the end of the filled line.
• Page Up. - turns the page forward.
• Page Down- turns the page back.
• Backspase.- Removes signs to the left of the flashing cursor during text typing. And returns to the previous page in browsers and in the "Explorer" windows, replacing the arrow "Back", in the upper left corner.
• Tab.- Tabulation fixes the cursor in a specific location of the line.
• Caps Lock.- Switch of capital and uppercase letters.
• Shift.- Short-term pressing of this key - gives a capital letter. In order to print the title, you must first press the Shift key and hold it down to press the desired letter. The SHIFT key can be pressed both on the left, and to the left, as you are more convenient.
• Alt.- To go to the opposite language (from English to Russian and vice versa) - you need to click the alt key And without releasing her SHIFT key. Pressing and holding the ALTGR key (right alt) is used to go to the second keyboard level.
• Ctrl- Right and left. Opens additional features programs.
• Nut Look- Includes an additional digital keyboard.
• ENTER- The information entry key confirms the "Yes" command, or go to the next line.
  Cursor keys - (up), (down), (right),
  (left). With these arrows, you can move not only by text that you print, but also by open pages Sites and programs.

"Hotkeys

You probably heard such an expression. " Hot"They are called because when you click on a combination of these keys, you can quickly call some kind of program or menu.

Each program has its own set of such keys. It is not necessary to memorize them. If you are constantly working in some kind of program, then there is a sense to memorize them. Gradually, we with you many of these combinations will be studied.

In many program windows, when opening any menu, opposite this or that command, the shortcuts are specified to call the same command.

Keyboard shortcuts

Usually such combinations are indicated by the sign + (Plus). For example, Win + E.. This means that you must first press the key WIN.and then key E..

Letters mean Latin, regardless of which layout you have at the moment.

The most necessary steps on the keyboard

• In order to switch to another language, you must click on the key simultaneously Shift. + Alt. or Shift. + Ctrl.
• In order to print large (title) letterneed to hold the key Shift. And click on the desired letter.
• To print all the text only in large letters, press the key. Caps. Lock And let go. And in order to go to small letters again, press this key again.
• In order to print a comma, you must press the key Shift. and comma key. They are usually located close to the right.
• Point B. english layout Located next to the left of the point of Russian layouts.
• To quickly call the menu Start, you can press the key WIN.. It is usually drawn the window icon (Windows Logo).
• Key FN. Designed for a laptop. If you press it and any of the keys F.1- F.10 then you can enable or disable additional functions. Usually on the keys F.1- F.10 A small icon is drawn, which shows that this particular key does.

While these knowledge of the keyboard is enough for you. Find each key on your keyboard and try it in action.

Is it possible to use a laptop or computer without a touchpad or mouse? Is it possible to open the program without the help of the menu? At first glance it seems that it is impossible to do it. But nevertheless, it is possible to use a computer at full capacity without endless clicks. In such cases, combinations of keys on the keyboard come to the rescue. The correct use of their combinations allows you to noticeably save time.

What is needed by keyboard shortcuts

Hot keys or shortcuts - this is the ability to interact with a personal computer only using the keyboard. There is no doubt that for such "communication", not random keyboard combinations are used on the keyboard. The operational system is embedded actions that are called when defined keys are pressed.

Hot keys are used for more optimized work with a personal computer. The combination data is also called shortcut keys and keyboard accelerator.

Combinations are used most often in cases where you have to work a lot with a mouse or touchpad. It is much faster to choose an item from the drop-down menu by pressing one or two keys than constantly click on the file and search for the desired item.

The keyboard accelerator helps in working with text. The text editor "Word" recognizes several dozen combinations, pressing a certain action: copying, inserting, highlighting fat, underscore, page breaking and so on.

But combinations have a disadvantage. It lies in the amount of combinations. Remember them all very difficult. But even the use of the most popular will help optimize work with files, text, browser and dialog boxes.

Use keys modifiers

Any owner of a personal computer or laptop noticed that there are keys on the keyboard that independently perform any function. These include Ctrl, Shift and Alt. By pressing them, it is impossible to change anything in the system, a browser window or text editor. But they are the modifier keys that, thanks to which almost every combination of keys on or computer works.

Proper use of modifiers allows you to open fast access to the operating system settings. But such combinations work both globally and locally. With the right combination of buttons you can create new folder, rename the file or and completely disable the keyboard.

Changing keyboard layout: change key combination

All owners personal computersworking on the basis of the Windows operating system, know about the keyboard key, which helps change the keyboard layout. Two combinations of Win + Space and Alt + Shift are used by default. However, not everyone is suitable this optionSo users want to change the key combination to change the keyboard layout.

To change the method of changing the keyboard layout, you must:

• Open "Parameters" through the Start menu.
• Select "Time and Language".
• Go to the "region and language".
• In the Click on "Advanced Date and Time Parameters, Regional Parameters" window.
• In the "Language" paragraph to select "Changing the Input Method".
• In the menu located on the left side of the window, click on "Advanced Parameters".
• In the "Switching Input Methods" group, select "Change the shortcuts of the language panel keys".
• In the dialog box that appears, click on "Create a keyboard key" and enter new parameters.
• Save settings.

After use, it is changed, and you can change the layout with a new combination.

Entering special characters using key combination

In some situations, it is necessary to introduce special symbolsthat does not provide a standard computer keyboard. Combinations of keys and modifier, it seemed to help not help.

What should I do if you urgently need to insert a copywriting sign, down, up, up or sideway, note, or paragraph? There are two ways to enter such characters.

The first way is to work with the Word Text Editor. In order to insert a special symbol, you will need to open. new document, Go to the "Tab" menu and select the "Symbol" item. Among the list snapped by "Special Symbols".

Next will pop up the dialog box in which the list of all special characters will be presented. The user remains to choose the appropriate. For more convenient search Special characters are grouped on topics: monetary units, punctuation marks, geometric shapes, technical signs, and so on.

To save time, the special symbol window can be caused by a Ctrl + Alt + "-" combination.

The second method is the keyboard key combinations for characters. To enter special characters from the keyboard, you will need to press the Alt button and to enter a set of numbers. For example, Alt + 0169 is the code.

All codes are shown below.

How to block the keyboard using a key combination

Unfortunately, there is no single key combination on the keyboard Windows 7, which would allow you to block only the keyboard. On some computers and laptops, a combination of F11 + ESC can work. Sometimes manufacturers are introduced into their products special combinations for such tasks. For example, all acer laptops Block the keyboard when pressing Fn + F7.

But still it is possible to partially lock the keyboard on the computer. The Win + L key combination blocks not so much the keyboard itself as the operating system. After pressing the keys, the user will be moved to the password input window from the system and shift account. Again, enter the system only one who knows the password.

Key combinations for work in "Word"

There is a whole list of keyboard keyboard combinations that allow you to optimize work with documents in the Word text editor.

To create a new document, it is enough to use the Ctrl + N keys.

Ctrl + O - opens a new file.

Ctrl + W - closes the file.

Alt + Ctrl + S - shares the file window.

Alt + SHIFT + C - removes separation.

Ctrl + S - Saves the document.

Alt + Left Arrow - Move to the next page.

Alt + Arrow Law - Move to the previous page.

Alt + Ctrl + i - preview.

Ctrl + P - print.

To go to read mode, you will need to sequentially press the ALT and E IE keys.

Ctrl + D - calls a window that allows you to change the type, cable and font properties.

SHIFT + F3 - changes the type of text: lowercase letters are replaced with uppercase.

Ctrl + Shift + F - replacement of uppercase letters on the line.

To make the text "fat", just press Ctrl + B.

Ctrl + I - selection of text by slope.

Ctrl + U - adds an underscore.

Ctrl + SHIFT + W - adds a double underline.

Ctrl + SHIFT + D - double underline.

Ctrl + Enter - Insert a page break.

• C - copying a specific table, image or text.
• V - transfer data from the clipboard to the document.
• X - The data is entered into the clipboard and are deleted from the file.
• A - data allocation.
• Z - Cancel the latest data entry.

There are still many hot keys that allow you to optimize work with documents. But the list presented above includes the main and most popular combinations that use each user.

Work with dialog boxes

Combined multiple buttons on the keyboard allows you to quickly navigate dialog boxes operating system. Using the shooter helps move the focus to other buttons in the window. The Backspace button moves the user to a folder that is located one level above. Pressing the "Space" will remove the checkbox or check mark.

Tab button will move to the next active window area. To move in the opposite direction, it is enough to add the SHIFT button to the combination.

Quickly view everything open folders And the programs can be clogged Alt + Tab.

Key combinations and Windows button

The Windows or Win key for many is associated with the "Start" menu. But in combination with other buttons, it works globally.

Kipopka "WINDOVS" +:

• A - call the "Support Center".
• B - Allows you to minimize all the windows.
• Alt + D - Includes or disables the appearance on the current date on the desktop.
• E - quickly opens the conductor.

WINDOVS + K - instantly folds active windows.

Win + R - call the "Run" function.

Win + S - opens a window that allows you to search for files and programs on a personal computer.

Win + "+" / "-" - change the scale of the working surface.

Win and the input button allows you to start the screen speaker.

Win + Esc - closes the "Magnifier" application.

Quickly open "Center special features»You can climb" WINDOVS "and I.

Win combined with arrows up or down allows you to resize the dialog box.

Working with conductor

Pressing Alt + D allows you to move to the address bar.

Ctrl + E - activates the search field.

Ctrl + N is a universal combination that allows almost any program to open a new window.

Ctrl in combination with scrolling changes the size of files and folders in a specific window.

Ctrl + SHIFT + E - Displays a list of all folders that are preceded by active.

Ctrl + SHIFT + N - Creates a new folder.

If you press the F2 button after selecting a file or folder, you can immediately rename it. The F11 key activates the viewing. Repeated pressing deactivates it.

Win + Ctrl + D - allows you to create a new virtual desktop. To switch between them, you will need to press Win + Ctrl + left or right arrow.

The keyboard is one of the earliest and most important hardware components of the computer. The spectrum of models and design solutions is quite wide. There are absolutely original products. Here is a very interesting concept for which the computer keyboard is performed (photo below).

However, despite a large number of Design solutions in the market of keyboards, function and purpose of keys almost on all product modifications this type Organized according to one principle. What exactly?

Keyboard structure

Modern computer keypad Contain 101 or 102 buttons that are divided into several groups. These are functional keys, alphabetic, digital, service, managers, as well as so-called modifiers. Consider the purpose of each type.

Function keys

Total buttons for this type 12. They have long included a key destination, the description of them is found in many textbooks on information technologies, even before the invention of the PC in the current form. Function keys are located in one row (usually), at the top of the keyboard. We study their features.

The purpose of the function keys is more due to traditions in the manufacturers of computers and software, not any stiff standards. There is a kind of generally accepted principles of association of buttons of this group with certain actions. But it is impossible to exclude that individual manufacturers will prefer to set the function keys the destination, which whatever. Take the script at which we will have to press these buttons, working in Windows, for example, the 7th version.

In this case, the F1 key will be responsible for calling the OS reference system. Most programs running in Windows also imply an intensification of reference by pressing F1.

The F2 key is usually responsible for both folders in Windows. A similar function behind it is fixed when working in some file managers.

F3 button in Windows calls search engine OS, separate folder or similar interface in most programs. For example, if text is opened in the editor, then pressing F3, you can search for the desired word or phrase.

The F4 key is usually associated with Windows with two functions: Go to the address bar in an integrated file manager OS, as well as display history.

The F5 button allows you to update the display of objects in the folder, on the desktop or, for example, page in the browser window.

The F6 key has some similarity in the destination with F4. It allows you to translate the text cursor to the targeted line of the built-in file Manager Windows, but does not displays history.

Purpose Keyboard keyboard keys in a row F7-F9, as well as the F12 buttons in Windows strictly not defined. It all depends on the specific application in which the user works. In this case, a specialized program can be used.

The F10 button is responsible for calling the leftmost menu item in the program interface. For example, if the Word window is open, the user by pressing the F10 will open the "File" menu.

The F11 key allows you to quickly switch the window in (or vice versa).

Control keys

This, as a rule, includes the arrow keys - right, left, up and down. They are designed to perform operations to move objects on the screen, to control characters in computer games, etc. Also, they can also be used to position the cursor in the text.

Letter keys

Occupy the central space of the keyboard. In the numerical dimension of such buttons the most standard standard - 47 pieces. English keyboard Computer, as a rule, includes alphabet buttons in its pure form. That is, besides them, nothing is usually depicted on the keys. Russian usually allows simultaneous use of some letter buttons and as "carriers" of punctuation marks. If you press them without a combination with others (for example, modifiers), basic letters will be introduced. With the corresponding combination - punctuation marks.

In some cases, the letter keys allow you to control the object on the screen, if provided for by the program or computer game (The second option is more common). In this sense, the letter keys can sometimes be "controlling".

Digital keys

They, depending on the configuration specific model The keyboards can be located on top of the letter block, and in some cases are supplemented by the buttons on the right side of the device (as a rule, on the "large" keyboards for the PC and on laptops they often do not fit).

In the second case, this block of keys is especially convenient to use when calculating. There are also various auxiliary buttons for multiplying operations, division, subtraction, addition, there is an ENTER key.

Modifiers

Purpose Keyboard keys ranked to "modifiers" - change the essence of the input commands using the functional, alphabet or digital buttons by simultaneously pressing. This is Ctrl, Alt, as well as SHIFT. Some experts also include the insert, Scroll Lock and Num Lock button modifiers. Other experts identify these four keys to a separate group - the so-called "modest" buttons.

Consider the most common actions to execute such keys. The computer keyboard is designed so that the user can enter data not only with the help of single push buttons, but also in combination. The functions of many "modifiers" are performed precisely thanks to such an opportunity.

Users often combine the buttons on the keyboard with the Alt key. For example, if you press the Alt and Tab combination, then you can switch the windows of different programs - from one to another. By using the ALT and F4 combination, the user will close the active application.

No less popular combination of keyboard buttons with Ctrl. For example, the combination of this key and "C" allows you to quickly copy the object or data area - file, folder, text, image, etc. In quickly insert a "copy" by pressing Ctrl + V. If instead of "c" substitute "x", then the dedicated data will be "cut" from the source site, and after pressing Ctrl + V is moved to a new one.

One of the most frequently pressed buttons-modifiers is shift. It is in combination with it most users printed uppercase letters in the text.

Hotkeys

Some experts call it because the latter give the user the opportunity to make any action very quickly, which, when applied, let's say, the mice would take more time. Some examples reflecting the destination of hot keys, we have already led: say, copying text using a Ctrl, C, X and V combination is usually carried out faster than in the call option context menu Through a mouse.

Frequently used combinations of "modifiers" among themselves. For example, if the user is enabled "Russian" computer keyboard - layout can be changed to "English" if you press the combination of alt and shift. And vice versa.

Office keys

There are quite a lot of them on the keyboards. Experts usually refer to them ESC buttons, PAUSE, DEL, Backspace, Home, End, Win, Enter, Tab, and Space, or, in Russian, space. There is an opinion that, in the broad sense of the word, "service" are also control keys and "modifiers", and therefore it would be more expedient to classify the buttons. But uniform standards, at the same time, there is no one.

Most Popular

The most, perhaps, the often used utility key is space. It puts a space when typing. In combination with INSERT (when the mode associated with it is activated) This key erases printed letters.

Probably, the second in popularity of the service key is ENTER. She has a lot of functions. Main allocate difficult, it can be said that there is a key group: it is opening a file, folders, launching a program (or any action in the already running), as well as the translation of the text on new string. On the keyboards that are equipped with a separate area of \u200b\u200bthe number buttons (on the right side), there is usually an optional Enter key.

The ESC button is often used. Usually responsible for the abolition of any action. For example, if the picture viewer is open, then by pressing the ESC, it can be closed. If, of course, the corresponding association of the button is laid in the application: In many cases, the program pressing the ESC does not react.

It is interesting to assign the PRTSC key. With it, you can make the so-called "screenshots" - graphic pictures of the contents of the screen at a particular point in time. To save the image in separate file.You need to run any program for processing pictures, for example, Paint or Photoshop, then "insert" it into the editable area (as an option, using a Ctrl and V combination), after which you save to a convenient format file.

Rare but necessary

Let us study now rarely used, but very necessary service buttons in some cases. These include Scroll Lock and Pause. The first key is designed to change the mode of using control arrows. For example, when pressing the "right" or "left" buttons moved to the appropriate side of the active window. The Pause key can be useful if a program is running on the PC or the process in which the suspension function is provided. For example, before downloading Windows, a different kind of system information is displayed on the PC screen. If the user is interested to read it, but he does not have time to do this due to the quick switching of the computer to download windows, it can "slow down" process by pressing the Pause key. If, of course, it allows you to make a program interface - its algorithms are laid by a computer manufacturer or motherboard. To continue the program execution, it is sufficient to press any button on the keyboard.

New and useful

Over time, in the course of technical progress, the computer keyboard is constantly being improved and upgraded. Key assignment, the description of them may vary. But this is not the only aspect of technological evolution. New keys can also be added and subsequently become de facto, part of the generally accepted standards.

Among the newest buttons - Win, as well as the "Menu". They are indicated on the keyboards, as a rule, drawings. Win - in the form of the Microsoft brand flag, the second key is in the form of, actually, the context menu with points, sometimes with the arrow of the mouse.

Win key contains almost any modern, adapted under Windows, computer keyboard. Photo - below.

Actually, the appearance of both the buttons under consideration is considered to be caused by the access to the world market of the Windows operating system.

Win key

The WIN key, in principle, can be attributed to "hot", since in many cases associated with it are carried out, first, in combination with other buttons, and secondly, they duplicate (with a relatively more rapid execution) operation, Produced with the mouse. Note that if you press Win separately, then, as a rule, the "Start" menu opens.

Consider useful "hot" combinations using the WIN key.

The combination of Win + D allows you to minimize all the open application windows (or, on the contrary, deploy).

Win and R useful in terms of window call quickly launch programs (in which you can enter the name of the main file, after which the application will start).

Combination Win and Pause (in this, by the way, one more useful property The second key) opens the menu of the properties of My Computer.

What useful in the "Menu" key? It is, in principle, is associated with the same action that the user executes by pressing the right mouse button when the cursor induced to the file or folder. That is, it opens consisting of various options. Many users are more convenient to use this function using the keyboard, not the mouse.

Nuances standardization

As we have noted above, it is rather a set of rules dictated by traditions than international standards. However, manufacturers of computers and software, one way or another, try not to experimentally experiment with the association of buttons with new, unsuitable for other market solutions, functions.

Many users may not like an unusual computer keyboard, key assignment, description of its functions. Many PC owners prefer to have the usual "hot", functional or service buttons worked exactly as in most applications. Therefore, the above-described patterns relating to the appointment of various kinds of keys, in general, are valid for almost all keyboard models. In turn, manufacturers are trying to associate the functions of applications in more or less familiar market algorithms.

Windows standards in other systems

Moreover, even in operating systemsother than Windows (for example, Linux), the spectrum of key assignments is generally similar to the above. In many competing operations, oriented initially on Windows Keyboard Computer - Key assignment, description of it - reflect the same features that are present in the OS from Microsoft. It even sometimes concerns the WIN key. Despite the fact that it is typical of Windows, its functions in other OS in some cases are very similar to the original spectrum of appointments. Not to mention the "modifiers" that the computer keyboard contains. The layout between languages \u200b\u200busing the Alt and SHIFT combination is changing not only in Windows.

Keypad key destination

ESC key - This key is used to cancel action, exit programs, games, exit applications, etc. Tab key - This key is usually used when editing text. In other programs, it serves to switch between windows on the screen. Caps Lock key - This key serves to fix the capital letters. When you press the CAPS LOCK key, the Caps Lock is canceled. The SHIFT key - this button is used to enter uppercase letters and other characters that are located in the upper keyboard register, for example, to enter the uppercase letter "and" you need to click on the SHIFT key and not releasing it, press the I. Key key - this key creates an interval between letters. The Backspace key - when you press this key, the symbol is removed from the lev from the cursor. The ENTER key is designed to end the line input. The Delete key is designed to remove any object, such as folders, file, etc. PGUP, PGDN, END, HOME keys are designed to control the cursor. The NUM LOCK key turns on and off the numbers located on the right side of the keyboard. The F1-F12 keys are designed for various special actions that are determined by the Special Program. Ctrl + Alt + Del keys These combination of keys open task manager. CTRL + A key combination highlights all objects immediately, such as folders, files, text, etc. The Ctrl + x key combination cuts the selected object to the buffer exchange, for example, test, files, folders, etc. The CTRL + C key combination copies any object to the clipboard, such as files, folders, etc. CTRL + V key combination inserts a copied file or folder from the clipboard. The CTRL + N key combination allows you to create a new document in various programs. The CTRL + Z key combination cancels the last action. Using the Ctrl + S keys, the current document is saved. Using the Ctrl + P keys, the document is seal. Using the Alt + Enter keys, the full screen mode is moving back, for example, if you press these keys to KMPlayer, Windows Media Player, Media Player Classic, they turn on the entire screen. The ALT keys and keys from 0 to 9 located on the right side of the keyboard make it possible to enter arbitrary characters that are not on the keyboard. In order to enter arbitrary characters, you must press the ALT key and, without releasing it, press the desired number located on the right side of the keyboard. The Alt + F4 key combination closes the active application. When you press the Win + Pause Break keys, the System Properties dialog box opens. When you press the Win + E keys, the conductor will open. My computer. When you press the Win + D keys, all active windows are curved. The Win + L key combination allows you to switch between users or block the workstation. The keyboard key + F1 calls the center of reference and support. When you press the Win + F keys, the Search window opens. When you press the Win + Ctrl + F keys, the computers search opens.

Keypad key destination

Today we will consider assigning the standard PC / AT keys - keyboard.

Fig.1 StandardPC / AT.-keyboard

The keyboard keys, depending on their purpose and location, can be divided into groups:

Alphanumeric;

Functional;

Extra keys block (digital panel);

Cursor control keys;

Service (control keys).

Consider in more detail the key groups.

Alphanumeric keys.

Purpose: Entering letters, numbers, punctuation marks and other special signs. This category also includes a key Space. (SPACE).

Fig.2 Alphabetically Digital Key Block

Function keys.

These include keys F1-F12.For these keys there are no permanent functions (exception is only key F1,which is used to receive references). These keys are usually programmed by the user for each program separately.

Fig.3 Function key block

Advanced key block (digital panel)

Repeat the action of digital and some iconic keys of the main panel

The dacha can be used in two modes:

Input numbers;

Cursor control.

Switching modes is carried out by key Num Lock

Fig.4 Additional keys block (digital keyboard)

Control keys cursor

The cursor is a screen pointer that shows the next character input (for text) or the current position (point) to which the mouse action will apply.

Arrow keys are used to move the cursor to one position across the monitor screen in accordance with the direction.

Keys Pagep. and Pagedown. translate the cursor one page up and down, respectively, and keys HOME. and End. Transfer the cursor to the beginning and end of the current line.

Key Insert. Switches the data entry mode: insertion and replacement (in insert mode, new characters are entered without replacing existing characters, and in replacement mode - replace).

Key Delete. Removes characters that are located to the right of the current cursor position, and the key Backspace. Removes signs that are located on the left of the current cursor position.

Fig.5 Cursor Cursor Keys

Service (control keys)

Consider the keys of this block.

ENTER (English Enter - "Enter") - used to go to a new string (when typing), confirm some action or user willingness, select the command from the menu.

Keys Ctrl and Alt. - Used in combination with other keys (two immediately or separately) to perform a specific command.

Key Shift.- Modifier key. Used to enter uppercase (titled) letters (while pressing the SHIFT key and the key with the letter), as well as punctuation signs. It also applies in combination with other keyboard keys (as well as mouse) to perform various commands.

Key Tav.. Allocate two main functions of the TAV key:

Enters the tab symbols (insert empty characters);

Allows you to switch between control elements within one window.

Key ESC - Designed to return to the previous state or (not always) output from the application or program.

PRINT SCREEN. - Print, current screen status on the printer. Also saves the image of the current screen status in the RAM Buffer.

Key Pause / Break - Designed to suspend the current process (program).

Key Caps Lock. - Fixes the mode of input of capital (title) letters. On the keyboard there is an indicator that displays the (on / off) keys.

Key Num Lock - Enable / disable an additional digital panel. An indication of the mode on is one of the three LEDs on the keyboard.

Key Scroll Lock.. When the SCROLL LOCK mode is enabled, the cursor keys perform the screen movement function. On the keyboard there is an indicator that displays the (on / off) keys.

Key WIN. - Using to start the button START Windows. In combination with other keys, other commands can perform.

Application key (located between buttons WIN.and Ctrl Right) - Equal

pressing the right mouse button.

Fig.6 Block of service keys

Table 4.1. Assigning office keys